Gene expression Search Results

• Gene expression

ROT3P::GUS ... in leaves, histochemical analysis indicated that the ... expression ... was ubiquitous in all cell layers, including epidermis, palisade tissue, and the spongy layer

Kim GT, Tsukaya H, Saito Y, Uchimiya H - Changes in the shapes of leaves and flowers upon overexpression of cytochrome P450 in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

ROT3P::GUS ... expression ... was ... in ... the spongy layer

Kim GT, Tsukaya H, Saito Y, Uchimiya H - Changes in the shapes of leaves and flowers upon overexpression of cytochrome P450 in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

ROT3P::GUS ... we observed ... in leaves

Kim GT, Tsukaya H, Saito Y, Uchimiya H - Changes in the shapes of leaves and flowers upon overexpression of cytochrome P450 in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

ROT3P::GUS ... expression ... was ... in ... epidermis

Kim GT, Tsukaya H, Saito Y, Uchimiya H - Changes in the shapes of leaves and flowers upon overexpression of cytochrome P450 in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

in leaves, histochemical analysis indicated that the ROT3 promoter was expressed more strongly in distal, mature regions than in proximal, immature regions

Kim GT, Tsukaya H, Saito Y, Uchimiya H - Changes in the shapes of leaves and flowers upon overexpression of cytochrome P450 in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

ROT3P::GUS ... expression ... was ... in ... palisade tissue

Kim GT, Tsukaya H, Saito Y, Uchimiya H - Changes in the shapes of leaves and flowers upon overexpression of cytochrome P450 in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

YAB3 is detected in the abaxial regions of the developing leaves

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

YAB2 also appears to be expressed abaxially in cotyledon primordia

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

FIL ... expression extending through more than half of the cell layers in leaf primordia

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

FIL, YAB2 and YAB3 are expressed in a qualitatively similar manner at the mRNA level, although expression levels differ dramatically ... FIL is expressed at a high level, YAB3 at a moderate level, and YAB2 at a low level

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

FIL ... Expression is initially in a small group of subepidermal cells in the central region of leaf anlagen

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

In most leaf primordia of phb-1d homozygotes, FIL expression is undetectable

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

FIL ... expressed in abaxial regions of above ground lateral organ primordia

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

YAB2 ... expressed in abaxial regions of above ground lateral organ

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

FIL is initially expressed in the transition-stage embryo (between the late globular and heart stages) in a small number of subepidermal cells in the central region of the cotyledon anlagen

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

In leaves, FIL is more broadly ... expressed

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

In phb-1d/+ heterozygotes ... FIL expression domain is reduced, usually consisting of only a couple of cell layers on the abaxial side of the leaf primordium (Fig. 5B), rather than in four cell layers as observed in wild type

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

in developing embryos ... initial detection of YAB3 is at the early heart stage

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

YAB3 ... expressed in abaxial regions of above ground lateral organ primordia

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

YAB3 ... Expression ... appears to be in ... three layers of spongy mesophyll

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

YAB3 ... expressed in abaxial regions of ... cotyledons

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

Expression of YAB2 ... is detected in the abaxial regions of the developing leaves

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

In differentiating leaves FIL mRNA ... in the ... adaxial epidermis expression ... is undetectable

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

In phb-1d/+ heterozygotes FIL expression is detected in most leaf primordia

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

FIL ... expression is throughout the abaxial domain of the cotyledon ... primordia ... walking-stick ... stages

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

YAB2 ... expressed in abaxial regions of ... cotyledons

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

FIL ... expressed in abaxial regions of ... cotyledons

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

FIL ... expression is throughout the abaxial domain of the cotyledon primordia ... U ... - ... shaped stages

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

As leaves fully differentiate, YAB3 expression declines to an undetectable level

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

YAB3 expression ... with initial expression occurring in leaf anlagen

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

FIL ... expressed in abaxial regions of ... leaves

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

FIL ... As leaf primordia emerge, expression becomes restricted to the abaxial regions

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

FIL ... By mid-heart stage expression is throughout the abaxial domain of the cotyledon primordia

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

In differentiating leaves FIL mRNA ... in the palisade mesophyll ... expression ... is undetectable

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

YAB2 ... expressed in abaxial regions of ... leaves

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

FIL, YAB2 and YAB3 are expressed in a qualitatively similar manner at the mRNA level, although expression levels differ dramatically ... FIL is expressed at a high level, YAB3 at a moderate level, and YAB2 at a low level

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

YAB3 ... in developing embryos ... expressed abaxially in cotyledon primordia

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

FIL expression is detectable in at least two incipient leaf primordia prior to their emergence from the flanks of the apical meristem

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

FIL ... gradually fades as the embryos mature

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

FIL expression is not altered in ... leaves ... of yab3-1 mutants

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

YAB3 ... Expression appears to be in ... the abaxial epidermis

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

YAB3 ... expressed in abaxial regions of ... leaves

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

YAB3 ... As leaf primordia emerge from the apical meristem, expression is confined to the abaxial regions of developing primordia

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

FIL ... No signal is detected in differentiated leaves

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

in leaf primordium ... As the central cells begin differentiating, FIL expression declines, but remains high in the marginal abaxial regions

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

In differentiating leaves FIL mRNA can be detected ... in layers destined to become spongy mesophyll

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

In differentiating leaves FIL mRNA can be detected in the abaxial epidermis

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

FIL, YAB2 and YAB3 are expressed in a qualitatively similar manner at the mRNA level, although expression levels differ dramatically ... FIL is expressed at a high level, YAB3 at a moderate level, and YAB2 at a low level

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

FIL ... By early heart stage expression has expanded to include cells on the abaxial side of the emergent cotyledon primordia, but does not immediately extend to the tip of the cotyledon primordia

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

FIL ... expression is throughout the abaxial domain of the cotyledon ... primordia ... torpedo ... stages

Siegfried KR, Eshed Y, Baum SF, Otsuga D, Drews GN, Bowman JL - Members of the YABBY gene family specify abaxial cell fate in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

CycD3 transcripts were still observed in 35S::ANT leaves, but not in control

Mizukami Y, Fischer RL - Plant organ size control: AINTEGUMENTA regulates growth and cell numbers during organogenesis

• Gene expression

ANT mRNA accumulated in leaf

Mizukami Y, Fischer RL - Plant organ size control: AINTEGUMENTA regulates growth and cell numbers during organogenesis

• Gene expression

We estimate ... ≈35-fold more AtEXP10 mRNA in young petioles as compared with corresponding mature tissues

Cho HT, Cosgrove DJ - Altered expression of expansin modulates leaf growth and pedicel abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

As leaf development progressed, AtEXP10::GUS expression began in the base of the petiole and gradually extended toward the whole midrib

Cho HT, Cosgrove DJ - Altered expression of expansin modulates leaf growth and pedicel abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

The first expression detectable by AtEXP10::GUS occurred at the base of the emerging first two true leaves but not of the cotyledons

Cho HT, Cosgrove DJ - Altered expression of expansin modulates leaf growth and pedicel abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

AtEXP10::GUS ... low level of staining in the shoot meristem was observed

Cho HT, Cosgrove DJ - Altered expression of expansin modulates leaf growth and pedicel abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

AtEXP10::GUS expression ... disappeared altogether as the leaf matured

Cho HT, Cosgrove DJ - Altered expression of expansin modulates leaf growth and pedicel abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

AtEXP10::GUS expression ... later ... was restricted to the vasculature of the petiole and leaf blade

Cho HT, Cosgrove DJ - Altered expression of expansin modulates leaf growth and pedicel abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

AtEXP10::GUS also was notably expressed in growing trichomes

Cho HT, Cosgrove DJ - Altered expression of expansin modulates leaf growth and pedicel abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

We estimate ≈200-fold more AtEXP10 mRNA in young leaf blades ... as compared with corresponding mature tissues

Cho HT, Cosgrove DJ - Altered expression of expansin modulates leaf growth and pedicel abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

LEP expression was significantly increased in let compared to wild type

van der Graaff E, Dulk-Ras AD, Hooykaas PJ, Keller B - Activation tagging of the LEAFY PETIOLE gene affects leaf petiole development in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

LEP is only expressed in young shoots of wild-type plants

van der Graaff E, Dulk-Ras AD, Hooykaas PJ, Keller B - Activation tagging of the LEAFY PETIOLE gene affects leaf petiole development in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

In wild type no LEP expression could be detected in the cotyledons

van der Graaff E, Dulk-Ras AD, Hooykaas PJ, Keller B - Activation tagging of the LEAFY PETIOLE gene affects leaf petiole development in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

detected LEP expression in stipules

van der Graaff E, Dulk-Ras AD, Hooykaas PJ, Keller B - Activation tagging of the LEAFY PETIOLE gene affects leaf petiole development in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

In wild type no LEP expression could be detected in the ... non-expanding (old) leaves

van der Graaff E, Dulk-Ras AD, Hooykaas PJ, Keller B - Activation tagging of the LEAFY PETIOLE gene affects leaf petiole development in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

LEP expression ... restricted to the leaf blades

van der Graaff E, Dulk-Ras AD, Hooykaas PJ, Keller B - Activation tagging of the LEAFY PETIOLE gene affects leaf petiole development in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

LEP expression was strongest in very young leaf blades and became weaker upon further expansion of these blades

van der Graaff E, Dulk-Ras AD, Hooykaas PJ, Keller B - Activation tagging of the LEAFY PETIOLE gene affects leaf petiole development in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

In let ... LEP expression was detected in all organs analysed

van der Graaff E, Dulk-Ras AD, Hooykaas PJ, Keller B - Activation tagging of the LEAFY PETIOLE gene affects leaf petiole development in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

In wild type, LEP was expressed throughout very young leaf primordia

van der Graaff E, Dulk-Ras AD, Hooykaas PJ, Keller B - Activation tagging of the LEAFY PETIOLE gene affects leaf petiole development in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

LEP was very weakly expressed in wild type and could only be detected in young shoots

van der Graaff E, Dulk-Ras AD, Hooykaas PJ, Keller B - Activation tagging of the LEAFY PETIOLE gene affects leaf petiole development in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

LEP ... staining in all cells constituting the young leaf primordia

van der Graaff E, Dulk-Ras AD, Hooykaas PJ, Keller B - Activation tagging of the LEAFY PETIOLE gene affects leaf petiole development in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

In ... 35SDE-LEP overexpressors LEP expression was detected in all organs analysed

van der Graaff E, Dulk-Ras AD, Hooykaas PJ, Keller B - Activation tagging of the LEAFY PETIOLE gene affects leaf petiole development in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

LEP expression could also be detected in young developing leaves

van der Graaff E, Dulk-Ras AD, Hooykaas PJ, Keller B - Activation tagging of the LEAFY PETIOLE gene affects leaf petiole development in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

clf-18 ... leaves ... contain ... AP3 floral genes

Serrano-Cartagena J, Candela H, Robles P, Ponce MR, Pérez-Pérez JM, Piqueras P, Micol JL - Genetic analysis of incurvata mutants reveals three independent genetic operations at work in Arabidopsis leaf morphogenesis

• Gene expression

icu2 leaves ... contain ... AG ... floral genes

Serrano-Cartagena J, Candela H, Robles P, Ponce MR, Pérez-Pérez JM, Piqueras P, Micol JL - Genetic analysis of incurvata mutants reveals three independent genetic operations at work in Arabidopsis leaf morphogenesis

• Gene expression

clf-18 ... leaves ... contain ... AG ... floral genes

Serrano-Cartagena J, Candela H, Robles P, Ponce MR, Pérez-Pérez JM, Piqueras P, Micol JL - Genetic analysis of incurvata mutants reveals three independent genetic operations at work in Arabidopsis leaf morphogenesis

• Gene expression

Ectopic transcription of AP1 was detected in ... clf-61 allele

Serrano-Cartagena J, Candela H, Robles P, Ponce MR, Pérez-Pérez JM, Piqueras P, Micol JL - Genetic analysis of incurvata mutants reveals three independent genetic operations at work in Arabidopsis leaf morphogenesis

• Gene expression

Ectopic transcription of AP1 was detected in icu2

Serrano-Cartagena J, Candela H, Robles P, Ponce MR, Pérez-Pérez JM, Piqueras P, Micol JL - Genetic analysis of incurvata mutants reveals three independent genetic operations at work in Arabidopsis leaf morphogenesis

• Gene expression

icu2 leaves ... contain ... AP3 floral genes

Serrano-Cartagena J, Candela H, Robles P, Ponce MR, Pérez-Pérez JM, Piqueras P, Micol JL - Genetic analysis of incurvata mutants reveals three independent genetic operations at work in Arabidopsis leaf morphogenesis

• Gene expression

Using in situ hybridization ... SHOOTMERISTEMLESS (STM) ... as1 ... se ... strong expression in the meristem

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

Using in situ hybridization, we could not detect SHOOTMERISTEMLESS (STM) expression in leaves of as1 ... se

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

KNAT1 ... as1 ... se ... expression was confined to the peripheral zone

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

as1 se ... showed expression of KNAT1::GUS in leaves

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

KNAT2::GUS ... Leaves of ... as2 ... revealed GUS expression in the sinuses

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

KNAT2::GUS expression appeared normal in se mutants

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

KNAT1::GUS-19 expression in pkl-15 single mutants was indistinguishable from that of wild type

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

as2 se ... showed expression of KNAT1::GUS in leaves

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

KNAT1::GUS-18 ... Weak GUS expression was also seen in the sinus of the occasional lobes that formed on as1 ... leaves

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

In as2 mutants, KNAT1::GUS-1 expression was detected in the petioles of leaves

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

KNAT1::GUS-18 ... Weak GUS expression was also seen in the sinus of the occasional lobes that formed on ... as2 leaves

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

Sporadic expression of KNAT1 was detected in the basal part of young leaves of ... as2 se mutants

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

KNAT1 ... as2 ... se ... expression was confined to the peripheral zone

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

Sporadic expression of KNAT1 was detected in the basal part of young leaves of ... as2

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

In as2 mutants, KNAT1::GUS-1 expression was detected ... in the main vein

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

Expression of KNAT1 RNA in meristems of ... as1 ... se ... appeared similar to that of wild- type plants

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

In as2 mutants, KNAT1::GUS-1 expression was detected ... sometimes in secondary veins

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

KNAT1::GUS-19 ... GUS expression in as1-1 pkl-15 plants was ... less intense throughout the leaf

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

KNAT1::GUS-19 ... GUS expression in as1-1 pkl-15 plants was concentrated in the sinus region

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

KNAT1 ... as1 ... expression was confined to the peripheral zone

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

KNAT1::GUS-1 line was detected in the ... shoot meristems

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

Sporadic expression of KNAT1 was detected in the basal part of young leaves of as1

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

KNAT1 ... as2 ... expression was confined to the peripheral zone

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

Expression of KNAT1 RNA in meristems of ... as1 ... appeared similar to that of wild- type plants

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

KNAT1 ... as1 ... se ... not detected ... in the youngest leaf primordia

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

KNAT2::GUS ... Leaves of ... as2 single mutants revealed GUS expression ... slightly in the basal portion of the leaf petioles

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

Using in situ hybridization ... SHOOTMERISTEMLESS (STM) ... as1 ... strong expression in the meristem

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

Using in situ hybridization, we could not detect SHOOTMERISTEMLESS (STM) expression in leaves of as1

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

Expression of KNAT1 RNA in meristems of ... as2 ... se ... appeared similar to that of wild- type plants

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

Using in situ hybridization ... SHOOTMERISTEMLESS (STM) ... as2 ... strong expression in the meristem

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

Using in situ hybridization, we could not detect SHOOTMERISTEMLESS (STM) expression in leaves of ... se

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

as2 se ... showed expression of KNAT1::GUS in leaves

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

Using in situ hybridization, we could not detect SHOOTMERISTEMLESS (STM) expression in leaves of ... as2

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

KNAT1::GUS-18 ... expression was strong ... in the vasculature of as1 leaves

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

KNAT2::GUS ... Leaves of as1 ... single mutants revealed GUS expression ... slightly in the basal portion of the leaf petioles

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

as2 se double mutants expressed KNAT2::GUS strongly in the sinuses of lobes

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

KNAT1 ... as2 ... not detected ... in the youngest leaf primordia

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

Using in situ hybridization ... SHOOTMERISTEMLESS (STM) ... as2 ... se ... strong expression in the meristem

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

In wild-type plants carrying the KNAT2::GUS construct, staining was detected in meristems but not leaves

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

KNAT2::GUS ... Leaves of as1 ... revealed GUS expression in the sinuses

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

as1 se ... double mutants expressed KNAT2::GUS strongly in the sinuses of lobes

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

Using in situ hybridization ... SHOOTMERISTEMLESS (STM) ... se ... strong expression in the meristem

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

KNAT1::GUS-1 line was detected ... not in leaves

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

Using in situ hybridization, we could not detect SHOOTMERISTEMLESS (STM) expression in leaves of ... as2 ... se

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

KNAT1 ... as1 ... not detected ... in the youngest leaf primordia

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

Expression of KNAT1 RNA in meristems of ... as2 ... appeared similar to that of wild- type plants

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

In wild-type plants carrying the KNAT2::GUS construct, staining was detected in meristems

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

KNAT1 ... as2 ... se ... not detected ... in the youngest leaf primordia

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

In as2 mutants, KNAT1::GUS-1 expression was detected ... occasionally in patches on the leaves

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

KNAT1::GUS-18 ... expression was strong in the petioles ... of as1 leaves

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

Sporadic expression of KNAT1 was detected in the basal part of young leaves of ... as1 se

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Gene expression

transgenic lines in which NAC1 was ... silenced ... DBP ... showed ... a reduction

Xie Q, Frugis G, Colgan D, Chua NH - Arabidopsis NAC1 transduces auxin signal downstream of TIR1 to promote lateral root development

• Gene expression

auxin treatment increased ... AIR3 expression levels in wild-type plants

Xie Q, Frugis G, Colgan D, Chua NH - Arabidopsis NAC1 transduces auxin signal downstream of TIR1 to promote lateral root development

• Gene expression

Whole-mount in situ hybridization of 7–12-d-old seedlings detected ... tissues actively expressing the NAC1 gene ... the primordia of the developing leaves

Xie Q, Frugis G, Colgan D, Chua NH - Arabidopsis NAC1 transduces auxin signal downstream of TIR1 to promote lateral root development

• Gene expression

transgenic lines in which NAC1 was ... silenced ... AIR3 ... showed ... a reduction

Xie Q, Frugis G, Colgan D, Chua NH - Arabidopsis NAC1 transduces auxin signal downstream of TIR1 to promote lateral root development

• Gene expression

transgenic lines carrying a GFP-NAC1 fusion gene expressed under the control of a dexamethasone-inducible GVG promoter ... In the absence of dex, no fluorescence was observed (Fig. ​(Fig.2A,2A, panel 2), however, in the presence of dex, the GFP–NAC1 was localized exclusively to the nucleus

Xie Q, Frugis G, Colgan D, Chua NH - Arabidopsis NAC1 transduces auxin signal downstream of TIR1 to promote lateral root development

• Gene expression

NAC1 was expressed at a moderate level in 2-wk-old seedlings, however, in dissected tissues of mature plants it was expressed at high levels in roots, at low levels in stems and leaves, and not at all in flowers or siliques

Xie Q, Frugis G, Colgan D, Chua NH - Arabidopsis NAC1 transduces auxin signal downstream of TIR1 to promote lateral root development

• Gene expression

transgenic lines in which NAC1 was overexpressed ... AIR3 ... showed an increase

Xie Q, Frugis G, Colgan D, Chua NH - Arabidopsis NAC1 transduces auxin signal downstream of TIR1 to promote lateral root development

• Gene expression

Whole-mount in situ hybridization of 7–12-d-old seedlings detected ... tissues actively expressing the NAC1 gene: the expanding cotyledons

Xie Q, Frugis G, Colgan D, Chua NH - Arabidopsis NAC1 transduces auxin signal downstream of TIR1 to promote lateral root development

• Gene expression

auxin treatment increased ... NAC1 ... expression levels in wild-type plants

Xie Q, Frugis G, Colgan D, Chua NH - Arabidopsis NAC1 transduces auxin signal downstream of TIR1 to promote lateral root development

• Gene expression

construct containing a 2-kb DNA fragment upstream of the NAC1 coding region was fused to a β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene, and several independent transgenic lines were analyzed ... In the leaf primordia, a signal, which diminished as the leaf matured, was also observed

Xie Q, Frugis G, Colgan D, Chua NH - Arabidopsis NAC1 transduces auxin signal downstream of TIR1 to promote lateral root development

• Gene expression

a construct containing a 2-kb DNA fragment upstream of the NAC1 coding region was fused to a β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene, and several independent transgenic lines were analyzed ... moderate activity was observed in the cotyledons

Xie Q, Frugis G, Colgan D, Chua NH - Arabidopsis NAC1 transduces auxin signal downstream of TIR1 to promote lateral root development

• Gene expression

transgenic lines in which NAC1 was overexpressed ... DBP ... showed an increase

Xie Q, Frugis G, Colgan D, Chua NH - Arabidopsis NAC1 transduces auxin signal downstream of TIR1 to promote lateral root development

• Gene expression

35S-ICK1 ... Expression of the CDK gene cdc2a did not decrease, and perhaps showed a slight increase

Wang H, Zhou Y, Gilmer S, Whitwill S, Fowke LC - Expression of the plant cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor ICK1 affects cell division, plant growth and morphology

• Gene expression

KNAT1 was ectopically expressed in as1 leaves

Byrne ME, Barley R, Curtis M, Arroyo JM, Dunham M, Hudson A, Martienssen RA - Asymmetric leaves1 mediates leaf patterning and stem cell function in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

KNAT1 transcripts in wild-type plants were detected ... not in leaves

Byrne ME, Barley R, Curtis M, Arroyo JM, Dunham M, Hudson A, Martienssen RA - Asymmetric leaves1 mediates leaf patterning and stem cell function in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

KNAT2 transcripts were present at high levels in wild-type shoot

Byrne ME, Barley R, Curtis M, Arroyo JM, Dunham M, Hudson A, Martienssen RA - Asymmetric leaves1 mediates leaf patterning and stem cell function in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

as1 showed misexpression of KNAT1

Byrne ME, Barley R, Curtis M, Arroyo JM, Dunham M, Hudson A, Martienssen RA - Asymmetric leaves1 mediates leaf patterning and stem cell function in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

In wild-type embryos AS1 RNA ... was absent or reduced in ... the cotyledon epidermis

Byrne ME, Barley R, Curtis M, Arroyo JM, Dunham M, Hudson A, Martienssen RA - Asymmetric leaves1 mediates leaf patterning and stem cell function in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

STM expression ... is absent from ... leaf primordia ... in as1

Byrne ME, Barley R, Curtis M, Arroyo JM, Dunham M, Hudson A, Martienssen RA - Asymmetric leaves1 mediates leaf patterning and stem cell function in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

as1 showed misexpression of ... KNAT2

Byrne ME, Barley R, Curtis M, Arroyo JM, Dunham M, Hudson A, Martienssen RA - Asymmetric leaves1 mediates leaf patterning and stem cell function in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

wild-type embryos AS1 RNA ... was absent or reduced in cells that would subsequently form the shoot apical meristem

Byrne ME, Barley R, Curtis M, Arroyo JM, Dunham M, Hudson A, Martienssen RA - Asymmetric leaves1 mediates leaf patterning and stem cell function in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

STM expression in the wild type ... is absent from ... leaf primordia

Byrne ME, Barley R, Curtis M, Arroyo JM, Dunham M, Hudson A, Martienssen RA - Asymmetric leaves1 mediates leaf patterning and stem cell function in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

In wild-type embryos AS1 RNA first became detectable in late globular stage, predominantly in two subepidermal domains corresponding to cotyledon initials

Byrne ME, Barley R, Curtis M, Arroyo JM, Dunham M, Hudson A, Martienssen RA - Asymmetric leaves1 mediates leaf patterning and stem cell function in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

After germination, AS1 was detected in leaf founder cells ... until stage P4

Byrne ME, Barley R, Curtis M, Arroyo JM, Dunham M, Hudson A, Martienssen RA - Asymmetric leaves1 mediates leaf patterning and stem cell function in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

KNAT2 transcripts were present ... at a low level in wild-type leaves

Byrne ME, Barley R, Curtis M, Arroyo JM, Dunham M, Hudson A, Martienssen RA - Asymmetric leaves1 mediates leaf patterning and stem cell function in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

In wild-type embryos AS1 RNA ... Expression was maintained in subepidermal cells of developing cotyledons from heart stage onwards

Byrne ME, Barley R, Curtis M, Arroyo JM, Dunham M, Hudson A, Martienssen RA - Asymmetric leaves1 mediates leaf patterning and stem cell function in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

After germination, AS1 was detected ... in cells associated with the cotyledon vasculature

Byrne ME, Barley R, Curtis M, Arroyo JM, Dunham M, Hudson A, Martienssen RA - Asymmetric leaves1 mediates leaf patterning and stem cell function in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

KNAT1 transcripts in wild-type plants were detected in whole-shoot

Byrne ME, Barley R, Curtis M, Arroyo JM, Dunham M, Hudson A, Martienssen RA - Asymmetric leaves1 mediates leaf patterning and stem cell function in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

STM expression in the wild type ... is absent from leaves

Byrne ME, Barley R, Curtis M, Arroyo JM, Dunham M, Hudson A, Martienssen RA - Asymmetric leaves1 mediates leaf patterning and stem cell function in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

in as1 ... STM expression was unchanged

Byrne ME, Barley R, Curtis M, Arroyo JM, Dunham M, Hudson A, Martienssen RA - Asymmetric leaves1 mediates leaf patterning and stem cell function in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

STM expression ... is absent from leaves ... in as1

Byrne ME, Barley R, Curtis M, Arroyo JM, Dunham M, Hudson A, Martienssen RA - Asymmetric leaves1 mediates leaf patterning and stem cell function in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

STM expression in the wild type is confined to SAM cells

Byrne ME, Barley R, Curtis M, Arroyo JM, Dunham M, Hudson A, Martienssen RA - Asymmetric leaves1 mediates leaf patterning and stem cell function in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

KNAT1 ... was ectopically expressed in the cotyledons of as1 embryos

Byrne ME, Barley R, Curtis M, Arroyo JM, Dunham M, Hudson A, Martienssen RA - Asymmetric leaves1 mediates leaf patterning and stem cell function in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

STM ... expression ... is confined to SAM cells ... in as1

Byrne ME, Barley R, Curtis M, Arroyo JM, Dunham M, Hudson A, Martienssen RA - Asymmetric leaves1 mediates leaf patterning and stem cell function in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

In as1 mutant leaves, expression of KNAT2 was upregulated

Byrne ME, Barley R, Curtis M, Arroyo JM, Dunham M, Hudson A, Martienssen RA - Asymmetric leaves1 mediates leaf patterning and stem cell function in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

stm embryos revealed AS1 expression throughout the apical half of ... heart stage embryos

Byrne ME, Barley R, Curtis M, Arroyo JM, Dunham M, Hudson A, Martienssen RA - Asymmetric leaves1 mediates leaf patterning and stem cell function in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

the expression pattern of STM does not change in as1 mutants

Byrne ME, Barley R, Curtis M, Arroyo JM, Dunham M, Hudson A, Martienssen RA - Asymmetric leaves1 mediates leaf patterning and stem cell function in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

After germination, AS1 was detected in leaf founder cells from the time of primordium initiation

Byrne ME, Barley R, Curtis M, Arroyo JM, Dunham M, Hudson A, Martienssen RA - Asymmetric leaves1 mediates leaf patterning and stem cell function in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

expression of ATβ-Amy ... in plants grown on media lacking sugars did not differ between 35S::ATHB13 plants and wild type

Hanson J, Johannesson H, Engström P - Sugar-dependent alterations in cotyledon and leaf development in transgenic plants expressing the HDZhdip gene ATHB13

• Gene expression

expression of ATβ-Amy ... was induced to higher levels in 35S::ATHB13 plants than in the wild type

Hanson J, Johannesson H, Engström P - Sugar-dependent alterations in cotyledon and leaf development in transgenic plants expressing the HDZhdip gene ATHB13

• Gene expression

expression of ... VSP was induced to higher levels in 35S::ATHB13 plants than in the wild type

Hanson J, Johannesson H, Engström P - Sugar-dependent alterations in cotyledon and leaf development in transgenic plants expressing the HDZhdip gene ATHB13

• Gene expression

CHS ... not affected by ATHB13 over-expression

Hanson J, Johannesson H, Engström P - Sugar-dependent alterations in cotyledon and leaf development in transgenic plants expressing the HDZhdip gene ATHB13

• Gene expression

expression of ... VSP ... in plants grown on media lacking sugars did not differ between 35S::ATHB13 plants and wild type

Hanson J, Johannesson H, Engström P - Sugar-dependent alterations in cotyledon and leaf development in transgenic plants expressing the HDZhdip gene ATHB13

• Gene expression

KNAT1 ... transcripts were detected in the peripheral zones ... in the wild type

Semiarti E, Ueno Y, Tsukaya H, Iwakawa H, Machida C, Machida Y - The ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana regulates formation of a symmetric lamina, establishment of venation and repression of meristem-related homeobox genes in leaves

• Gene expression

wild-type leaves did not accumulate any detectable STM transcripts

Semiarti E, Ueno Y, Tsukaya H, Iwakawa H, Machida C, Machida Y - The ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana regulates formation of a symmetric lamina, establishment of venation and repression of meristem-related homeobox genes in leaves

• Gene expression

as1-1 ... levels of KNAT1 ... transcripts ... were higher than in the wild type

Semiarti E, Ueno Y, Tsukaya H, Iwakawa H, Machida C, Machida Y - The ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana regulates formation of a symmetric lamina, establishment of venation and repression of meristem-related homeobox genes in leaves

• Gene expression

KNAT1 transcripts ... as2-1 ... were detected ... not in the ... presumptive leaf initials

Semiarti E, Ueno Y, Tsukaya H, Iwakawa H, Machida C, Machida Y - The ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana regulates formation of a symmetric lamina, establishment of venation and repression of meristem-related homeobox genes in leaves

• Gene expression

KNAT1 transcripts ... were detected ... not in the ... presumptive leaf initials ... in the wild type

Semiarti E, Ueno Y, Tsukaya H, Iwakawa H, Machida C, Machida Y - The ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana regulates formation of a symmetric lamina, establishment of venation and repression of meristem-related homeobox genes in leaves

• Gene expression

Levels of STM transcripts in as2- 1 rosette leaves fluctuated

Semiarti E, Ueno Y, Tsukaya H, Iwakawa H, Machida C, Machida Y - The ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana regulates formation of a symmetric lamina, establishment of venation and repression of meristem-related homeobox genes in leaves

• Gene expression

In the rosette leaves of as1 ... levels of transcripts of the KNAT6 gene increased

Semiarti E, Ueno Y, Tsukaya H, Iwakawa H, Machida C, Machida Y - The ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana regulates formation of a symmetric lamina, establishment of venation and repression of meristem-related homeobox genes in leaves

• Gene expression

KNAT1 transcripts ... were detected in the ... basal regions of leaf primordia ... in the wild type

Semiarti E, Ueno Y, Tsukaya H, Iwakawa H, Machida C, Machida Y - The ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana regulates formation of a symmetric lamina, establishment of venation and repression of meristem-related homeobox genes in leaves

• Gene expression

KNAT1 transcripts ... as2-1 ... were detected ... not in the ... small leaf primordia

Semiarti E, Ueno Y, Tsukaya H, Iwakawa H, Machida C, Machida Y - The ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana regulates formation of a symmetric lamina, establishment of venation and repression of meristem-related homeobox genes in leaves

• Gene expression

KNAT1 transcripts ... were detected ... not in the central zones ... in the wild type

Semiarti E, Ueno Y, Tsukaya H, Iwakawa H, Machida C, Machida Y - The ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana regulates formation of a symmetric lamina, establishment of venation and repression of meristem-related homeobox genes in leaves

• Gene expression

as2-1 ... levels of KNAT1 transcripts ... were higher than in the wild type

Semiarti E, Ueno Y, Tsukaya H, Iwakawa H, Machida C, Machida Y - The ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana regulates formation of a symmetric lamina, establishment of venation and repression of meristem-related homeobox genes in leaves

• Gene expression

When primers for amplification of KNAT1 cDNA were used, products of PCR were detected in samples from all the leaves ... of ... as2 ... but not of wild-type plants

Semiarti E, Ueno Y, Tsukaya H, Iwakawa H, Machida C, Machida Y - The ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana regulates formation of a symmetric lamina, establishment of venation and repression of meristem-related homeobox genes in leaves

• Gene expression

KNAT1 transcripts ... as2-1 ... were detected in the ... basal regions of leaf primordia

Semiarti E, Ueno Y, Tsukaya H, Iwakawa H, Machida C, Machida Y - The ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana regulates formation of a symmetric lamina, establishment of venation and repression of meristem-related homeobox genes in leaves

• Gene expression

KNAT1 ... we occasionally detected weak but significant hybridization signals in some as2-1 leaf primordia and such signals were not detected in the wild type

Semiarti E, Ueno Y, Tsukaya H, Iwakawa H, Machida C, Machida Y - The ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana regulates formation of a symmetric lamina, establishment of venation and repression of meristem-related homeobox genes in leaves

• Gene expression

No significant increase in the accumulation of WUS transcripts was detected in as1-1 ... rosette leaves

Semiarti E, Ueno Y, Tsukaya H, Iwakawa H, Machida C, Machida Y - The ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana regulates formation of a symmetric lamina, establishment of venation and repression of meristem-related homeobox genes in leaves

• Gene expression

Transcripts of the STM gene accumulated in the first and second rosette leaves of as1-1 plants

Semiarti E, Ueno Y, Tsukaya H, Iwakawa H, Machida C, Machida Y - The ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana regulates formation of a symmetric lamina, establishment of venation and repression of meristem-related homeobox genes in leaves

• Gene expression

When primers for amplification of KNAT1 cDNA were used, products of PCR were detected in samples from all the leaves ... of as1 ... but not of wild-type plants

Semiarti E, Ueno Y, Tsukaya H, Iwakawa H, Machida C, Machida Y - The ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana regulates formation of a symmetric lamina, establishment of venation and repression of meristem-related homeobox genes in leaves

• Gene expression

The pattern of accumulation of KNAT1 transcripts in the as1-1 meristem was also similar to that in the wild type

Semiarti E, Ueno Y, Tsukaya H, Iwakawa H, Machida C, Machida Y - The ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana regulates formation of a symmetric lamina, establishment of venation and repression of meristem-related homeobox genes in leaves

• Gene expression

No significant increase in the accumulation of WUS transcripts was detected in ... as2-1 rosette leaves

Semiarti E, Ueno Y, Tsukaya H, Iwakawa H, Machida C, Machida Y - The ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana regulates formation of a symmetric lamina, establishment of venation and repression of meristem-related homeobox genes in leaves

• Gene expression

KNAT1 ... we detected relatively strong hybridization signals at the bases of as2-1 leaf primordia

Semiarti E, Ueno Y, Tsukaya H, Iwakawa H, Machida C, Machida Y - The ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana regulates formation of a symmetric lamina, establishment of venation and repression of meristem-related homeobox genes in leaves

• Gene expression

KNAT1 transcripts ... were detected ... not in the ... small leaf primordia ... in the wild type

Semiarti E, Ueno Y, Tsukaya H, Iwakawa H, Machida C, Machida Y - The ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana regulates formation of a symmetric lamina, establishment of venation and repression of meristem-related homeobox genes in leaves

• Gene expression

When we used primers for KNAT2 cDNA, increased levels of products were detected in ... as2

Semiarti E, Ueno Y, Tsukaya H, Iwakawa H, Machida C, Machida Y - The ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana regulates formation of a symmetric lamina, establishment of venation and repression of meristem-related homeobox genes in leaves

• Gene expression

When we used primers for KNAT2 cDNA, increased levels of products were detected in ... as1

Semiarti E, Ueno Y, Tsukaya H, Iwakawa H, Machida C, Machida Y - The ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana regulates formation of a symmetric lamina, establishment of venation and repression of meristem-related homeobox genes in leaves

• Gene expression

KNAT6 ... in the wild type, transcripts of this gene accumulated in the shoot apices

Semiarti E, Ueno Y, Tsukaya H, Iwakawa H, Machida C, Machida Y - The ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana regulates formation of a symmetric lamina, establishment of venation and repression of meristem-related homeobox genes in leaves

• Gene expression

In situ hybridization showed that the pattern of accumulation of KNAT1 transcripts around vegetative meristems of as2-1 was similar to that of the wild type

Semiarti E, Ueno Y, Tsukaya H, Iwakawa H, Machida C, Machida Y - The ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana regulates formation of a symmetric lamina, establishment of venation and repression of meristem-related homeobox genes in leaves

• Gene expression

KNAT1 ... as2-1 ... transcripts were detected in the peripheral zones

Semiarti E, Ueno Y, Tsukaya H, Iwakawa H, Machida C, Machida Y - The ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana regulates formation of a symmetric lamina, establishment of venation and repression of meristem-related homeobox genes in leaves

• Gene expression

In the rosette leaves of ... as2 ... levels of transcripts of the KNAT6 gene increased

Semiarti E, Ueno Y, Tsukaya H, Iwakawa H, Machida C, Machida Y - The ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana regulates formation of a symmetric lamina, establishment of venation and repression of meristem-related homeobox genes in leaves

• Gene expression

KAN ... soon thereafter becomes restricted to peripheral cells in a basal region of the embryo

Kerstetter RA, Bollman K, Taylor RA, Bomblies K, Poethig RS - KANADI regulates organ polarity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

Translational fusions between the KAN cDNA and ... b-glucuronidase (GUS ... KAN directed reporter gene expression to the nucleus

Kerstetter RA, Bollman K, Taylor RA, Bomblies K, Poethig RS - KANADI regulates organ polarity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

KAN ... In heart-stage embryos, expression was observed both in the periphery of the presumptive hypocotyl

Kerstetter RA, Bollman K, Taylor RA, Bomblies K, Poethig RS - KANADI regulates organ polarity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

KAN is weakly expressed throughout the early globular embryo

Kerstetter RA, Bollman K, Taylor RA, Bomblies K, Poethig RS - KANADI regulates organ polarity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

During vegetative growth, KANmRNAwas observed ... not in older leaves

Kerstetter RA, Bollman K, Taylor RA, Bomblies K, Poethig RS - KANADI regulates organ polarity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

During vegetative growth, KANmRNAwas observed on the abaxial side of very young leaf primordia

Kerstetter RA, Bollman K, Taylor RA, Bomblies K, Poethig RS - KANADI regulates organ polarity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

KAN ... In heart-stage embryos, expression was observed ... on the abaxial side of cotyledon primordia

Kerstetter RA, Bollman K, Taylor RA, Bomblies K, Poethig RS - KANADI regulates organ polarity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

Translational fusions between the KAN cDNA and ... modified green fluorescent protein (mGFP5 ... KAN directed reporter gene expression to the nucleus

Kerstetter RA, Bollman K, Taylor RA, Bomblies K, Poethig RS - KANADI regulates organ polarity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

The highest levels of PHB RNA are in adaxial (or central) regions of the embryo

McConnell JR, Emery J, Eshed Y, Bao N, Bowman J, Barton MK - Role of PHABULOSA and PHAVOLUTA in determining radial patterning in shoots

• Gene expression

PHB transcript is initially present throughout the presumptive cotyledons

McConnell JR, Emery J, Eshed Y, Bao N, Bowman J, Barton MK - Role of PHABULOSA and PHAVOLUTA in determining radial patterning in shoots

• Gene expression

PHB expression in the meristem are missing in phb-1d mutants

McConnell JR, Emery J, Eshed Y, Bao N, Bowman J, Barton MK - Role of PHABULOSA and PHAVOLUTA in determining radial patterning in shoots

• Gene expression

The PHB transcript is preferentially expressed in the adaxial domain of the developing leaf

McConnell JR, Emery J, Eshed Y, Bao N, Bowman J, Barton MK - Role of PHABULOSA and PHAVOLUTA in determining radial patterning in shoots

• Gene expression

PHB ... globular stage just before cotyledon outgrowth) is seen at high levels in their adaxial domains

McConnell JR, Emery J, Eshed Y, Bao N, Bowman J, Barton MK - Role of PHABULOSA and PHAVOLUTA in determining radial patterning in shoots

• Gene expression

Thus, in young primordia, the unit accumulating PHB transcript is the adaxial leaf domain and adjacent meristem cells

McConnell JR, Emery J, Eshed Y, Bao N, Bowman J, Barton MK - Role of PHABULOSA and PHAVOLUTA in determining radial patterning in shoots

• Gene expression

To visualize the deduced decrease in cell division, we analyzed a mitotic reporter (19, 20) in the gpa1 background. b-Glucuronidase (GUS) staining of both the apical meristems and basal cells of the first leaf was markedly reduced in gpa1 mutants compared with con- trols

Ullah H, Chen JG, Young JC, Im KH, Sussman MR, Jones AM - Modulation of cell proliferation by heterotrimeric G protein in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

GPA1 expression in actively dividing cells

Ullah H, Chen JG, Young JC, Im KH, Sussman MR, Jones AM - Modulation of cell proliferation by heterotrimeric G protein in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

overexpresses the DWF4 gene ... The levels of BAS1 transcripts were ... slightly increased in AOD4 relative to the wild type

Choe S, Fujioka S, Noguchi T, Takatsuto S, Yoshida S, Feldmann KA - Overexpression of DWARF4 in the brassinosteroid biosynthetic pathway results in increased vegetative growth and seed yield in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

The levels of BAS1 transcripts were not detectable in dwf4

Choe S, Fujioka S, Noguchi T, Takatsuto S, Yoshida S, Feldmann KA - Overexpression of DWARF4 in the brassinosteroid biosynthetic pathway results in increased vegetative growth and seed yield in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

The levels of BAS1 transcripts were ... decreased in bri1

Choe S, Fujioka S, Noguchi T, Takatsuto S, Yoshida S, Feldmann KA - Overexpression of DWARF4 in the brassinosteroid biosynthetic pathway results in increased vegetative growth and seed yield in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

DET2 ... transcript levels were increased in the ... bri1 mutant plants

Choe S, Fujioka S, Noguchi T, Takatsuto S, Yoshida S, Feldmann KA - Overexpression of DWARF4 in the brassinosteroid biosynthetic pathway results in increased vegetative growth and seed yield in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

CPD transcript levels were increased in the ... bri1 mutant plants

Choe S, Fujioka S, Noguchi T, Takatsuto S, Yoshida S, Feldmann KA - Overexpression of DWARF4 in the brassinosteroid biosynthetic pathway results in increased vegetative growth and seed yield in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

CPD transcript levels were increased in the dwf4 ... mutant plants

Choe S, Fujioka S, Noguchi T, Takatsuto S, Yoshida S, Feldmann KA - Overexpression of DWARF4 in the brassinosteroid biosynthetic pathway results in increased vegetative growth and seed yield in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

overexpresses the DWF4 gene ... The level of TCH4 was significantly increased in AOD4 compared to both wild-type and dwarf mutants

Choe S, Fujioka S, Noguchi T, Takatsuto S, Yoshida S, Feldmann KA - Overexpression of DWARF4 in the brassinosteroid biosynthetic pathway results in increased vegetative growth and seed yield in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

DET2 ... transcript levels were increased in the dwf4 ... mutant plants

Choe S, Fujioka S, Noguchi T, Takatsuto S, Yoshida S, Feldmann KA - Overexpression of DWARF4 in the brassinosteroid biosynthetic pathway results in increased vegetative growth and seed yield in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

mRNA of REV ... restricted to the adaxial domain as developing primordia

Eshed Y, Baum SF, Perea JV, Bowman JL - Establishment of polarity in lateral organs of plants

• Gene expression

In kan1 kan2 seedlings, initial FIL expression appears normal

Eshed Y, Baum SF, Perea JV, Bowman JL - Establishment of polarity in lateral organs of plants

• Gene expression

REV ... initiates normally in kan1 kan2 leaf primordia

Eshed Y, Baum SF, Perea JV, Bowman JL - Establishment of polarity in lateral organs of plants

• Gene expression

mRNA of ... PHV ... Later expression is confined to the provascular and vascular tissues of leaves

Eshed Y, Baum SF, Perea JV, Bowman JL - Establishment of polarity in lateral organs of plants

• Gene expression

mRNA of ... PHV is localized to the SAM, throughout leaf primordia anlagen

Eshed Y, Baum SF, Perea JV, Bowman JL - Establishment of polarity in lateral organs of plants

• Gene expression

In wild-type, mRNA of FIL is first detected throughout leaf primordia anlagen

Eshed Y, Baum SF, Perea JV, Bowman JL - Establishment of polarity in lateral organs of plants

• Gene expression

mRNA of ... PHV is localized to the SAM

Eshed Y, Baum SF, Perea JV, Bowman JL - Establishment of polarity in lateral organs of plants

• Gene expression

mRNA of REV ... is localized to the SAM

Eshed Y, Baum SF, Perea JV, Bowman JL - Establishment of polarity in lateral organs of plants

• Gene expression

REV ... in kan1 kan2 leaf primordia ... confinement to the adaxial domain is delayed

Eshed Y, Baum SF, Perea JV, Bowman JL - Establishment of polarity in lateral organs of plants

• Gene expression

PHV ... in kan1 kan2 leaf primordia ... confinement to the adaxial domain is delayed

Eshed Y, Baum SF, Perea JV, Bowman JL - Establishment of polarity in lateral organs of plants

• Gene expression

mRNA of ... PHV is ... restricted to the adaxial domain as developing primordia

Eshed Y, Baum SF, Perea JV, Bowman JL - Establishment of polarity in lateral organs of plants

• Gene expression

kan1 kan2 seedlings ... FIL ... domain is reduced in size. In developing leaf primordia, FIL was not detected in more than 2-3 cell layers, even though these primordia have more cell layers than wild-type

Eshed Y, Baum SF, Perea JV, Bowman JL - Establishment of polarity in lateral organs of plants

• Gene expression

PHV, initiates normally in kan1 kan2 leaf primordia

Eshed Y, Baum SF, Perea JV, Bowman JL - Establishment of polarity in lateral organs of plants

• Gene expression

mRNA of REV ... is localized to the SAM, throughout leaf primordia anlagen

Eshed Y, Baum SF, Perea JV, Bowman JL - Establishment of polarity in lateral organs of plants

• Gene expression

kan1 kan2 ... PHV, levels of mRNA are higher

Eshed Y, Baum SF, Perea JV, Bowman JL - Establishment of polarity in lateral organs of plants

• Gene expression

In wild-type, mRNA of FIL ... becomes confined to the abaxial side of the leaf

Eshed Y, Baum SF, Perea JV, Bowman JL - Establishment of polarity in lateral organs of plants

• Gene expression

mRNA of REV ... Later expression is confined to the provascular and vascular tissues of leaves

Eshed Y, Baum SF, Perea JV, Bowman JL - Establishment of polarity in lateral organs of plants

• Gene expression

Expression of ELK4 (AGB1) was found in all tissues tested

Lease KA, Wen J, Li J, Doke JT, Liscum E, Walker JC - A mutant Arabidopsis heterotrimeric G-protein beta subunit affects leaf, flower, and fruit development

• Gene expression

to determine the level of AtCAP1 in distinct Arabidopsis tissues. After RT-PCR, a specific 410-bp fragment was detected in ... cotyledons

Barrero RA, Umeda M, Yamamura S, Uchimiya H - Arabidopsis CAP regulates the actin cytoskeleton necessary for plant cell elongation and division

• Gene expression

to determine the level of AtCAP1 in distinct Arabidopsis tissues. After RT-PCR, a specific 410-bp fragment was detected in ... shoots

Barrero RA, Umeda M, Yamamura S, Uchimiya H - Arabidopsis CAP regulates the actin cytoskeleton necessary for plant cell elongation and division

• Gene expression

to determine the level of AtCAP1 in distinct Arabidopsis tissues. After RT-PCR, a specific 410-bp fragment was detected in ... leaves

Barrero RA, Umeda M, Yamamura S, Uchimiya H - Arabidopsis CAP regulates the actin cytoskeleton necessary for plant cell elongation and division

• Gene expression

The quantitative estimation of the amount of protein accumulation indicated that although the actin level was maintained constant in all plants, the AtCAP1 level increased as the amount of Dex was increased in transgenic plants (Figure 6B). S4 plants accumulated AtCAP1 protein at high levels, whereas S11 plants accumulated AtCAP1 at low levels

Barrero RA, Umeda M, Yamamura S, Uchimiya H - Arabidopsis CAP regulates the actin cytoskeleton necessary for plant cell elongation and division

• Gene expression

We obtained several transgenic lines possessing a chimeric AtCAP1 gene under a GAL4 promoter, which is recognized by the GVG transcription factor upon activation with dexamethasone (Dex) (Aoyama and Chua, 1997) (Figure 6A) . Three independent transgenic plants, S4, S9, and S11, each with a single copy of AtCAP1 (data not shown) and with different expression levels of the AtCAP1 protein (Figure 6B), were chosen for further analysis

Barrero RA, Umeda M, Yamamura S, Uchimiya H - Arabidopsis CAP regulates the actin cytoskeleton necessary for plant cell elongation and division

• Gene expression

To characterize the level of accumulation of the AtCAP1 protein in Arabidopsis tissues, total proteins from suspension-cultured cells, roots, stems, leaves, and flowers were extracted and subjected to protein gel blot analysis as described in Methods. The AtCAP1 antibody specifically recognized a 52-kD protein, which is the predicted molecular mass of the AtCAP1 protein. A detectable level of AtCAP1 protein was found in suspension-cultured cells and roots

Barrero RA, Umeda M, Yamamura S, Uchimiya H - Arabidopsis CAP regulates the actin cytoskeleton necessary for plant cell elongation and division

• Gene expression

AS1 was expressed in all plant tissues examined: roots, stems, leaves, flowers and siliques, with preferential expression in young and immature plant tissues. In the developed rosette and cauline leaves, AS1 had very low expression

Sun Y, Zhou Q, Zhang W, Fu Y, Huang H - ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1, an Arabidopsis gene that is involved in the control of cell differentiation in leaves

• Gene expression

AtCUL1 is expressed in dividing cells throughout the plant (data not shown) and is localized primarily to the nucleus

del Pozo JC, Dharmasiri S, Hellmann H, Walker L, Gray WM, Estelle M - AXR1-ECR1-dependent conjugation of RUB1 to the Arabidopsis Cullin AtCUL1 is required for auxin response

• Gene expression

To further study AXR1 gene expression, we placed the β-glucuronidase reporter gene (GUS) adjacent to the promoter region of the AXR1 gene and introduced this construct into Arabidopsis plants ... Staining also was observed in the ... hydathodes

del Pozo JC, Dharmasiri S, Hellmann H, Walker L, Gray WM, Estelle M - AXR1-ECR1-dependent conjugation of RUB1 to the Arabidopsis Cullin AtCUL1 is required for auxin response

• Gene expression

ECR1 expression was observed in ... shoot meristems

del Pozo JC, Dharmasiri S, Hellmann H, Walker L, Gray WM, Estelle M - AXR1-ECR1-dependent conjugation of RUB1 to the Arabidopsis Cullin AtCUL1 is required for auxin response

• Gene expression

ECR1 RNA was not detected in mature (nongrowing) tissues of the plant, such as in the stem distal to the apex or in fully expanded leaves

del Pozo JC, Dharmasiri S, Hellmann H, Walker L, Gray WM, Estelle M - AXR1-ECR1-dependent conjugation of RUB1 to the Arabidopsis Cullin AtCUL1 is required for auxin response

• Gene expression

To further study AXR1 gene expression, we placed the β-glucuronidase reporter gene (GUS) adjacent to the promoter region of the AXR1 gene and introduced this construct into Arabidopsis plants ... we observed GUS staining in vascular tissues in cotyledons

del Pozo JC, Dharmasiri S, Hellmann H, Walker L, Gray WM, Estelle M - AXR1-ECR1-dependent conjugation of RUB1 to the Arabidopsis Cullin AtCUL1 is required for auxin response

• Gene expression

we examined the pattern of AXR1 accumulation during embryogenesis. High levels of AXR1 protein were found in the zygote and throughout embryogenesis (Figures 1M to 1P and data not shown). A similar distribution of AXR1 RNA was observed (data not shown)

del Pozo JC, Dharmasiri S, Hellmann H, Walker L, Gray WM, Estelle M - AXR1-ECR1-dependent conjugation of RUB1 to the Arabidopsis Cullin AtCUL1 is required for auxin response

• Gene expression

AXR1 protein was found in the ... leaf primordium

del Pozo JC, Dharmasiri S, Hellmann H, Walker L, Gray WM, Estelle M - AXR1-ECR1-dependent conjugation of RUB1 to the Arabidopsis Cullin AtCUL1 is required for auxin response

• Gene expression

To further study AXR1 gene expression, we placed the β-glucuronidase reporter gene (GUS) adjacent to the promoter region of the AXR1 gene and introduced this construct into Arabidopsis plants ... Staining also was observed in the trichomes

del Pozo JC, Dharmasiri S, Hellmann H, Walker L, Gray WM, Estelle M - AXR1-ECR1-dependent conjugation of RUB1 to the Arabidopsis Cullin AtCUL1 is required for auxin response

• Gene expression

To further study AXR1 gene expression, we placed the β-glucuronidase reporter gene (GUS) adjacent to the promoter region of the AXR1 gene and introduced this construct into Arabidopsis plants ... we observed GUS staining in vascular tissues in ... mature leaves

del Pozo JC, Dharmasiri S, Hellmann H, Walker L, Gray WM, Estelle M - AXR1-ECR1-dependent conjugation of RUB1 to the Arabidopsis Cullin AtCUL1 is required for auxin response

• Gene expression

AXR1 RNA accumulated ... in young leaves

del Pozo JC, Dharmasiri S, Hellmann H, Walker L, Gray WM, Estelle M - AXR1-ECR1-dependent conjugation of RUB1 to the Arabidopsis Cullin AtCUL1 is required for auxin response

• Gene expression

AXR1 was found primarily in the nuclei of these cells

del Pozo JC, Dharmasiri S, Hellmann H, Walker L, Gray WM, Estelle M - AXR1-ECR1-dependent conjugation of RUB1 to the Arabidopsis Cullin AtCUL1 is required for auxin response

• Gene expression

AXR1 protein was found in the shoot meristem

del Pozo JC, Dharmasiri S, Hellmann H, Walker L, Gray WM, Estelle M - AXR1-ECR1-dependent conjugation of RUB1 to the Arabidopsis Cullin AtCUL1 is required for auxin response

• Gene expression

AXR1 RNA accumulated in the root and shoot meristems

del Pozo JC, Dharmasiri S, Hellmann H, Walker L, Gray WM, Estelle M - AXR1-ECR1-dependent conjugation of RUB1 to the Arabidopsis Cullin AtCUL1 is required for auxin response

• Gene expression

ECR1 expression was observed in ... embryo

del Pozo JC, Dharmasiri S, Hellmann H, Walker L, Gray WM, Estelle M - AXR1-ECR1-dependent conjugation of RUB1 to the Arabidopsis Cullin AtCUL1 is required for auxin response

• Gene expression

AN gene was expressed ... in ... leaves

Kim GT, Shoda K, Tsuge T, Cho KH, Uchimiya H, Yokoyama R, Nishitani K, Tsukaya H - The ANGUSTIFOLIA gene of Arabidopsis, a plant CtBP gene, regulates leaf-cell expansion, the arrangement of cortical microtubules in leaf cells and expression of a gene involved in cell-wall formation

• Gene expression

MERI5 (Medford et al., 1991), was among the genes that were specifically up- regulated in the an mutant ... We found thatMERI5 was expressed at a 3-fold higher level in the an-1 mutant than in the wild type, as indicated by the microarray analysis (3.3-fold higher by microarray analysis; 3.27-fold higher by RT±PCR analy- sis

Kim GT, Shoda K, Tsuge T, Cho KH, Uchimiya H, Yokoyama R, Nishitani K, Tsukaya H - The ANGUSTIFOLIA gene of Arabidopsis, a plant CtBP gene, regulates leaf-cell expansion, the arrangement of cortical microtubules in leaf cells and expression of a gene involved in cell-wall formation

• Gene expression

AN gene was expressed ... in cotyledons

Kim GT, Shoda K, Tsuge T, Cho KH, Uchimiya H, Yokoyama R, Nishitani K, Tsukaya H - The ANGUSTIFOLIA gene of Arabidopsis, a plant CtBP gene, regulates leaf-cell expansion, the arrangement of cortical microtubules in leaf cells and expression of a gene involved in cell-wall formation

• Gene expression

an ... We found no difference in numbers of MTs ... by moni- toring expression of the TUB6::GFP fusion gene

Kim GT, Shoda K, Tsuge T, Cho KH, Uchimiya H, Yokoyama R, Nishitani K, Tsukaya H - The ANGUSTIFOLIA gene of Arabidopsis, a plant CtBP gene, regulates leaf-cell expansion, the arrangement of cortical microtubules in leaf cells and expression of a gene involved in cell-wall formation

• Gene expression

AN gene to a gene for green fluorescent protein (sGFP::S65T) under the control of the constitutively expressed 35S RNA promoter of cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV ... we detected green fluorescence within the nuclei of cells in stable Arabidopsis transformants

Kim GT, Shoda K, Tsuge T, Cho KH, Uchimiya H, Yokoyama R, Nishitani K, Tsukaya H - The ANGUSTIFOLIA gene of Arabidopsis, a plant CtBP gene, regulates leaf-cell expansion, the arrangement of cortical microtubules in leaf cells and expression of a gene involved in cell-wall formation

• Gene expression

an ... Analysis by RT±PCR on one of the endogenous genes for tubulin, TUB4, indicated that there were no significant differences among the levels of expression of the transcript of this gene

Kim GT, Shoda K, Tsuge T, Cho KH, Uchimiya H, Yokoyama R, Nishitani K, Tsukaya H - The ANGUSTIFOLIA gene of Arabidopsis, a plant CtBP gene, regulates leaf-cell expansion, the arrangement of cortical microtubules in leaf cells and expression of a gene involved in cell-wall formation

• Gene expression

rot3 ... We found no difference in numbers of MTs ... by moni- toring expression of the TUB6::GFP fusion gene

Kim GT, Shoda K, Tsuge T, Cho KH, Uchimiya H, Yokoyama R, Nishitani K, Tsukaya H - The ANGUSTIFOLIA gene of Arabidopsis, a plant CtBP gene, regulates leaf-cell expansion, the arrangement of cortical microtubules in leaf cells and expression of a gene involved in cell-wall formation

• Gene expression

EXGT-A1 ... did not show such differences (not significantly different from the wild type; level of significance, 5%) when we compared an-1 and wild-type plants

Kim GT, Shoda K, Tsuge T, Cho KH, Uchimiya H, Yokoyama R, Nishitani K, Tsukaya H - The ANGUSTIFOLIA gene of Arabidopsis, a plant CtBP gene, regulates leaf-cell expansion, the arrangement of cortical microtubules in leaf cells and expression of a gene involved in cell-wall formation

• Gene expression

rot3 ... Analysis by RT±PCR on one of the endogenous genes for tubulin, TUB4, indicated that there were no significant differences among the levels of expression of the transcript of this gene also

Kim GT, Shoda K, Tsuge T, Cho KH, Uchimiya H, Yokoyama R, Nishitani K, Tsukaya H - The ANGUSTIFOLIA gene of Arabidopsis, a plant CtBP gene, regulates leaf-cell expansion, the arrangement of cortical microtubules in leaf cells and expression of a gene involved in cell-wall formation

• Gene expression

EXGT-A2 ... did not show such differences (not significantly different from the wild type; level of significance, 5%) when we compared an-1 and wild-type plants

Kim GT, Shoda K, Tsuge T, Cho KH, Uchimiya H, Yokoyama R, Nishitani K, Tsukaya H - The ANGUSTIFOLIA gene of Arabidopsis, a plant CtBP gene, regulates leaf-cell expansion, the arrangement of cortical microtubules in leaf cells and expression of a gene involved in cell-wall formation

• Gene expression

we found AN expression in all tissues analyzed, including roots, leaves, stems and flowers

Folkers U, Kirik V, Schöbinger U, Falk S, Krishnakumar S, Pollock MA, Oppenheimer DG, Day I, Reddy AS, Jürgens G, Hülskamp M - The cell morphogenesis gene ANGUSTIFOLIA encodes a CtBP/BARS-like protein and is involved in the control of the microtubule cytoskeleton

• Gene expression

AN ... fusion construct with green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the control of the 35S promotor from the cauliflower mosaic virus ... AN±GFP fusion protein was found ubiquitously in the cytoplasm and the nucleus

Folkers U, Kirik V, Schöbinger U, Falk S, Krishnakumar S, Pollock MA, Oppenheimer DG, Day I, Reddy AS, Jürgens G, Hülskamp M - The cell morphogenesis gene ANGUSTIFOLIA encodes a CtBP/BARS-like protein and is involved in the control of the microtubule cytoskeleton

• Gene expression

AN ... fusion construct with green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the control of the 35S promotor from the cauliflower mosaic virus ... AN±GFP fusion protein was found ... in the cytoplasm and the nucleus

Folkers U, Kirik V, Schöbinger U, Falk S, Krishnakumar S, Pollock MA, Oppenheimer DG, Day I, Reddy AS, Jürgens G, Hülskamp M - The cell morphogenesis gene ANGUSTIFOLIA encodes a CtBP/BARS-like protein and is involved in the control of the microtubule cytoskeleton

• Gene expression

weak expression of SDD1 mRNA was observed in the mesophyll cells of developing rosette leaves and leaf primordia and in all cell layers of the entire shoot apical meristem

Von Groll U, Berger D, Altmann T - The subtilisin-like serine protease SDD1 mediates cell-to-cell signaling during Arabidopsis stomatal development

• Gene expression

In the 35S-SDD1ct-GFP–overexpressing lines, green fluorescence corresponding to GFP was localized to the plasma membrane (Figures 5A to 5D) . Similar fluorescence patterns were observed when leaves were incubated for 1 to 12 h in a buffer at pH 7.0 in an attempt to neutralize the apoplast, because GFP is unstable at low pH (Haseloff et al., 1997) (Figures 5A and 5B). Plasmolysis with 1 M KNO3 confirmed the localization of the GFP fusion protein in association with the plasma membrane (Figure 5B). Because SDD1 has no predicted membrane-spanning domain, the 35S-SDD1ct-GFP fusion protein may be attached to the plasma membrane via additional factors

Von Groll U, Berger D, Altmann T - The subtilisin-like serine protease SDD1 mediates cell-to-cell signaling during Arabidopsis stomatal development

• Gene expression

In paradermal sections of the epidermis, these specialized cell types were identified as meristemoids/GMCs (Ms/GMCs) according to their characteristic shape, as described in Zhao and Sack (1999) (Figure 2D

Von Groll U, Berger D, Altmann T - The subtilisin-like serine protease SDD1 mediates cell-to-cell signaling during Arabidopsis stomatal development

• Gene expression

weak expression of SDD1 mRNA was observed in the mesophyll cells of developing rosette leaves and leaf primordia and in all cell layers of the entire shoot apical meristem

Von Groll U, Berger D, Altmann T - The subtilisin-like serine protease SDD1 mediates cell-to-cell signaling during Arabidopsis stomatal development

• Gene expression

weak expression of SDD1 mRNA was observed in the mesophyll cells of developing rosette leaves and leaf primordia and in all cell layers of the entire shoot apical meristem

Von Groll U, Berger D, Altmann T - The subtilisin-like serine protease SDD1 mediates cell-to-cell signaling during Arabidopsis stomatal development

• Gene expression

In paradermal sections of the epidermis, these specialized cell types were identified as meristemoids/GMCs (Ms/GMCs) according to their characteristic shape, as described in Zhao and Sack (1999) (Figure 2D

Von Groll U, Berger D, Altmann T - The subtilisin-like serine protease SDD1 mediates cell-to-cell signaling during Arabidopsis stomatal development

• Gene expression

no SDD1 mRNA was detected in mature GCs

Von Groll U, Berger D, Altmann T - The subtilisin-like serine protease SDD1 mediates cell-to-cell signaling during Arabidopsis stomatal development

• Gene expression

The results showed that SDD1 was expressed predominantly in specialized cell types in the epidermis of developing leaves and siliques

Von Groll U, Berger D, Altmann T - The subtilisin-like serine protease SDD1 mediates cell-to-cell signaling during Arabidopsis stomatal development

• Gene expression

in the Rbx1-depleted plants, we found a significant higher level of cyclin D3 protein (Fig. 9) whereas cyclin D3 mRNAs accumulated at a similar level than in the Dex non-induced or control plants (data not shown). However, this protein band is detected at ∼46 kDa, whereas cyclin D3 detected in roots is ∼55 kDa (47). Because the antibody was raised against the C-terminal peptide of cyclin D3 (47), the 46-kDa form of the protein must represent the loss of an N-terminal fragment or could be an alternative splice form or a modified form of the protein

Lechner E, Xie D, Grava S, Pigaglio E, Planchais S, Murray JA, Parmentier Y, Mutterer J, Dubreucq B, Shen WH, Genschik P - The AtRbx1 protein is part of plant SCF complexes, and its down-regulation causes severe growth and developmental defects

• Gene expression

RNA blot analyses were performed to investigate AtRbx1 expression, and its mRNAs could be detected in all the plant organs analyzed

Lechner E, Xie D, Grava S, Pigaglio E, Planchais S, Murray JA, Parmentier Y, Mutterer J, Dubreucq B, Shen WH, Genschik P - The AtRbx1 protein is part of plant SCF complexes, and its down-regulation causes severe growth and developmental defects

• Gene expression

To check whether the reductions of AtRbx1 and, to a lesser extent, AtCul1 would affect the pattern of ubiquitin conjugates, the blot was probed with an anti-ubiquitin antibody that recognizes both free and conjugated ubiquitin. Indeed, we noted that several protein bands either disappeared or were strongly reduced in the Dex-induced dsRNA line. The level of free ubiquitin also was reduced in those plants. However, the pattern of most ubiquitin conjugates were still similar between the non-induced and the induced line

Lechner E, Xie D, Grava S, Pigaglio E, Planchais S, Murray JA, Parmentier Y, Mutterer J, Dubreucq B, Shen WH, Genschik P - The AtRbx1 protein is part of plant SCF complexes, and its down-regulation causes severe growth and developmental defects

• Gene expression

To understand the biochemical basis of the severe growth defects observed in some of the dsRNA lines, protein extracts from dsRNA-2 line and control line were blotted with different antibodies (Fig. 9). Interestingly, we noted that AtRbx1-depleted seedlings do not only show a strong reduction of AtRbx1 protein level, but also a decreased AtCul1 protein level. In fact, both Rub1-modified and unmodified AtCul1 protein bands were weaker

Lechner E, Xie D, Grava S, Pigaglio E, Planchais S, Murray JA, Parmentier Y, Mutterer J, Dubreucq B, Shen WH, Genschik P - The AtRbx1 protein is part of plant SCF complexes, and its down-regulation causes severe growth and developmental defects

• Gene expression

diffuse localization of RHL2 throughout the nucleus

Sugimoto-Shirasu K, Stacey NJ, Corsar J, Roberts K, McCann MC - DNA topoisomerase VI is essential for endoreduplication in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

BP was expressed in leaves of the ... yab3-2

Kumaran MK, Bowman JL, Sundaresan V - YABBY polarity genes mediate the repression of KNOX homeobox genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

fil-8 yab3-2 plants, STM expression ... was restricted to the apical meristem

Kumaran MK, Bowman JL, Sundaresan V - YABBY polarity genes mediate the repression of KNOX homeobox genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

expression of STM in the leaves ... not in wild-type plants

Kumaran MK, Bowman JL, Sundaresan V - YABBY polarity genes mediate the repression of KNOX homeobox genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

In a wild-type background, BP::GUS expression is detected in the meristematic zone

Kumaran MK, Bowman JL, Sundaresan V - YABBY polarity genes mediate the repression of KNOX homeobox genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

In seedlings heterozygous for yab3-2 ... we observed GUS expression on either side of the leaf margin in the younger tissues of leaf blades

Kumaran MK, Bowman JL, Sundaresan V - YABBY polarity genes mediate the repression of KNOX homeobox genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

YAB3 ... In seedlings heterozygous for yab3-2, GUS expression was observed in the young leaves

Kumaran MK, Bowman JL, Sundaresan V - YABBY polarity genes mediate the repression of KNOX homeobox genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

YAB3 ... In seedlings heterozygous for yab3-2 ... as the leaf matured, expression was restricted to the abaxial tissues of leaves

Kumaran MK, Bowman JL, Sundaresan V - YABBY polarity genes mediate the repression of KNOX homeobox genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

fil-8 yab3-2 plants, STM expression was excluded from leaf anlagen

Kumaran MK, Bowman JL, Sundaresan V - YABBY polarity genes mediate the repression of KNOX homeobox genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

KNAT2 ... enhanced level of expression was detected in the leaves of ... yab3-2

Kumaran MK, Bowman JL, Sundaresan V - YABBY polarity genes mediate the repression of KNOX homeobox genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

In most of the fil-8 seedlings, BP::GUS was ... prominent in the leaf blade margins

Kumaran MK, Bowman JL, Sundaresan V - YABBY polarity genes mediate the repression of KNOX homeobox genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

In wild-type plants, STM expression was excluded from leaf anlagen

Kumaran MK, Bowman JL, Sundaresan V - YABBY polarity genes mediate the repression of KNOX homeobox genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

As lateral organs emerged from the apical meristem, the expression of BP::GUS was downregulated

Kumaran MK, Bowman JL, Sundaresan V - YABBY polarity genes mediate the repression of KNOX homeobox genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

In some fil-8 seedlings, BP::GUS expression appeared to be restricted to the abaxial domains of the emerging leaves

Kumaran MK, Bowman JL, Sundaresan V - YABBY polarity genes mediate the repression of KNOX homeobox genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

BP was expressed in leaves of the fil-8

Kumaran MK, Bowman JL, Sundaresan V - YABBY polarity genes mediate the repression of KNOX homeobox genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

STM leaf expression was detectable even in fil-8

Kumaran MK, Bowman JL, Sundaresan V - YABBY polarity genes mediate the repression of KNOX homeobox genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

STM leaf expression was detectable even in ... yab3-2 single-mutant plants

Kumaran MK, Bowman JL, Sundaresan V - YABBY polarity genes mediate the repression of KNOX homeobox genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

We detected low-level expression of KNAT2 in the leaves of wild-type plants

Kumaran MK, Bowman JL, Sundaresan V - YABBY polarity genes mediate the repression of KNOX homeobox genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

In most of the fil-8 seedlings, BP::GUS was detectable in emerging leaves

Kumaran MK, Bowman JL, Sundaresan V - YABBY polarity genes mediate the repression of KNOX homeobox genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

stm mutant plants using the YAB3::GUS ... we detected no differences in the YAB gene expression pattern in the cotyledons of stm mutants and wild-type plants

Kumaran MK, Bowman JL, Sundaresan V - YABBY polarity genes mediate the repression of KNOX homeobox genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

BP was expressed in leaves of ... fil-8 yab3-2 double mutants

Kumaran MK, Bowman JL, Sundaresan V - YABBY polarity genes mediate the repression of KNOX homeobox genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

KNAT2 ... enhanced level of expression was detected in the leaves ... fil-8 yab3-2

Kumaran MK, Bowman JL, Sundaresan V - YABBY polarity genes mediate the repression of KNOX homeobox genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

fil-8 yab3-2 plants ... We observed the expression of STM in the leaves of double mutants

Kumaran MK, Bowman JL, Sundaresan V - YABBY polarity genes mediate the repression of KNOX homeobox genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

YAB3 expression also was more intense near the leaf margins (Figure 2B). Similar to the previous results with the fil-5 yab3-1 mutants (Siegfried et al., 1999

Kumaran MK, Bowman JL, Sundaresan V - YABBY polarity genes mediate the repression of KNOX homeobox genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

We also tested, by RT-PCR, the levels of AS1 transcripts in fil yab3 leaves, and these appeared unchanged compared with those in wild-type leaves

Kumaran MK, Bowman JL, Sundaresan V - YABBY polarity genes mediate the repression of KNOX homeobox genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

KNAT2 ... enhanced level of expression was detected in the leaves of ... fil-8

Kumaran MK, Bowman JL, Sundaresan V - YABBY polarity genes mediate the repression of KNOX homeobox genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

In wild-type plants, STM expression was ... being restricted to the apical meristem

Kumaran MK, Bowman JL, Sundaresan V - YABBY polarity genes mediate the repression of KNOX homeobox genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

BP was expressed in leaves ... not in wild-type plants

Kumaran MK, Bowman JL, Sundaresan V - YABBY polarity genes mediate the repression of KNOX homeobox genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

SWP ... A weak signal, sometimes just above the detection level, was also visible at the vegetative shoot apical meristem

Autran D, Jonak C, Belcram K, Beemster GT, Kronenberger J, Grandjean O, Inzé D, Traas J - Cell numbers and leaf development in Arabidopsis: a functional analysis of the STRUWWELPETER gene

• Gene expression

During embryogenesis, SWP mRNA was detected in all cells ... cotyledonar stage

Autran D, Jonak C, Belcram K, Beemster GT, Kronenberger J, Grandjean O, Inzé D, Traas J - Cell numbers and leaf development in Arabidopsis: a functional analysis of the STRUWWELPETER gene

• Gene expression

During embryogenesis, SWP mRNA was detected in all cells, from the early octant ... stage

Autran D, Jonak C, Belcram K, Beemster GT, Kronenberger J, Grandjean O, Inzé D, Traas J - Cell numbers and leaf development in Arabidopsis: a functional analysis of the STRUWWELPETER gene

• Gene expression

swp ... At the level of the young primordia, downregulation of STM ... was systematically observed

Autran D, Jonak C, Belcram K, Beemster GT, Kronenberger J, Grandjean O, Inzé D, Traas J - Cell numbers and leaf development in Arabidopsis: a functional analysis of the STRUWWELPETER gene

• Gene expression

in swp ... At the level of the young primordia ... upregulation of the primordium marker AINTEGUMENTA (ANT) was systematically observed

Autran D, Jonak C, Belcram K, Beemster GT, Kronenberger J, Grandjean O, Inzé D, Traas J - Cell numbers and leaf development in Arabidopsis: a functional analysis of the STRUWWELPETER gene

• Gene expression

SWP was strongly expressed in young leaf primordia

Autran D, Jonak C, Belcram K, Beemster GT, Kronenberger J, Grandjean O, Inzé D, Traas J - Cell numbers and leaf development in Arabidopsis: a functional analysis of the STRUWWELPETER gene

• Gene expression

SWP ... expression was maintained in developing leaves

Autran D, Jonak C, Belcram K, Beemster GT, Kronenberger J, Grandjean O, Inzé D, Traas J - Cell numbers and leaf development in Arabidopsis: a functional analysis of the STRUWWELPETER gene

• Gene expression

KNAT6 ... expression ... in the cotyledons ... bop1-1 seedlings were significantly higher than those in wild- type seedlings

Ha CM, Kim GT, Kim BC, Jun JH, Soh MS, Ueno Y, Machida Y, Tsukaya H, Nam HG - The BLADE-ON-PETIOLE 1 gene controls leaf pattern formation through the modulation of meristematic activity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

KNAT2 ... bop1-1 ... there were no notable differences between the wild-type and mutant SAM regions in the expression

Ha CM, Kim GT, Kim BC, Jun JH, Soh MS, Ueno Y, Machida Y, Tsukaya H, Nam HG - The BLADE-ON-PETIOLE 1 gene controls leaf pattern formation through the modulation of meristematic activity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

KNAT1 ... bop1-1 ... there were no notable differences between the wild-type and mutant SAM regions in the expression

Ha CM, Kim GT, Kim BC, Jun JH, Soh MS, Ueno Y, Machida Y, Tsukaya H, Nam HG - The BLADE-ON-PETIOLE 1 gene controls leaf pattern formation through the modulation of meristematic activity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

Examination of the expression pattern in single leaves of bop1-1 showed that, unlike in wild-type leaves, KNAT1::GUS was detected in the petioles of cotyledons

Ha CM, Kim GT, Kim BC, Jun JH, Soh MS, Ueno Y, Machida Y, Tsukaya H, Nam HG - The BLADE-ON-PETIOLE 1 gene controls leaf pattern formation through the modulation of meristematic activity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

KNAT2 ... expression ... the cotyledons ... of bop1-1 seedlings were significantly higher than those in wild- type seedlings

Ha CM, Kim GT, Kim BC, Jun JH, Soh MS, Ueno Y, Machida Y, Tsukaya H, Nam HG - The BLADE-ON-PETIOLE 1 gene controls leaf pattern formation through the modulation of meristematic activity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

KNAT6 ... expression ... in the ... rosette leaves of bop1-1 seedlings were significantly higher than those in wild- type seedlings

Ha CM, Kim GT, Kim BC, Jun JH, Soh MS, Ueno Y, Machida Y, Tsukaya H, Nam HG - The BLADE-ON-PETIOLE 1 gene controls leaf pattern formation through the modulation of meristematic activity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

bop1-1 ... KNAT2 that showed only a slightly increased expression in the mutant rosette leaf

Ha CM, Kim GT, Kim BC, Jun JH, Soh MS, Ueno Y, Machida Y, Tsukaya H, Nam HG - The BLADE-ON-PETIOLE 1 gene controls leaf pattern formation through the modulation of meristematic activity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

KNAT1 ... expression ... in the ... rosette leaves of bop1-1 seedlings were significantly higher than those in wild- type seedlings

Ha CM, Kim GT, Kim BC, Jun JH, Soh MS, Ueno Y, Machida Y, Tsukaya H, Nam HG - The BLADE-ON-PETIOLE 1 gene controls leaf pattern formation through the modulation of meristematic activity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

bop1-1 ... STM transcription was not detectable in our experiment in the ... rosette leaves

Ha CM, Kim GT, Kim BC, Jun JH, Soh MS, Ueno Y, Machida Y, Tsukaya H, Nam HG - The BLADE-ON-PETIOLE 1 gene controls leaf pattern formation through the modulation of meristematic activity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

KNAT6 ... bop1-1 ... there were no notable differences between the wild-type and mutant SAM regions in the expression

Ha CM, Kim GT, Kim BC, Jun JH, Soh MS, Ueno Y, Machida Y, Tsukaya H, Nam HG - The BLADE-ON-PETIOLE 1 gene controls leaf pattern formation through the modulation of meristematic activity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

in the petioles of cotyledons and rosette leaves ... KNAT1::GUS was misexpressed ... in the bop1- 1

Ha CM, Kim GT, Kim BC, Jun JH, Soh MS, Ueno Y, Machida Y, Tsukaya H, Nam HG - The BLADE-ON-PETIOLE 1 gene controls leaf pattern formation through the modulation of meristematic activity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

Examination of the expression pattern in single leaves of bop1-1 showed that, unlike in wild-type leaves, KNAT1::GUS was detected in the petioles of ... rosette leaves

Ha CM, Kim GT, Kim BC, Jun JH, Soh MS, Ueno Y, Machida Y, Tsukaya H, Nam HG - The BLADE-ON-PETIOLE 1 gene controls leaf pattern formation through the modulation of meristematic activity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

KNAT1 ... expression ... in the cotyledons ... of bop1-1 seedlings were significantly higher than those in wild- type seedlings

Ha CM, Kim GT, Kim BC, Jun JH, Soh MS, Ueno Y, Machida Y, Tsukaya H, Nam HG - The BLADE-ON-PETIOLE 1 gene controls leaf pattern formation through the modulation of meristematic activity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

In bop1-1 plants, KNAT1::GUS was expressed in a pattern similar to that in wild-type plants, but in more expanded regions

Ha CM, Kim GT, Kim BC, Jun JH, Soh MS, Ueno Y, Machida Y, Tsukaya H, Nam HG - The BLADE-ON-PETIOLE 1 gene controls leaf pattern formation through the modulation of meristematic activity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

bop1-1 ... STM transcription was not detectable in our experiment in the ... cotyledons

Ha CM, Kim GT, Kim BC, Jun JH, Soh MS, Ueno Y, Machida Y, Tsukaya H, Nam HG - The BLADE-ON-PETIOLE 1 gene controls leaf pattern formation through the modulation of meristematic activity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

In wild-type plants, high levels of PNH mRNA are observed in developing vascular tissue

Newman KL, Fernandez AG, Barton MK - Regulation of axis determinacy by the Arabidopsis PINHEAD gene

• Gene expression

in situ hybridization experiments were performed on PNH; FIL::PNH transgenic plants using a PNH antisense probe. In addition to the wild-type expression domain, transformants expressed PNH ... near the margins on the abaxial sides of true leaves at levels resembling those on the adaxial sides

Newman KL, Fernandez AG, Barton MK - Regulation of axis determinacy by the Arabidopsis PINHEAD gene

• Gene expression

In wild-type plants ... PNH mRNA are observed ... on the adaxial, but not abaxial, sides of lateral organ primordia

Newman KL, Fernandez AG, Barton MK - Regulation of axis determinacy by the Arabidopsis PINHEAD gene

• Gene expression

in pnh; FIL::PNH embryos ... Similarly, STM was expressed only in its normal domain at the early and middle stages of embryogenesis, but it was expressed in some cotyledon primordia by the bent-cotyledon stage (Figures 8C and 8D). Unlike CUC2 expression, STM expression in cotyledon primordia was detected only after they were morphologically distinguishable as double cotyledons

Newman KL, Fernandez AG, Barton MK - Regulation of axis determinacy by the Arabidopsis PINHEAD gene

• Gene expression

Early in development, the expression of CUC2 in pnh; FIL::PNH embryos was confined to the same region as in the wild type (Figure 8A) . However, by the late heart stage, when cotyledon primordia are easily distinguishable, expression of this gene also was evident at the distal tip of some cotyledon primordia (Figure 8B). At later stages of embryogenesis, staining was seen in a higher proportion of cotyledon primordia

Newman KL, Fernandez AG, Barton MK - Regulation of axis determinacy by the Arabidopsis PINHEAD gene

• Gene expression

In wild-type plants ... PNH mRNA are observed in ... low levels ... throughout the SAM

Newman KL, Fernandez AG, Barton MK - Regulation of axis determinacy by the Arabidopsis PINHEAD gene

• Gene expression

in situ hybridization experiments were performed on PNH; FIL::PNH transgenic plants using a PNH antisense probe. In addition to the wild-type expression domain, transformants expressed PNH on the abaxial sides of cotyledons

Newman KL, Fernandez AG, Barton MK - Regulation of axis determinacy by the Arabidopsis PINHEAD gene

• Gene expression

no change in CYCD2;1 transcript levels was observed, despite the morphological and cytological changes apparent in CYCD3;1 OE plants

Dewitte W, Riou-Khamlichi C, Scofield S, Healy JM, Jacqmard A, Kilby NJ, Murray JA - Altered cell cycle distribution, hyperplasia, and inhibited differentiation in Arabidopsis caused by the D-type cyclin CYCD3

• Gene expression

Levels of Rb mRNA were increased in ... mature rosette leaves (by 3.5-fold ... in CYCD3;1 OE

Dewitte W, Riou-Khamlichi C, Scofield S, Healy JM, Jacqmard A, Kilby NJ, Murray JA - Altered cell cycle distribution, hyperplasia, and inhibited differentiation in Arabidopsis caused by the D-type cyclin CYCD3

• Gene expression

To determine whether the effects of CYCD3;1 on the G1/S transition also resulted in a modification of the spatial localization of cell division, we assessed the overall distribution of cell proliferation using a fusion of GUS to the promoter and destruction box of the mitotic cyclin CYCB1;1 (Colon-Carmona et al., 1999). The CYCB1-GUS fusion protein is present only in cells in G2/M and is destroyed rapidly when cells passed through mitosis, so GUS staining patterns indicate regions containing cells engaged in active cell division. CYCD3;1 OE seedlings carrying this construct stained for GUS over a wider region than wild-type control seedlings (Figure 4C

Dewitte W, Riou-Khamlichi C, Scofield S, Healy JM, Jacqmard A, Kilby NJ, Murray JA - Altered cell cycle distribution, hyperplasia, and inhibited differentiation in Arabidopsis caused by the D-type cyclin CYCD3

• Gene expression

large increase in Rb protein level also was detected in CYCD3;1 OE seedlings

Dewitte W, Riou-Khamlichi C, Scofield S, Healy JM, Jacqmard A, Kilby NJ, Murray JA - Altered cell cycle distribution, hyperplasia, and inhibited differentiation in Arabidopsis caused by the D-type cyclin CYCD3

• Gene expression

All E2F genes were upregulated in CYCD3;1 OE plants

Dewitte W, Riou-Khamlichi C, Scofield S, Healy JM, Jacqmard A, Kilby NJ, Murray JA - Altered cell cycle distribution, hyperplasia, and inhibited differentiation in Arabidopsis caused by the D-type cyclin CYCD3

• Gene expression

We found that CYCD3;1 mRNA is abundant in ... young primordia

Dewitte W, Riou-Khamlichi C, Scofield S, Healy JM, Jacqmard A, Kilby NJ, Murray JA - Altered cell cycle distribution, hyperplasia, and inhibited differentiation in Arabidopsis caused by the D-type cyclin CYCD3

• Gene expression

CYCD3;1 mRNA levels ... were not detected with a gel-based assay in mature rosette leaves

Dewitte W, Riou-Khamlichi C, Scofield S, Healy JM, Jacqmard A, Kilby NJ, Murray JA - Altered cell cycle distribution, hyperplasia, and inhibited differentiation in Arabidopsis caused by the D-type cyclin CYCD3

• Gene expression

We found that CYCD3;1 mRNA ... is present at high levels in young developing leaves

Dewitte W, Riou-Khamlichi C, Scofield S, Healy JM, Jacqmard A, Kilby NJ, Murray JA - Altered cell cycle distribution, hyperplasia, and inhibited differentiation in Arabidopsis caused by the D-type cyclin CYCD3

• Gene expression

CYCD3;1 OE ... SHOOTMERISTEMLESS ... mRNA levels ... were unchanged despite the dramatic morphological differences

Dewitte W, Riou-Khamlichi C, Scofield S, Healy JM, Jacqmard A, Kilby NJ, Murray JA - Altered cell cycle distribution, hyperplasia, and inhibited differentiation in Arabidopsis caused by the D-type cyclin CYCD3

• Gene expression

We found that CYCD3;1 mRNA is abundant ... particularly in peripheral meristem areas

Dewitte W, Riou-Khamlichi C, Scofield S, Healy JM, Jacqmard A, Kilby NJ, Murray JA - Altered cell cycle distribution, hyperplasia, and inhibited differentiation in Arabidopsis caused by the D-type cyclin CYCD3

• Gene expression

Little or no change in CYCD3;2 ... mRNA levels was observed in CYCD3;1 OE seedlings

Dewitte W, Riou-Khamlichi C, Scofield S, Healy JM, Jacqmard A, Kilby NJ, Murray JA - Altered cell cycle distribution, hyperplasia, and inhibited differentiation in Arabidopsis caused by the D-type cyclin CYCD3

• Gene expression

Low CYCD3;1 mRNA levels were detected in wild-type seedlings

Dewitte W, Riou-Khamlichi C, Scofield S, Healy JM, Jacqmard A, Kilby NJ, Murray JA - Altered cell cycle distribution, hyperplasia, and inhibited differentiation in Arabidopsis caused by the D-type cyclin CYCD3

• Gene expression

we found that mRNA levels of ANT were unaffected in the transgenic ... CYCD3;1 OE

Dewitte W, Riou-Khamlichi C, Scofield S, Healy JM, Jacqmard A, Kilby NJ, Murray JA - Altered cell cycle distribution, hyperplasia, and inhibited differentiation in Arabidopsis caused by the D-type cyclin CYCD3

• Gene expression

All E2F genes were upregulated in CYCD3;1 OE plants

Dewitte W, Riou-Khamlichi C, Scofield S, Healy JM, Jacqmard A, Kilby NJ, Murray JA - Altered cell cycle distribution, hyperplasia, and inhibited differentiation in Arabidopsis caused by the D-type cyclin CYCD3

• Gene expression

We found that CYCD3;1 mRNA ... In more mature developing leaves, a strong signal persists in adaxial cells

Dewitte W, Riou-Khamlichi C, Scofield S, Healy JM, Jacqmard A, Kilby NJ, Murray JA - Altered cell cycle distribution, hyperplasia, and inhibited differentiation in Arabidopsis caused by the D-type cyclin CYCD3

• Gene expression

We found that CYCD3;1 mRNA is abundant in the vegetative shoot meristem

Dewitte W, Riou-Khamlichi C, Scofield S, Healy JM, Jacqmard A, Kilby NJ, Murray JA - Altered cell cycle distribution, hyperplasia, and inhibited differentiation in Arabidopsis caused by the D-type cyclin CYCD3

• Gene expression

CYCD3;1 OE ... PHABULOSA ... mRNA levels ... were unchanged despite the dramatic morphological differences

Dewitte W, Riou-Khamlichi C, Scofield S, Healy JM, Jacqmard A, Kilby NJ, Murray JA - Altered cell cycle distribution, hyperplasia, and inhibited differentiation in Arabidopsis caused by the D-type cyclin CYCD3

• Gene expression

Little or no change in ... CYCD3;3 mRNA levels was observed in CYCD3;1 OE seedlings

Dewitte W, Riou-Khamlichi C, Scofield S, Healy JM, Jacqmard A, Kilby NJ, Murray JA - Altered cell cycle distribution, hyperplasia, and inhibited differentiation in Arabidopsis caused by the D-type cyclin CYCD3

• Gene expression

All E2F genes were upregulated in CYCD3;1 OE plants

Dewitte W, Riou-Khamlichi C, Scofield S, Healy JM, Jacqmard A, Kilby NJ, Murray JA - Altered cell cycle distribution, hyperplasia, and inhibited differentiation in Arabidopsis caused by the D-type cyclin CYCD3

• Gene expression

Levels of Rb mRNA were increased ... by 5.7-fold ... in CYCD3;1 OE seedlings

Dewitte W, Riou-Khamlichi C, Scofield S, Healy JM, Jacqmard A, Kilby NJ, Murray JA - Altered cell cycle distribution, hyperplasia, and inhibited differentiation in Arabidopsis caused by the D-type cyclin CYCD3

• Gene expression

In the strong drl1-2 allele with severely reduced DRL1 transcript, a significant upregulation of the AN transcript (up to twofold) was seen

Nelissen H, Clarke JH, De Block M, De Block S, Vanderhaeghen R, Zielinski RE, Dyer T, Lust S, Inzé D, Van Lijsebettens M - DRL1, a homolog of the yeast TOT4/KTI12 protein, has a function in meristem activity and organ growth in plants

• Gene expression

pFIL-GUS ... introgressed into drl1-2 ... marker lines displayed promoter activity ... in the abaxial part of the leaf primordia, excluding vascular bundles

Nelissen H, Clarke JH, De Block M, De Block S, Vanderhaeghen R, Zielinski RE, Dyer T, Lust S, Inzé D, Van Lijsebettens M - DRL1, a homolog of the yeast TOT4/KTI12 protein, has a function in meristem activity and organ growth in plants

• Gene expression

pDRL1-GUS ... longitudinal sections through shoot and inflorescence apices, GUS activity was ... absent in the L3 layer

Nelissen H, Clarke JH, De Block M, De Block S, Vanderhaeghen R, Zielinski RE, Dyer T, Lust S, Inzé D, Van Lijsebettens M - DRL1, a homolog of the yeast TOT4/KTI12 protein, has a function in meristem activity and organ growth in plants

• Gene expression

pDRL1-GUS ... transverse sections of 8- to 12-day-old SAMs (n = 6), staining was ring shaped, indicating GUS activity in the periph- eral zone of the SAM

Nelissen H, Clarke JH, De Block M, De Block S, Vanderhaeghen R, Zielinski RE, Dyer T, Lust S, Inzé D, Van Lijsebettens M - DRL1, a homolog of the yeast TOT4/KTI12 protein, has a function in meristem activity and organ growth in plants

• Gene expression

pDRL1-GUS ... GUS activity was not observed in the mesophyll cells at the leaf tip

Nelissen H, Clarke JH, De Block M, De Block S, Vanderhaeghen R, Zielinski RE, Dyer T, Lust S, Inzé D, Van Lijsebettens M - DRL1, a homolog of the yeast TOT4/KTI12 protein, has a function in meristem activity and organ growth in plants

• Gene expression

pREV(DLUTA)-GUS ... were introgressed into drl1-2 ... marker lines displayed promoter activity in the dorsal part of the leaf primordium, including the vascular bundles

Nelissen H, Clarke JH, De Block M, De Block S, Vanderhaeghen R, Zielinski RE, Dyer T, Lust S, Inzé D, Van Lijsebettens M - DRL1, a homolog of the yeast TOT4/KTI12 protein, has a function in meristem activity and organ growth in plants

• Gene expression

pDRL1-GUS ... In longitudinal sections through shoot and inflorescence apices, GUS activity was most prominent in the L2 layer

Nelissen H, Clarke JH, De Block M, De Block S, Vanderhaeghen R, Zielinski RE, Dyer T, Lust S, Inzé D, Van Lijsebettens M - DRL1, a homolog of the yeast TOT4/KTI12 protein, has a function in meristem activity and organ growth in plants

• Gene expression

pDRL1-GUS ... GUS activity was not observed ... at the ventral mesophyll of the midrib

Nelissen H, Clarke JH, De Block M, De Block S, Vanderhaeghen R, Zielinski RE, Dyer T, Lust S, Inzé D, Van Lijsebettens M - DRL1, a homolog of the yeast TOT4/KTI12 protein, has a function in meristem activity and organ growth in plants

• Gene expression

The pDRL1-GUS pattern coincided with the patchy pat- tern of expression of pcyc1at-GUS during leaf development

Nelissen H, Clarke JH, De Block M, De Block S, Vanderhaeghen R, Zielinski RE, Dyer T, Lust S, Inzé D, Van Lijsebettens M - DRL1, a homolog of the yeast TOT4/KTI12 protein, has a function in meristem activity and organ growth in plants

• Gene expression

pDRL1-GUS ... Homogeneous GUS activity was detected in globular-, heart-, and torpedo-stage embryos

Nelissen H, Clarke JH, De Block M, De Block S, Vanderhaeghen R, Zielinski RE, Dyer T, Lust S, Inzé D, Van Lijsebettens M - DRL1, a homolog of the yeast TOT4/KTI12 protein, has a function in meristem activity and organ growth in plants

• Gene expression

pYAB3-GUS ... introgressed into drl1-2 ... marker lines displayed promoter activity ... in the abaxial part of the leaf primordia, excluding vascular bundles

Nelissen H, Clarke JH, De Block M, De Block S, Vanderhaeghen R, Zielinski RE, Dyer T, Lust S, Inzé D, Van Lijsebettens M - DRL1, a homolog of the yeast TOT4/KTI12 protein, has a function in meristem activity and organ growth in plants

• Gene expression

cotyledons ... mRNA of DRL1 was detected in every plant organ investigated in the wild type

Nelissen H, Clarke JH, De Block M, De Block S, Vanderhaeghen R, Zielinski RE, Dyer T, Lust S, Inzé D, Van Lijsebettens M - DRL1, a homolog of the yeast TOT4/KTI12 protein, has a function in meristem activity and organ growth in plants

• Gene expression

pDRL1-GUS ... In the leaf epidermis, GUS activity was restricted to the stomatal guard cells, which are generated by cell division from epidermal meristemoids after cell division has ceased in the epidermal pavement cells

Nelissen H, Clarke JH, De Block M, De Block S, Vanderhaeghen R, Zielinski RE, Dyer T, Lust S, Inzé D, Van Lijsebettens M - DRL1, a homolog of the yeast TOT4/KTI12 protein, has a function in meristem activity and organ growth in plants

• Gene expression

pDRL1-GUS ... GUS activity was not observed ... at the margin of the distal part of the leaf lamina

Nelissen H, Clarke JH, De Block M, De Block S, Vanderhaeghen R, Zielinski RE, Dyer T, Lust S, Inzé D, Van Lijsebettens M - DRL1, a homolog of the yeast TOT4/KTI12 protein, has a function in meristem activity and organ growth in plants

• Gene expression

pDRL1-GUS ... pattern was identi- cal to the pattern of the dorsal marker lines pPHAB-GUS and pREV-GUS in leaf primordia

Nelissen H, Clarke JH, De Block M, De Block S, Vanderhaeghen R, Zielinski RE, Dyer T, Lust S, Inzé D, Van Lijsebettens M - DRL1, a homolog of the yeast TOT4/KTI12 protein, has a function in meristem activity and organ growth in plants

• Gene expression

pDRL1-GUS ... In longitudinal sections through shoot and inflorescence apices, GUS activity was ... less prominent in the L1 layer

Nelissen H, Clarke JH, De Block M, De Block S, Vanderhaeghen R, Zielinski RE, Dyer T, Lust S, Inzé D, Van Lijsebettens M - DRL1, a homolog of the yeast TOT4/KTI12 protein, has a function in meristem activity and organ growth in plants

• Gene expression

shoot apices ... mRNA of DRL1 was detected in every plant organ investigated in the wild type

Nelissen H, Clarke JH, De Block M, De Block S, Vanderhaeghen R, Zielinski RE, Dyer T, Lust S, Inzé D, Van Lijsebettens M - DRL1, a homolog of the yeast TOT4/KTI12 protein, has a function in meristem activity and organ growth in plants

• Gene expression

pDRL1-GUS ... In older leaf primordia, X-Gluc staining was apparent as a continuous blue linear area, including vascular bundles

Nelissen H, Clarke JH, De Block M, De Block S, Vanderhaeghen R, Zielinski RE, Dyer T, Lust S, Inzé D, Van Lijsebettens M - DRL1, a homolog of the yeast TOT4/KTI12 protein, has a function in meristem activity and organ growth in plants

• Gene expression

pPHAB-GUS ... were introgressed into drl1-2 ... marker lines displayed promoter activity in the dorsal part of the leaf primordium, including the vascular bundles

Nelissen H, Clarke JH, De Block M, De Block S, Vanderhaeghen R, Zielinski RE, Dyer T, Lust S, Inzé D, Van Lijsebettens M - DRL1, a homolog of the yeast TOT4/KTI12 protein, has a function in meristem activity and organ growth in plants

• Gene expression

pDRL1-GUS ... transverse sections of 8- to 12-day-old SAMs ... section more apical to the SAM showed circular ... staining that coincided with the central zone

Nelissen H, Clarke JH, De Block M, De Block S, Vanderhaeghen R, Zielinski RE, Dyer T, Lust S, Inzé D, Van Lijsebettens M - DRL1, a homolog of the yeast TOT4/KTI12 protein, has a function in meristem activity and organ growth in plants

• Gene expression

pDRL1-GUS ... GUS activity also was observed typically around the vascular bun- dles

Nelissen H, Clarke JH, De Block M, De Block S, Vanderhaeghen R, Zielinski RE, Dyer T, Lust S, Inzé D, Van Lijsebettens M - DRL1, a homolog of the yeast TOT4/KTI12 protein, has a function in meristem activity and organ growth in plants

• Gene expression

pDRL1-GUS ... In young leaf primordia, GUS activity occurred as a linear area representing the basal part of the dorsal side

Nelissen H, Clarke JH, De Block M, De Block S, Vanderhaeghen R, Zielinski RE, Dyer T, Lust S, Inzé D, Van Lijsebettens M - DRL1, a homolog of the yeast TOT4/KTI12 protein, has a function in meristem activity and organ growth in plants

• Gene expression

pDRL1-GUS ... In older leaf primordia, X-Gluc staining was apparent as a continuous blue linear area ... the mesophyll be- tween the vascular bundles

Nelissen H, Clarke JH, De Block M, De Block S, Vanderhaeghen R, Zielinski RE, Dyer T, Lust S, Inzé D, Van Lijsebettens M - DRL1, a homolog of the yeast TOT4/KTI12 protein, has a function in meristem activity and organ growth in plants

• Gene expression

pDRL1-GUS ... In transverse serial sec- tions of expanding leaves, GUS activity was patchy: staining was seen in individual palisade and spongy mesophyll paren- chyma cells

Nelissen H, Clarke JH, De Block M, De Block S, Vanderhaeghen R, Zielinski RE, Dyer T, Lust S, Inzé D, Van Lijsebettens M - DRL1, a homolog of the yeast TOT4/KTI12 protein, has a function in meristem activity and organ growth in plants

• Gene expression

leaves ... mRNA of DRL1 was detected in every plant organ investigated in the wild type

Nelissen H, Clarke JH, De Block M, De Block S, Vanderhaeghen R, Zielinski RE, Dyer T, Lust S, Inzé D, Van Lijsebettens M - DRL1, a homolog of the yeast TOT4/KTI12 protein, has a function in meristem activity and organ growth in plants

• Gene expression

We used RNA in situ hybridizations and a β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene for expression analysis of DRN/ESR1. To construct the GUS reporter, the DRN/ESR1 coding region was replaced by the GUS open reading frame in a genomic clone carrying 4.8-kb DNA sequences upstream of the ATG and 1.5-kb DNA sequences downstream of the termination codon ... from the torpedo stage onward, transcripts were found exclusively in the L1 layer of the SAM

Kirch T, Simon R, Grünewald M, Werr W - The DORNROSCHEN/ENHANCER OF SHOOT REGENERATION1 gene of Arabidopsis acts in the control of meristem ccll fate and lateral organ development

• Gene expression

We used RNA in situ hybridizations and a β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene for expression analysis of DRN/ESR1. To construct the GUS reporter, the DRN/ESR1 coding region was replaced by the GUS open reading frame in a genomic clone carrying 4.8-kb DNA sequences upstream of the ATG and 1.5-kb DNA sequences downstream of the termination codon ... When the seedling had germinated, expression was found in young leaf primordia

Kirch T, Simon R, Grünewald M, Werr W - The DORNROSCHEN/ENHANCER OF SHOOT REGENERATION1 gene of Arabidopsis acts in the control of meristem ccll fate and lateral organ development

• Gene expression

We used RNA in situ hybridizations and a β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene for expression analysis of DRN/ESR1. To construct the GUS reporter, the DRN/ESR1 coding region was replaced by the GUS open reading frame in a genomic clone carrying 4.8-kb DNA sequences upstream of the ATG and 1.5-kb DNA sequences downstream of the termination codon ... expression was found ... in the two outer cell layers, L1 and L2, of the SAM

Kirch T, Simon R, Grünewald M, Werr W - The DORNROSCHEN/ENHANCER OF SHOOT REGENERATION1 gene of Arabidopsis acts in the control of meristem ccll fate and lateral organ development

• Gene expression

We used RNA in situ hybridizations and a β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene for expression analysis of DRN/ESR1. To construct the GUS reporter, the DRN/ESR1 coding region was replaced by the GUS open reading frame in a genomic clone carrying 4.8-kb DNA sequences upstream of the ATG and 1.5-kb DNA sequences downstream of the termination codon ... At the early heart stage, transcripts accumulated at high levels in the emerging cotyledons and at lower levels at the position of the prospective SAM (Figure 3B). Expression in cotyledons was only transient

Kirch T, Simon R, Grünewald M, Werr W - The DORNROSCHEN/ENHANCER OF SHOOT REGENERATION1 gene of Arabidopsis acts in the control of meristem ccll fate and lateral organ development

• Gene expression

We used RNA in situ hybridizations and a β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene for expression analysis of DRN/ESR1. To construct the GUS reporter, the DRN/ESR1 coding region was replaced by the GUS open reading frame in a genomic clone carrying 4.8-kb DNA sequences upstream of the ATG and 1.5-kb DNA sequences downstream of the termination codon ... expression was detected first in the proembryo at the four-cell stage (Figure 3A) and throughout the embryo at the globular stage

Kirch T, Simon R, Grünewald M, Werr W - The DORNROSCHEN/ENHANCER OF SHOOT REGENERATION1 gene of Arabidopsis acts in the control of meristem ccll fate and lateral organ development

• Gene expression

we produced transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing a HST-GUS fusion protein under the regulation of the CaMV 35S promoter. hst-1 ... In trichomes ... GUS staining was clearly localized in the vicinity of the nuclear membrane

Bollman KM, Aukerman MJ, Park MY, Hunter C, Berardini TZ, Poethig RS - HASTY, the Arabidopsis ortholog of exportin 5/MSN5, regulates phase change and morphogenesis

• Gene expression

we produced transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing a HST-GUS fusion protein under the regulation of the CaMV 35S promoter. hst-1 plants containing the transgene were phenotypically wild type ... GUS activity was concentrated in the nucleus ... in ... trichomes

Bollman KM, Aukerman MJ, Park MY, Hunter C, Berardini TZ, Poethig RS - HASTY, the Arabidopsis ortholog of exportin 5/MSN5, regulates phase change and morphogenesis

• Gene expression

we produced transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing a HST-GUS fusion protein under the regulation of the CaMV 35S promoter. hst-1 ... In trichomes ... GUS staining ... was always most intense on the apical side of the nucleus

Bollman KM, Aukerman MJ, Park MY, Hunter C, Berardini TZ, Poethig RS - HASTY, the Arabidopsis ortholog of exportin 5/MSN5, regulates phase change and morphogenesis

• Gene expression

HST ... Hybridization of this cDNA to poly(A)-enriched RNA revealed a single 4 kb transcript in leaves

Bollman KM, Aukerman MJ, Park MY, Hunter C, Berardini TZ, Poethig RS - HASTY, the Arabidopsis ortholog of exportin 5/MSN5, regulates phase change and morphogenesis

• Gene expression

we produced transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing a HST-GUS fusion protein under the regulation of the CaMV 35S promoter. hst-1 plants containing the transgene were phenotypically wild type ... GUS activity was concentrated in the nucleus and the surrounding cytoplasm ... in ... trichomes

Bollman KM, Aukerman MJ, Park MY, Hunter C, Berardini TZ, Poethig RS - HASTY, the Arabidopsis ortholog of exportin 5/MSN5, regulates phase change and morphogenesis

• Gene expression

very young primordia of the shoot apical meristem ... expression was considerable ... of ... IGS

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

DR5::GUS ... In the young plants examined ... cotyledons did not show any GUS expression

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

DR5::GUS ... Different patterns of reporter-gene expression were observed in the well-developed 9-week-old plants, characterized by late-formed enlarged leaves (typical of short-day conditions), which continuously showed distinct patterns with GUS activity in the lobes

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

In later developmental stages, in 5- to 9-mm-long leaves of 9-week-old plants, the expression of ... ILL was again similar in the margin and in the lamina

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

A striking difference between the shoot and the root was found in the extent of DR5::GUS expression in their apices. In none of the 100 shoot tips studied could GUS activity be detected in the ... youngest leaves

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

DR5::GUS ... In advanced stages of primordium development ... GUS activity occurred (away from the leaf margin) at the tips of the freely ending veinlets, or at intermediate sites along these smallest blind veinlets

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

DR5::GUS ... In the young plants examined, the two lowest leaves were almost free of GUS activity

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

DR5::GUS ... Different patterns of reporter-gene expression were observed in the well-developed 9-week-old plants, characterized by late-formed enlarged leaves (typical of short-day conditions), which continuously showed distinct patterns with GUS activity ... but nearly no expression in the lamina

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

DR5::GUS ... To ensure that this pattern of GUS expression did not reflect inhibition of penetration or reaction of -glucuronide, incisions were made in 24 leaf primordia at various developmental stages. By exposing the mesophyll to the GUS-staining solution, no induction of GUS expression could be detected along the inner-leaf surfaces (Fig. 1e). This incision control confirmed that no GUS activity existed below the free-auxin-producing tip during this early stage of leaf growth

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

DR5::GUS ... in the upper rosette leaves with slightly serrate edges, the marginal GUS expression was mainly restricted to the lobes

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

DR5::GUS ... At higher microscopic magnification, GUS expression was also observed in some of the bundles (Fig. 2c), indicating auxin flow within these veins

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

DR5::GUS ... In more developed primordia, new sites of GUS activity appeared basipetally along the distal regions of the leaf margin

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

In later developmental stages, in 5- to 9-mm-long leaves of 9-week-old plants, the expression of IGS ... was again similar in the margin and in the lamina

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

in very young primordia of the shoot apical meristem ... CHS expression was considerable

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

DR5::GUS ... Large hydathodes develop in the leaf tip and in the lobes. During the early stages of their differentiation, a center of high free-auxin production could be detected as a concentrated dark-blue GUS stain in the lobe (Fig. 2b, see Fig. 7b-d). From this very active center, a downward gradual decrease in GUS activity was observed from the margin to the differentiating bundle, which is assumed to function as a sink for the auxin flow originating in the primordium tip or in a lobe (Fig. 2b). In more developed hydathodes, the differentiating vessel elements extended towards the lobe margin, usually with more vessel elements in the distal parts of the bundle near the margin (Fig. 2c). Elevated GUS expression persisted in the lobes after xylem maturation in the hydathode (Fig. 3a, b

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

Interestingly, chalcone synthase, the key enzyme for biosynthesis of flavonoids, which are natural inhibitors of basipetal IAA transport and of IAA-degrading peroxidase, was strongly and preferentially expressed in the margin

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

In later developmental stages, in 5- to 9-mm-long leaves of 9-week-old plants, the expression of ... ILL was again similar in the margin and in the lamina

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

In later developmental stages, in 5- to 9-mm-long leaves of 9-week-old plants, the expression of IGS ... was again similar in the margin and in the lamina

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

The largest difference was found in the expression of PIN1, an essential component of the basipetally directed auxin carrier (G�lweiler et al. 1998), with strong expression in the hydathode-containing margin

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

DR5::GUS ... Gradients of decreasing GUS expression could be detected along the margins of early developing primordia, being stronger in the distal than in the proximal parts below

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

CHS expression was more pronounced now in the margin

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

indole-3-glycerol phosphate synthase (IGS), regarded as a key enzyme of the tryptophan-independent IAA synthesis pathway (Normanly and Bartel 1999), was strongly expressed along the hydathode-containing margin

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

DR5::GUS ... Different patterns of reporter-gene expression were observed in the well-developed 9-week-old plants, characterized by late-formed enlarged leaves (typical of short-day conditions), which continuously showed distinct patterns with GUS activity in the ... central part of the midvein

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

DR5::GUS ... Elevated GUS activity also occurred at and above bundle junctions along the primary and secondary veins (1*) as well as along the tertiary veins

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

IAA-amino acid hydrolase (ILL), which catalyzes the hydrolysis of IAA-amino acid conjugates (Normanly and Bartel 1999), was well expressed in ... lamina

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

DR5::GUS ... In advanced stages of primordium development, GUS expression was detected in the mesophyll, in central regions of the lamina

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

The expression of NIT in very young primordia of the shoot apical meristem (Fig. 4a) was clearly stronger than in leaflets of 9-week-old plants

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

The largest difference was found in the expression of PIN1, an essential component of the basipetally directed auxin carrier ... which was nearly absent in the lamina

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

DR5::GUS ... In young leaf primordia, i.e., in the second or third leaf (counted from the shoot apex), relatively low GUS activity was detected in the tip

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

CHS expression was ... nearly absent in the lamina

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

DR5::GUS ... GUS activity was visible at the base of some of the trichomes (Fig. 2a, g). During leaf primordium development, the trichomes showing GUS expression appeared in different sites along the primordium, near to, or far away from the margins. Those developing along the margins showed stronger GUS activity than those in central regions of the lamina

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

DR5::GUS ... In advanced stages of primordium development, GUS expression was detected ... at the sites of small vein formation (usually tertiary veins)

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

Nitrilase (NIT 1-3), a key enzyme in the tryptophan-dependent IAA synthesis pathway (Hillebrand et al. 1998; Normanly and Bartel 1999), was equally expressed in ... lamina

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

In young leaf primordia 2-5 mm long (compare Fig. 1g, i), indole-3-glycerol phosphate synthase (IGS), regarded as a key enzyme of the tryptophan-independent IAA synthesis pathway (Normanly and Bartel 1999), was ... expressed ... strongly in the lamina

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

IAA-amino acid hydrolase (ILL), which catalyzes the hydrolysis of IAA-amino acid conjugates (Normanly and Bartel 1999), was well expressed in ... margin

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

DR5::GUS ... Different patterns of reporter-gene expression were observed in the well-developed 9-week-old plants, characterized by late-formed enlarged leaves (typical of short-day conditions), which continuously showed distinct patterns with GUS activity in the ... margin

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

DR5::GUS ... In the lowest rosette leaves, characterized by rounded blades, GUS activity had spread evenly downward from the tip

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

DR5::GUS ... Later on, the GUS activity boosted and appeared as a dark blue point in the tip (Fig. 1f, see Fig. 7b). At this stage, no GUS expression could be detected in the leaf tissue below the free-auxin-producing tip of the young primordium, either along the margins, or in the lamina

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

Interestingly, chalcone synthase, the key enzyme for biosynthesis of flavonoids, which are natural inhibitors of basipetal IAA transport and of IAA-degrading peroxidase ... was ... weakly expressed in the lamina of the primordia

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

In the youngest shoot region, a typical strong DR5::GUS expression was first detected in the stipules

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

in very young primordia of the shoot apical meristem ... expression was considerable ... of ... PIN

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

A striking difference between the shoot and the root was found in the extent of DR5::GUS expression in their apices. In none of the 100 shoot tips studied could GUS activity be detected in the shoot promeristem

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

in very young primordia of the shoot apical meristem ... expression was considerable ... of ILL

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

Nitrilase (NIT 1-3), a key enzyme in the tryptophan-dependent IAA synthesis pathway (Hillebrand et al. 1998; Normanly and Bartel 1999), was equally expressed in ... margin

Aloni R, Schwalm K, Langhans M, Ullrich CI - Gradual shifts in sites of free-auxin production during leaf-primordium development and their role in vascular differentiation and leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

in-frame fusion between RCE1 and the β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene ... In leaves, particularly strong staining was observed in the ... trichomes

Dharmasiri S, Dharmasiri N, Hellmann H, Estelle M - The RUB/Nedd8 conjugation pathway is required for early development in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

we examined the status of CUL1 in wild-type and rce1-1 plants by immunoblotting. Figure 3A shows that the level of RUB–CUL1 in the mutant is significantly reduced compared with Ler plants

Dharmasiri S, Dharmasiri N, Hellmann H, Estelle M - The RUB/Nedd8 conjugation pathway is required for early development in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

in-frame fusion between RCE1 and the β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene ... intense staining was observed at the shoot apex

Dharmasiri S, Dharmasiri N, Hellmann H, Estelle M - The RUB/Nedd8 conjugation pathway is required for early development in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

in-frame fusion between RCE1 and the β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene ... In leaves, particularly strong staining was observed in the veins

Dharmasiri S, Dharmasiri N, Hellmann H, Estelle M - The RUB/Nedd8 conjugation pathway is required for early development in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

NULL

Dharmasiri S, Dharmasiri N, Hellmann H, Estelle M - The RUB/Nedd8 conjugation pathway is required for early development in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

To investigate the pattern of RCE1 expression, we first examined expression in various plant tissues by RNA blotting. As indicated in Figure 1A, RCE1 RNA accumulates to substantial levels in all plant organs examined

Dharmasiri S, Dharmasiri N, Hellmann H, Estelle M - The RUB/Nedd8 conjugation pathway is required for early development in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

jaw-D ... TCP gene with strong similarity to CIN was also downregulated

Palatnik JF, Allen E, Wu X, Schommer C, Schwab R, Carrington JC, Weigel D - Control of leaf morphogenesis by microRNAs

• Gene expression

jaw-D ... TCP gene with strong similarity to CIN was also downregulated

Palatnik JF, Allen E, Wu X, Schommer C, Schwab R, Carrington JC, Weigel D - Control of leaf morphogenesis by microRNAs

• Gene expression

During the torpedo stage, TCP4 RNA becomes localized to subepidermal regions of the cotyledons, with highest levels near the tip (e–g). h, A similar pattern as in cotyledons is seen in young leaves of a wild-type seedling

Palatnik JF, Allen E, Wu X, Schommer C, Schwab R, Carrington JC, Weigel D - Control of leaf morphogenesis by microRNAs

• Gene expression

TCP4 RNA becomes gradually restricted to emerging cotyledons during the heart stage

Palatnik JF, Allen E, Wu X, Schommer C, Schwab R, Carrington JC, Weigel D - Control of leaf morphogenesis by microRNAs

• Gene expression

TCP4 mRNA in wild-type embryos ... initially uniform pattern during the globular stage

Palatnik JF, Allen E, Wu X, Schommer C, Schwab R, Carrington JC, Weigel D - Control of leaf morphogenesis by microRNAs

• Gene expression

jaw-D ... TCP gene with strong similarity to CIN was also downregulated

Palatnik JF, Allen E, Wu X, Schommer C, Schwab R, Carrington JC, Weigel D - Control of leaf morphogenesis by microRNAs

• Gene expression

Using RT–qPCR, we found that the MIR-JAW precursor was more abundant in the shoot apex, inflorescence and siliques

Palatnik JF, Allen E, Wu X, Schommer C, Schwab R, Carrington JC, Weigel D - Control of leaf morphogenesis by microRNAs

• Gene expression

jaw-D ... TCP gene with strong similarity to CIN was also downregulated

Palatnik JF, Allen E, Wu X, Schommer C, Schwab R, Carrington JC, Weigel D - Control of leaf morphogenesis by microRNAs

• Gene expression

jaw-D ... TCP gene with strong similarity to CIN was also downregulated

Palatnik JF, Allen E, Wu X, Schommer C, Schwab R, Carrington JC, Weigel D - Control of leaf morphogenesis by microRNAs

• Gene expression

Using RT–qPCR, we found that the MIR-JAW precursor was ... elevated in jaw-D mutants (Fig. 3b), mimicking the differential accumulation of the processed miRNA in different tissues and in jaw-D

Palatnik JF, Allen E, Wu X, Schommer C, Schwab R, Carrington JC, Weigel D - Control of leaf morphogenesis by microRNAs

• Gene expression

During the torpedo stage, TCP4 RNA becomes localized to subepidermal regions of the cotyledons, with highest levels near the tip

Palatnik JF, Allen E, Wu X, Schommer C, Schwab R, Carrington JC, Weigel D - Control of leaf morphogenesis by microRNAs

• Gene expression

plants expressing an ARGOS– β-glucuronidase(GUS) ... GUS expression was detected in cotyledon vascular bundles

Hu Y, Xie Q, Chua NH - The Arabidopsis auxin-inducible gene ARGOS controls lateral organ size

• Gene expression

ARGOS induction by NAA still was observed in ... aux1-7

Hu Y, Xie Q, Chua NH - The Arabidopsis auxin-inducible gene ARGOS controls lateral organ size

• Gene expression

ARGOS was expressed at low levels in ... young rosette leaves

Hu Y, Xie Q, Chua NH - The Arabidopsis auxin-inducible gene ARGOS controls lateral organ size

• Gene expression

ARGOS induction by NAA still was observed in axr2

Hu Y, Xie Q, Chua NH - The Arabidopsis auxin-inducible gene ARGOS controls lateral organ size

• Gene expression

de- creased levels of ARGOS expression were observed in ... axr1-12 ... and the induction of ARGOS by NAA was ... abolished completely in axr1- 12

Hu Y, Xie Q, Chua NH - The Arabidopsis auxin-inducible gene ARGOS controls lateral organ size

• Gene expression

ARGOS induction by NAA still was observed in ... tir1-3

Hu Y, Xie Q, Chua NH - The Arabidopsis auxin-inducible gene ARGOS controls lateral organ size

• Gene expression

plants expressing an ARGOS– β-glucuronidase(GUS) ... 12-day-old seedlings, GUS staining was observed ... juvenile leaf blades

Hu Y, Xie Q, Chua NH - The Arabidopsis auxin-inducible gene ARGOS controls lateral organ size

• Gene expression

we investigated the cellular localization of ARGOS in onion epi- dermal cells using 35S-ARGOS-GFP and 35S-GFP-ARGOS fusion genes ... ARGOS is distributed in the nucleus

Hu Y, Xie Q, Chua NH - The Arabidopsis auxin-inducible gene ARGOS controls lateral organ size

• Gene expression

ARGOS induction by NAA still was observed in ... iaa28

Hu Y, Xie Q, Chua NH - The Arabidopsis auxin-inducible gene ARGOS controls lateral organ size

• Gene expression

we investigated the cellular localization of ARGOS in onion epi- dermal cells using 35S-ARGOS-GFP and 35S-GFP-ARGOS fusion genes ... ARGOS is distributed in the ... cytosol

Hu Y, Xie Q, Chua NH - The Arabidopsis auxin-inducible gene ARGOS controls lateral organ size

• Gene expression

de- creased levels of ARGOS expression were observed in axr1-3 ... and the induction of ARGOS by NAA was attenu- ated in the weak allele axr1-3

Hu Y, Xie Q, Chua NH - The Arabidopsis auxin-inducible gene ARGOS controls lateral organ size

• Gene expression

plants expressing an ARGOS– β-glucuronidase(GUS) ... In 12-day-old seedlings, GUS staining was observed ... juvenile leaf ... petioles

Hu Y, Xie Q, Chua NH - The Arabidopsis auxin-inducible gene ARGOS controls lateral organ size

• Gene expression

ANT expression persisted in rosette leaves of 40-day-old 35S-ARGOS plants

Hu Y, Xie Q, Chua NH - The Arabidopsis auxin-inducible gene ARGOS controls lateral organ size

• Gene expression

plants expressing an ARGOS– β-glucuronidase(GUS) ... In 12-day-old seedlings, GUS staining was observed clearly in leaf primordia

Hu Y, Xie Q, Chua NH - The Arabidopsis auxin-inducible gene ARGOS controls lateral organ size

• Gene expression

One gene, which is identical to the putative gene At3g59900 in the Arabidopsis database, was found to be highly induced by NAA (data not shown). We designated this gene ARGOS (for Auxin-Regulated Gene involved in Organ Size; see below). RNA gel blot analysis confirmed the auxin induction of ARGOS in both roots and aerial parts (Figure 1B

Hu Y, Xie Q, Chua NH - The Arabidopsis auxin-inducible gene ARGOS controls lateral organ size

• Gene expression

ARGOS ... was almost undetectable in mature leaves

Hu Y, Xie Q, Chua NH - The Arabidopsis auxin-inducible gene ARGOS controls lateral organ size

• Gene expression

prolonged expression of CycD3;1 also was detected in 35S-ARGOS leaves

Hu Y, Xie Q, Chua NH - The Arabidopsis auxin-inducible gene ARGOS controls lateral organ size

• Gene expression

AtGRF7 ... predominantly expressed in shoot tips and flowers

Kim JH, Choi D, Kende H - The AtGRF family of putative transcription factors is involved in leaf and cotyledon growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

AtGRF1 through AtGRF6 ... expression was low in mature stems and leaves

Kim JH, Choi D, Kende H - The AtGRF family of putative transcription factors is involved in leaf and cotyledon growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

Leaf tissues were stained ... over the whole leaf area in ... AtGRF2::GUS

Kim JH, Choi D, Kende H - The AtGRF family of putative transcription factors is involved in leaf and cotyledon growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

AtGRF1 through AtGRF6 genes were strongly expressed in roots, upper stems, and shoot tips containing the shoot apical meristem (SAM) and flower buds, as well as in mature flowers

Kim JH, Choi D, Kende H - The AtGRF family of putative transcription factors is involved in leaf and cotyledon growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

The SAM tissues were also stained in seedlings and at the reproductive stage of AtGRF3::GUS plants

Kim JH, Choi D, Kende H - The AtGRF family of putative transcription factors is involved in leaf and cotyledon growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

AtGRF1 through AtGRF6 ... expression was low in mature stems and leaves

Kim JH, Choi D, Kende H - The AtGRF family of putative transcription factors is involved in leaf and cotyledon growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

AtGRF1 through AtGRF6 genes were strongly expressed in roots, upper stems, and shoot tips containing the shoot apical meristem (SAM) and flower buds, as well as in mature flowers

Kim JH, Choi D, Kende H - The AtGRF family of putative transcription factors is involved in leaf and cotyledon growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

AtGRF1 through AtGRF6 genes were strongly expressed in roots, upper stems, and shoot tips containing the shoot apical meristem (SAM) and flower buds, as well as in mature flowers

Kim JH, Choi D, Kende H - The AtGRF family of putative transcription factors is involved in leaf and cotyledon growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

AtGRF1 through AtGRF6 genes were strongly expressed in roots, upper stems, and shoot tips containing the shoot apical meristem (SAM) and flower buds, as well as in mature flowers

Kim JH, Choi D, Kende H - The AtGRF family of putative transcription factors is involved in leaf and cotyledon growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

AtGRF1 through AtGRF6 ... expression was low in mature stems and leaves

Kim JH, Choi D, Kende H - The AtGRF family of putative transcription factors is involved in leaf and cotyledon growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

AtGRF1 through AtGRF6 ... expression was low in mature stems and leaves

Kim JH, Choi D, Kende H - The AtGRF family of putative transcription factors is involved in leaf and cotyledon growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

AtGRF1 through AtGRF6 genes were strongly expressed in roots, upper stems, and shoot tips containing the shoot apical meristem (SAM) and flower buds, as well as in mature flowers

Kim JH, Choi D, Kende H - The AtGRF family of putative transcription factors is involved in leaf and cotyledon growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

The transcript of AtGRF9 was detected in the SAM and flower buds only after a prolonged exposure of the PhosphoImager screen (data not shown

Kim JH, Choi D, Kende H - The AtGRF family of putative transcription factors is involved in leaf and cotyledon growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

Staining in leaves of AtGRF3::GUS plants was restricted to the very early stage of emerging leaves (Figure 3l), after which no staining in leaves was visible anymore (data not shown), reflecting the low transcript level of AtGRF3 in leaf tissues on an RNA gel blot

Kim JH, Choi D, Kende H - The AtGRF family of putative transcription factors is involved in leaf and cotyledon growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

AtGRF1 through AtGRF6 genes were strongly expressed in roots, upper stems, and shoot tips containing the shoot apical meristem (SAM) and flower buds, as well as in mature flowers

Kim JH, Choi D, Kende H - The AtGRF family of putative transcription factors is involved in leaf and cotyledon growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

AtGRF1 through AtGRF6 ... expression was low in mature stems and leaves

Kim JH, Choi D, Kende H - The AtGRF family of putative transcription factors is involved in leaf and cotyledon growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

AtGRF8 ... predominantly expressed in shoot tips and flowers

Kim JH, Choi D, Kende H - The AtGRF family of putative transcription factors is involved in leaf and cotyledon growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

Leaf tissues were stained along the veins ... in AtGRF1::GUS

Kim JH, Choi D, Kende H - The AtGRF family of putative transcription factors is involved in leaf and cotyledon growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

AtGRF1 through AtGRF6 ... expression was low in mature stems and leaves

Kim JH, Choi D, Kende H - The AtGRF family of putative transcription factors is involved in leaf and cotyledon growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

as1 35S:AS2 ... We detected no change in BP transcript levels in these plants

Lin WC, Shuai B, Springer PS - The Arabidopsis LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-domain gene ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 functions in the repression of KNOX gene expression and in adaxial-abaxial patterning

• Gene expression

Transcript levels of ... YAB3 ... were reduced in 35S:AS2 shoots

Lin WC, Shuai B, Springer PS - The Arabidopsis LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-domain gene ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 functions in the repression of KNOX gene expression and in adaxial-abaxial patterning

• Gene expression

AS2 transcript levels were increased slightly in ... fil-8 yab3-2 double mutants

Lin WC, Shuai B, Springer PS - The Arabidopsis LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-domain gene ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 functions in the repression of KNOX gene expression and in adaxial-abaxial patterning

• Gene expression

PHB in as2-1 mutants. No significant differences in the transcript levels

Lin WC, Shuai B, Springer PS - The Arabidopsis LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-domain gene ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 functions in the repression of KNOX gene expression and in adaxial-abaxial patterning

• Gene expression

AS2 transcript levels were increased slightly in ... phb-1d mutants

Lin WC, Shuai B, Springer PS - The Arabidopsis LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-domain gene ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 functions in the repression of KNOX gene expression and in adaxial-abaxial patterning

• Gene expression

35S:AS2 ... Higher levels of WUS transcripts also were detected in class-IIB seedlings

Lin WC, Shuai B, Springer PS - The Arabidopsis LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-domain gene ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 functions in the repression of KNOX gene expression and in adaxial-abaxial patterning

• Gene expression

35S:AS2 ... reduction in ... KNAT6 transcript levels was observed in ... transgenic seedlings

Lin WC, Shuai B, Springer PS - The Arabidopsis LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-domain gene ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 functions in the repression of KNOX gene expression and in adaxial-abaxial patterning

• Gene expression

In kan1 kan2 double mutants, AS2 transcripts were de- tected at wild-type levels

Lin WC, Shuai B, Springer PS - The Arabidopsis LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-domain gene ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 functions in the repression of KNOX gene expression and in adaxial-abaxial patterning

• Gene expression

FIL ... in as2-1 mutants. No significant differences in the transcript levels

Lin WC, Shuai B, Springer PS - The Arabidopsis LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-domain gene ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 functions in the repression of KNOX gene expression and in adaxial-abaxial patterning

• Gene expression

AS1 transcripts were detected in both petioles and blades of rosette leaves and appeared to be slightly more abundant in blade tissue, whereas AS2 transcripts were more abun- dant in petioles

Lin WC, Shuai B, Springer PS - The Arabidopsis LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-domain gene ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 functions in the repression of KNOX gene expression and in adaxial-abaxial patterning

• Gene expression

35S:AS2 ... reduction in KNAT2 ... transcript levels was observed in ... transgenic seedlings

Lin WC, Shuai B, Springer PS - The Arabidopsis LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-domain gene ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 functions in the repression of KNOX gene expression and in adaxial-abaxial patterning

• Gene expression

KAN2 ... in as2-1 mutants. No significant differences in the transcript levels

Lin WC, Shuai B, Springer PS - The Arabidopsis LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-domain gene ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 functions in the repression of KNOX gene expression and in adaxial-abaxial patterning

• Gene expression

KAN2 transcripts were detectable in 35S:AS2 shoots, but at reduced levels compared with those in the wild type

Lin WC, Shuai B, Springer PS - The Arabidopsis LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-domain gene ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 functions in the repression of KNOX gene expression and in adaxial-abaxial patterning

• Gene expression

KAN1 ... in as2-1 mutants. No significant differences in the transcript levels

Lin WC, Shuai B, Springer PS - The Arabidopsis LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-domain gene ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 functions in the repression of KNOX gene expression and in adaxial-abaxial patterning

• Gene expression

AS1 transcripts were detected in all tissues tested

Lin WC, Shuai B, Springer PS - The Arabidopsis LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-domain gene ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 functions in the repression of KNOX gene expression and in adaxial-abaxial patterning

• Gene expression

YAB3 ... in as2-1 mutants. No significant differences in the transcript levels

Lin WC, Shuai B, Springer PS - The Arabidopsis LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-domain gene ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 functions in the repression of KNOX gene expression and in adaxial-abaxial patterning

• Gene expression

LOB transcripts were not detected in rosette leaf blades

Lin WC, Shuai B, Springer PS - The Arabidopsis LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-domain gene ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 functions in the repression of KNOX gene expression and in adaxial-abaxial patterning

• Gene expression

Transcript levels of FIL ... were reduced in 35S:AS2 shoots

Lin WC, Shuai B, Springer PS - The Arabidopsis LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-domain gene ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 functions in the repression of KNOX gene expression and in adaxial-abaxial patterning

• Gene expression

35S:AS2 ... reduction in ... BP transcript levels

Lin WC, Shuai B, Springer PS - The Arabidopsis LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-domain gene ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 functions in the repression of KNOX gene expression and in adaxial-abaxial patterning

• Gene expression

KAN1 ... transcripts were detectable in 35S:AS2 shoots, but at reduced levels compared with those in the wild type

Lin WC, Shuai B, Springer PS - The Arabidopsis LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-domain gene ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 functions in the repression of KNOX gene expression and in adaxial-abaxial patterning

• Gene expression

35S:AS2 plants ... KNAT2:GUS expression ... was reduced in some class- I seedlings and all class-II individuals

Lin WC, Shuai B, Springer PS - The Arabidopsis LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-domain gene ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 functions in the repression of KNOX gene expression and in adaxial-abaxial patterning

• Gene expression

LOB transcripts ... were detected in petioles

Lin WC, Shuai B, Springer PS - The Arabidopsis LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-domain gene ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 functions in the repression of KNOX gene expression and in adaxial-abaxial patterning

• Gene expression

35S:AS2 ... STM transcript levels ... were increased in class-IIB seedlings

Lin WC, Shuai B, Springer PS - The Arabidopsis LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-domain gene ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 functions in the repression of KNOX gene expression and in adaxial-abaxial patterning

• Gene expression

AS1 transcripts were detected in both petioles and blades of rosette leaves and appeared to be slightly more abundant in blade tissue, whereas AS2 transcripts were more abun- dant in petioles

Lin WC, Shuai B, Springer PS - The Arabidopsis LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-domain gene ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 functions in the repression of KNOX gene expression and in adaxial-abaxial patterning

• Gene expression

the majority of class-I 35S:AS2 plants retained high lev- els of KNAT2:GUS expression, similar to the parental line

Lin WC, Shuai B, Springer PS - The Arabidopsis LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-domain gene ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 functions in the repression of KNOX gene expression and in adaxial-abaxial patterning

• Gene expression

AS2 transcripts ... were detected in cotyledons

Lin WC, Shuai B, Springer PS - The Arabidopsis LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-domain gene ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 functions in the repression of KNOX gene expression and in adaxial-abaxial patterning

• Gene expression

AS2 transcripts were detected in rosette leaves, where they were more abundant in the petiole than in the blade

Lin WC, Shuai B, Springer PS - The Arabidopsis LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-domain gene ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 functions in the repression of KNOX gene expression and in adaxial-abaxial patterning

• Gene expression

BP:GUS background, all 102 seedlings carrying the 35S:AS2 transgene showed a reduction in staining intensity relative to the wild type

Lin WC, Shuai B, Springer PS - The Arabidopsis LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-domain gene ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 functions in the repression of KNOX gene expression and in adaxial-abaxial patterning

• Gene expression

transcript levels of PHB, a gene that regulates adaxial identity, were increased in 35S:AS2 shoots of both classes, with the more severe class-IIB seedlings showing higher levels than class-I seedlings

Lin WC, Shuai B, Springer PS - The Arabidopsis LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-domain gene ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 functions in the repression of KNOX gene expression and in adaxial-abaxial patterning

• Gene expression

AS2 transcripts were detected in most tissues tested

Lin WC, Shuai B, Springer PS - The Arabidopsis LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-domain gene ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 functions in the repression of KNOX gene expression and in adaxial-abaxial patterning

• Gene expression

At 2 DAG, ARR5:GUS activity was completely absent in the shoot apical meristem (SAM) of 35S:AtCKX1 transgenic plants

Werner T, Motyka V, Laucou V, Smets R, Van Onckelen H, Schmülling T - Cytokinin-deficient transgenic Arabidopsis plants show multiple developmental alterations indicating opposite functions of cytokinins in the regulation of shoot and root meristem activity

• Gene expression

AtCKX5:GUS ... was detected in the rib zone of the axillary shoot meristems

Werner T, Motyka V, Laucou V, Smets R, Van Onckelen H, Schmülling T - Cytokinin-deficient transgenic Arabidopsis plants show multiple developmental alterations indicating opposite functions of cytokinins in the regulation of shoot and root meristem activity

• Gene expression

AtCKX4:GUS ... GUS staining was present in epidermal pavement cells

Werner T, Motyka V, Laucou V, Smets R, Van Onckelen H, Schmülling T - Cytokinin-deficient transgenic Arabidopsis plants show multiple developmental alterations indicating opposite functions of cytokinins in the regulation of shoot and root meristem activity

• Gene expression

AtCKX6:GUS ... the AtCKX6 promoter was active during the maturation phase of stomatal guard cells but not in fully mature stomata in older leaves

Werner T, Motyka V, Laucou V, Smets R, Van Onckelen H, Schmülling T - Cytokinin-deficient transgenic Arabidopsis plants show multiple developmental alterations indicating opposite functions of cytokinins in the regulation of shoot and root meristem activity

• Gene expression

epidermal leaf cells of plants expressing high levels of AtCKX3-GFP accu- mulated fluorescence in the large central vacuole

Werner T, Motyka V, Laucou V, Smets R, Van Onckelen H, Schmülling T - Cytokinin-deficient transgenic Arabidopsis plants show multiple developmental alterations indicating opposite functions of cytokinins in the regulation of shoot and root meristem activity

• Gene expression

AtCKX6:GUS expression ... was undetectable in fully expanded leaves

Werner T, Motyka V, Laucou V, Smets R, Van Onckelen H, Schmülling T - Cytokinin-deficient transgenic Arabidopsis plants show multiple developmental alterations indicating opposite functions of cytokinins in the regulation of shoot and root meristem activity

• Gene expression

AtCKX1-GFP ... was not detected in vacuoles. However, AtCKX1-GFP fluorescence was detected in vacuoles of mainly smaller root cells, such as those of the vascular cylinder (Figure 10K). This finding suggests that vacuolar targeting of AtCKX1-GFP might be specific to certain cell types, or, more likely, that the AtCKX1-GFP expression level was lower and thus stained only smaller vacuoles. To- gether, these data support the conclusion that the final destina- tion of AtCKX1 and AtCKX3 is the vacuole

Werner T, Motyka V, Laucou V, Smets R, Van Onckelen H, Schmülling T - Cytokinin-deficient transgenic Arabidopsis plants show multiple developmental alterations indicating opposite functions of cytokinins in the regulation of shoot and root meristem activity

• Gene expression

ARR5:GUS activity was reduced strongly during various developmental stages of 35S:AtCKX1 plants

Werner T, Motyka V, Laucou V, Smets R, Van Onckelen H, Schmülling T - Cytokinin-deficient transgenic Arabidopsis plants show multiple developmental alterations indicating opposite functions of cytokinins in the regulation of shoot and root meristem activity

• Gene expression

Very strong AtCKX4:GUS expression was detected in stipules

Werner T, Motyka V, Laucou V, Smets R, Van Onckelen H, Schmülling T - Cytokinin-deficient transgenic Arabidopsis plants show multiple developmental alterations indicating opposite functions of cytokinins in the regulation of shoot and root meristem activity

• Gene expression

In the shoot, AtCKX5:GUS expression was confined to the edges at the most basal part of the youngest leaves

Werner T, Motyka V, Laucou V, Smets R, Van Onckelen H, Schmülling T - Cytokinin-deficient transgenic Arabidopsis plants show multiple developmental alterations indicating opposite functions of cytokinins in the regulation of shoot and root meristem activity

• Gene expression

AtCKX6:GUS expression was localized primarily to the vas- cular system of developing cotyledons

Werner T, Motyka V, Laucou V, Smets R, Van Onckelen H, Schmülling T - Cytokinin-deficient transgenic Arabidopsis plants show multiple developmental alterations indicating opposite functions of cytokinins in the regulation of shoot and root meristem activity

• Gene expression

AtCKX2-GFP fluorescence to be distributed as a thin, more or less discontinuous line at the cell periphery and around nuclei (Figure 10D). In an optical section at the level of the cor- tex cytoplasm, the fluorescence appeared as a reticulate po- lygonal network often linked with punctuated structures (Fig- ure 10E). Based on published data, this distinct pattern can be identified as indicating localization to the ER

Werner T, Motyka V, Laucou V, Smets R, Van Onckelen H, Schmülling T - Cytokinin-deficient transgenic Arabidopsis plants show multiple developmental alterations indicating opposite functions of cytokinins in the regulation of shoot and root meristem activity

• Gene expression

AtCKX2 promoter was detected in the shoot apex

Werner T, Motyka V, Laucou V, Smets R, Van Onckelen H, Schmülling T - Cytokinin-deficient transgenic Arabidopsis plants show multiple developmental alterations indicating opposite functions of cytokinins in the regulation of shoot and root meristem activity

• Gene expression

High AtCKX4:GUS activity was localized to trichomes

Werner T, Motyka V, Laucou V, Smets R, Van Onckelen H, Schmülling T - Cytokinin-deficient transgenic Arabidopsis plants show multiple developmental alterations indicating opposite functions of cytokinins in the regulation of shoot and root meristem activity

• Gene expression

AtCKX6:GUS expression was localized primarily to the vas- cular system of developing ... leaves

Werner T, Motyka V, Laucou V, Smets R, Van Onckelen H, Schmülling T - Cytokinin-deficient transgenic Arabidopsis plants show multiple developmental alterations indicating opposite functions of cytokinins in the regulation of shoot and root meristem activity

• Gene expression

AtCKX3: GUS transformants, in which GUS expression was driven by a 1.46-kb promoter fragment, we occasionally detected very weak expression in the young shoot tissues 2 weeks after germination (data not shown

Werner T, Motyka V, Laucou V, Smets R, Van Onckelen H, Schmülling T - Cytokinin-deficient transgenic Arabidopsis plants show multiple developmental alterations indicating opposite functions of cytokinins in the regulation of shoot and root meristem activity

• Gene expression

AtCKX1 promoter drove gene expression in the ... lateral shoot meristems

Werner T, Motyka V, Laucou V, Smets R, Van Onckelen H, Schmülling T - Cytokinin-deficient transgenic Arabidopsis plants show multiple developmental alterations indicating opposite functions of cytokinins in the regulation of shoot and root meristem activity

• Gene expression

AtCKX6:GUS ... activity was strongest in the vasculature of young growing leaves. It gradually decreased basipetally in older leaves and was undetectable in fully expanded leaves

Werner T, Motyka V, Laucou V, Smets R, Van Onckelen H, Schmülling T - Cytokinin-deficient transgenic Arabidopsis plants show multiple developmental alterations indicating opposite functions of cytokinins in the regulation of shoot and root meristem activity

• Gene expression

AtCKX2 promoter was detected ... in stipules

Werner T, Motyka V, Laucou V, Smets R, Van Onckelen H, Schmülling T - Cytokinin-deficient transgenic Arabidopsis plants show multiple developmental alterations indicating opposite functions of cytokinins in the regulation of shoot and root meristem activity

• Gene expression

AtCKX3-GFP entered the ER lumen

Werner T, Motyka V, Laucou V, Smets R, Van Onckelen H, Schmülling T - Cytokinin-deficient transgenic Arabidopsis plants show multiple developmental alterations indicating opposite functions of cytokinins in the regulation of shoot and root meristem activity

• Gene expression

AtCKX1 promoter drove gene expression in the shoot apex

Werner T, Motyka V, Laucou V, Smets R, Van Onckelen H, Schmülling T - Cytokinin-deficient transgenic Arabidopsis plants show multiple developmental alterations indicating opposite functions of cytokinins in the regulation of shoot and root meristem activity

• Gene expression

the shoot, AtCKX5:GUS expression ... marking the developing leaf petiole

Werner T, Motyka V, Laucou V, Smets R, Van Onckelen H, Schmülling T - Cytokinin-deficient transgenic Arabidopsis plants show multiple developmental alterations indicating opposite functions of cytokinins in the regulation of shoot and root meristem activity

• Gene expression

AtCKX1-GFP fusion marked the ER network in leaf epidermal cells

Werner T, Motyka V, Laucou V, Smets R, Van Onckelen H, Schmülling T - Cytokinin-deficient transgenic Arabidopsis plants show multiple developmental alterations indicating opposite functions of cytokinins in the regulation of shoot and root meristem activity

• Gene expression

In Northern blot experiments, ATHB16 mRNA was detected in all organs examined, the mRNA level being relatively high in rosette leaves, intermediate in roots, cauline leaves, inflorescences, and buds, but low in the stem and in siliques, as shown in Fig. 2A

Wang Y, Henriksson E, Söderman E, Henriksson KN, Sundberg E, Engström P - The Arabidopsis homeobox gene, ATHB16, regulates leaf development and the sensitivity to photoperiod in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

DHS transcript was detectable in RNA preparations from leaves at all stages, which indicates that expression of this gene is required throughout the course of leaf development and senescence (Figure 1B). Of particular interest, however, is the finding that DHS expression was strongly upregulated in the third pair of rosette leaves between days 7 and 14 after emergence (Figure 1B). This upregulation coincides with bolting, which marks initiation of the conversion from vegetative to reproductive growth. Between days 14 and 21 after emergence, DHS transcript levels in the third pair of rosette leaves declined again (Figure 1B). However, there was a further increase in transcript abundance through days 28 and 35 after emergence during the period when there is extensive catabolism of macromolecules within the dying cells and concurrent translocation of nutrients out of the senescing leaves into the developing seeds

Wang TW, Lu L, Zhang CG, Taylor C, Thompson JE - Pleiotropic effects of suppressing deoxyhypusine synthase expression in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

We found no significant differences in the expression of the ... CycD3 ... the wild-type plants after auxin ... treatment

Pérez-Pérez JM, Ponce MR, Micol JL - The ULTRACURVATA2 gene of Arabidopsis encodes an FK506-binding protein involved in auxin and brassinosteroid signaling

• Gene expression

We found no significant differences in the expression of the ... CycD3 ... in the wild-type plants after ... BR treatment

Pérez-Pérez JM, Ponce MR, Micol JL - The ULTRACURVATA2 gene of Arabidopsis encodes an FK506-binding protein involved in auxin and brassinosteroid signaling

• Gene expression

CPD ... down-regulated by brassinolide in the wild types studied, an effect that is abolished or extremely reduced by the ucu2 mutations

Pérez-Pérez JM, Ponce MR, Micol JL - The ULTRACURVATA2 gene of Arabidopsis encodes an FK506-binding protein involved in auxin and brassinosteroid signaling

• Gene expression

ROT3 ... down-regulated by brassinolide in the wild types studied, an effect that is abolished or extremely reduced by the ucu2 mutations

Pérez-Pérez JM, Ponce MR, Micol JL - The ULTRACURVATA2 gene of Arabidopsis encodes an FK506-binding protein involved in auxin and brassinosteroid signaling

• Gene expression

We found no significant differences in the expression of the NCED3 ... in the wild-type plants after ... BR treatment

Pérez-Pérez JM, Ponce MR, Micol JL - The ULTRACURVATA2 gene of Arabidopsis encodes an FK506-binding protein involved in auxin and brassinosteroid signaling

• Gene expression

We found no significant differences in the expression of the ... BEE1 ... in the wild-type plants after auxin ... treatment

Pérez-Pérez JM, Ponce MR, Micol JL - The ULTRACURVATA2 gene of Arabidopsis encodes an FK506-binding protein involved in auxin and brassinosteroid signaling

• Gene expression

We found no significant differences in the expression of the NCED3 ... in the wild-type plants after auxin ... treatment

Pérez-Pérez JM, Ponce MR, Micol JL - The ULTRACURVATA2 gene of Arabidopsis encodes an FK506-binding protein involved in auxin and brassinosteroid signaling

• Gene expression

We found no significant differences in the expression of the ... UCU1 ... in the wild-type plants after ... BR treatment

Pérez-Pérez JM, Ponce MR, Micol JL - The ULTRACURVATA2 gene of Arabidopsis encodes an FK506-binding protein involved in auxin and brassinosteroid signaling

• Gene expression

We found no significant differences in the expression of the ... UCU1 ... in the wild-type plants after auxin ... treatment

Pérez-Pérez JM, Ponce MR, Micol JL - The ULTRACURVATA2 gene of Arabidopsis encodes an FK506-binding protein involved in auxin and brassinosteroid signaling

• Gene expression

We found no significant differences in the expression of the ... BEE1 ... in the wild-type plants after ... BR treatment

Pérez-Pérez JM, Ponce MR, Micol JL - The ULTRACURVATA2 gene of Arabidopsis encodes an FK506-binding protein involved in auxin and brassinosteroid signaling

• Gene expression

CPD ... found down-regulated by brassinolide in the wild types studied

Pérez-Pérez JM, Ponce MR, Micol JL - The ULTRACURVATA2 gene of Arabidopsis encodes an FK506-binding protein involved in auxin and brassinosteroid signaling

• Gene expression

expression of ... CPD in the ucu1 mutant studied was higher than in the wild type in noninductive conditions

Pérez-Pérez JM, Ponce MR, Micol JL - The ULTRACURVATA2 gene of Arabidopsis encodes an FK506-binding protein involved in auxin and brassinosteroid signaling

• Gene expression

expression of ROT3 ... in the ucu1 mutant studied was higher than in the wild type in noninductive conditions and did not change significantly by auxin or brassinolide treatment

Pérez-Pérez JM, Ponce MR, Micol JL - The ULTRACURVATA2 gene of Arabidopsis encodes an FK506-binding protein involved in auxin and brassinosteroid signaling

• Gene expression

ROT3 ... found down-regulated by brassinolide in the wild types studied

Pérez-Pérez JM, Ponce MR, Micol JL - The ULTRACURVATA2 gene of Arabidopsis encodes an FK506-binding protein involved in auxin and brassinosteroid signaling

• Gene expression

jag-3 ... JAG- VENUS fusion protein is located in the nucleus

Ohno CK, Reddy GV, Heisler MG, Meyerowitz EM - The Arabidopsis JAGGED gene encodes a zinc finger protein that promotes leaf tissue development

• Gene expression

As the cotyledon primordia continue to grow out during the heart stage, JAG mRNA expression is excluded from the tips of the cotyledon primordia but continues to be expressed in a band below this region of repressed expression

Ohno CK, Reddy GV, Heisler MG, Meyerowitz EM - The Arabidopsis JAGGED gene encodes a zinc finger protein that promotes leaf tissue development

• Gene expression

In the torpedo stage embryo, JAG expression continues to be absent at the tip of the cotyledon primordia (Fig. 6C). Cells in the epidermis of the cotyledon have a lower level of JAG transcripts than cells in the inner layers

Ohno CK, Reddy GV, Heisler MG, Meyerowitz EM - The Arabidopsis JAGGED gene encodes a zinc finger protein that promotes leaf tissue development

• Gene expression

JAG transcripts ... are absent from the SAM

Ohno CK, Reddy GV, Heisler MG, Meyerowitz EM - The Arabidopsis JAGGED gene encodes a zinc finger protein that promotes leaf tissue development

• Gene expression

JAG is also expressed in developing leaf primordia of the seedling at 3.5 days and/until 7 days after germination. It is initially expressed throughout the young primordium but later expression becomes excluded from the distal tip of the primordium (Fig. 6D-F). Reduced JAG expression is also detected at the proximal base of the leaf primordia

Ohno CK, Reddy GV, Heisler MG, Meyerowitz EM - The Arabidopsis JAGGED gene encodes a zinc finger protein that promotes leaf tissue development

• Gene expression

JAG mRNA is first detected in late transition stage embryos in cells corresponding to the cotyledon primordia

Ohno CK, Reddy GV, Heisler MG, Meyerowitz EM - The Arabidopsis JAGGED gene encodes a zinc finger protein that promotes leaf tissue development

• Gene expression

jag-5D ... JAG RNA is also detected in the mutant in other tissues in which it is normally not expressed, such as the inflorescence meristem and ovules

Dinneny JR, Yadegari R, Fischer RL, Yanofsky MF, Weigel D - The role of JAGGED in shaping lateral organs

• Gene expression

We confirmed the predicted subcellular localization of JAG with a GFP fusion, which localizes to the nucleus

Dinneny JR, Yadegari R, Fischer RL, Yanofsky MF, Weigel D - The role of JAGGED in shaping lateral organs

• Gene expression

JAG RNA accumulates in the initiating bracts of jag-5D heterozygotes (Fig. 6I), where it is maintained long after emergence of the bracts

Dinneny JR, Yadegari R, Fischer RL, Yanofsky MF, Weigel D - The role of JAGGED in shaping lateral organs

• Gene expression

By RT-PCR, JAG RNA is detected during vegetative and reproductive development in the shoot apex

Dinneny JR, Yadegari R, Fischer RL, Yanofsky MF, Weigel D - The role of JAGGED in shaping lateral organs

• Gene expression

No JAG expression was detected in the petioles

Dinneny JR, Yadegari R, Fischer RL, Yanofsky MF, Weigel D - The role of JAGGED in shaping lateral organs

• Gene expression

JAG mRNA ... is absent from the shoot apical meristem

Dinneny JR, Yadegari R, Fischer RL, Yanofsky MF, Weigel D - The role of JAGGED in shaping lateral organs

• Gene expression

JAG mRNA is detected in emerging leaf primordia

Dinneny JR, Yadegari R, Fischer RL, Yanofsky MF, Weigel D - The role of JAGGED in shaping lateral organs

• Gene expression

not in ... leaves ... JGL mRNA

Dinneny JR, Yadegari R, Fischer RL, Yanofsky MF, Weigel D - The role of JAGGED in shaping lateral organs

• Gene expression

Serial sections through leaf primordia revealed that JAG is predominantly expressed in the blade regions

Dinneny JR, Yadegari R, Fischer RL, Yanofsky MF, Weigel D - The role of JAGGED in shaping lateral organs

• Gene expression

JAG mRNA is localized in the distal region of leaves

Dinneny JR, Yadegari R, Fischer RL, Yanofsky MF, Weigel D - The role of JAGGED in shaping lateral organs

• Gene expression

By RT-PCR, JAG RNA is ... not in ... leaves

Dinneny JR, Yadegari R, Fischer RL, Yanofsky MF, Weigel D - The role of JAGGED in shaping lateral organs

• Gene expression

is detected during vegetative and reproductive development in the shoot apex ... JGL mRNA

Dinneny JR, Yadegari R, Fischer RL, Yanofsky MF, Weigel D - The role of JAGGED in shaping lateral organs

• Gene expression

1-h BR treatments resulted in increased EXO transcript levels in ... wild-type ... plants

Coll-Garcia D, Mazuch J, Altmann T, Müssig C - EXORDIUM regulates brassinosteroid-responsive genes

• Gene expression

The KCS1 gene showed weaker expression in untreated dwf1-6 ... plants in comparison to untreated wild-type plants

Coll-Garcia D, Mazuch J, Altmann T, Müssig C - EXORDIUM regulates brassinosteroid-responsive genes

• Gene expression

BR-deficient dwf1-6 ... plants showed weaker EXO expression

Coll-Garcia D, Mazuch J, Altmann T, Müssig C - EXORDIUM regulates brassinosteroid-responsive genes

• Gene expression

Exp5 ... induced upon 1-h BR treatments in ... dwf1-6 plants

Coll-Garcia D, Mazuch J, Altmann T, Müssig C - EXORDIUM regulates brassinosteroid-responsive genes

• Gene expression

Real-time RT-PCR analysis confirmed increased ... δ-TIP transcript levels in soil-grown 35S::EXO T2 generation plants

Coll-Garcia D, Mazuch J, Altmann T, Müssig C - EXORDIUM regulates brassinosteroid-responsive genes

• Gene expression

Northern blot analysis confirmed elevated KCS1 ... mRNA levels in T1 generation 35S::EXO plants

Coll-Garcia D, Mazuch J, Altmann T, Müssig C - EXORDIUM regulates brassinosteroid-responsive genes

• Gene expression

In agreement with our previous data, increased EXO mRNA levels were found in BR-treated plants (Table 1). Northern blot analysis confirmed the BR induction

Coll-Garcia D, Mazuch J, Altmann T, Müssig C - EXORDIUM regulates brassinosteroid-responsive genes

• Gene expression

CPD antisense plants showed weaker EXO expression

Coll-Garcia D, Mazuch J, Altmann T, Müssig C - EXORDIUM regulates brassinosteroid-responsive genes

• Gene expression

KCS1 ... decreased mRNA levels in T1 generation EXO-RNAi plants

Coll-Garcia D, Mazuch J, Altmann T, Müssig C - EXORDIUM regulates brassinosteroid-responsive genes

• Gene expression

δ-TIP ... induced upon 1-h BR treatments in ... dwf1-6 plants

Coll-Garcia D, Mazuch J, Altmann T, Müssig C - EXORDIUM regulates brassinosteroid-responsive genes

• Gene expression

2,4-D (10 nM, 0.1 μM, and 1 μM; 1 h and 3 h) ... did not alter EXO transcript levels

Coll-Garcia D, Mazuch J, Altmann T, Müssig C - EXORDIUM regulates brassinosteroid-responsive genes

• Gene expression

AGP4 ... induced upon 1-h BR treatments in wild-type ... plants

Coll-Garcia D, Mazuch J, Altmann T, Müssig C - EXORDIUM regulates brassinosteroid-responsive genes

• Gene expression

GA (0.1 μM and 1 μM GA4/GA7; 1 h and 3 h) ... did not alter EXO transcript levels

Coll-Garcia D, Mazuch J, Altmann T, Müssig C - EXORDIUM regulates brassinosteroid-responsive genes

• Gene expression

Northern blot analysis confirmed elevated ... Exp5 ... mRNA levels in T1 generation 35S::EXO plants

Coll-Garcia D, Mazuch J, Altmann T, Müssig C - EXORDIUM regulates brassinosteroid-responsive genes

• Gene expression

δ-TIP ... induced upon 1-h BR treatments in wild-type ... plants

Coll-Garcia D, Mazuch J, Altmann T, Müssig C - EXORDIUM regulates brassinosteroid-responsive genes

• Gene expression

Northern blot analysis confirmed elevated ... AGP4 mRNA levels in T1 generation 35S::EXO plants

Coll-Garcia D, Mazuch J, Altmann T, Müssig C - EXORDIUM regulates brassinosteroid-responsive genes

• Gene expression

KCS1 ... induced upon 1-h BR treatments in ... dwf1-6 plants

Coll-Garcia D, Mazuch J, Altmann T, Müssig C - EXORDIUM regulates brassinosteroid-responsive genes

• Gene expression

The KCS1 gene showed weaker expression in untreated ... CPD antisense plants in comparison to untreated wild-type plants

Coll-Garcia D, Mazuch J, Altmann T, Müssig C - EXORDIUM regulates brassinosteroid-responsive genes

• Gene expression

AGP4 ... decreased mRNA levels in T1 generation EXO-RNAi plants

Coll-Garcia D, Mazuch J, Altmann T, Müssig C - EXORDIUM regulates brassinosteroid-responsive genes

• Gene expression

Exp5 ... decreased mRNA levels in T1 generation EXO-RNAi plants

Coll-Garcia D, Mazuch J, Altmann T, Müssig C - EXORDIUM regulates brassinosteroid-responsive genes

• Gene expression

1-h BR treatments resulted in increased EXO transcript levels in ... dwf1-6 plants

Coll-Garcia D, Mazuch J, Altmann T, Müssig C - EXORDIUM regulates brassinosteroid-responsive genes

• Gene expression

KCS1 ... induced upon 1-h BR treatments in wild-type ... plants

Coll-Garcia D, Mazuch J, Altmann T, Müssig C - EXORDIUM regulates brassinosteroid-responsive genes

• Gene expression

AGP4 ... induced upon 1-h BR treatments in ... dwf1-6 plants

Coll-Garcia D, Mazuch J, Altmann T, Müssig C - EXORDIUM regulates brassinosteroid-responsive genes

• Gene expression

ethylene precursor ACC (0.1 μM, 1 μM; 1 h and 3 h) did not alter EXO transcript levels

Coll-Garcia D, Mazuch J, Altmann T, Müssig C - EXORDIUM regulates brassinosteroid-responsive genes

• Gene expression

Exp5 ... induced upon 1-h BR treatments in wild-type ... plants

Coll-Garcia D, Mazuch J, Altmann T, Müssig C - EXORDIUM regulates brassinosteroid-responsive genes

• Gene expression

transgenic WIN1 overexpressors ... KCS1, which is predicted to encode a ketoacyl-CoA synthase involved in wax biosynthesis ... appeared to be up-regulated

Broun P, Poindexter P, Osborne E, Jiang CZ, Riechmann JL - WIN1, a transcriptional activator of epidermal wax accumulation in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

To determine the effects of WIN1 on gene expression, Northern analysis was performed by using total RNA isolated from leaves of overexpressing lines ... CER1 presented the most striking change in gene expression: its transcript level was clearly correlated with the strength of WIN1 overexpression

Broun P, Poindexter P, Osborne E, Jiang CZ, Riechmann JL - WIN1, a transcriptional activator of epidermal wax accumulation in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

WIN1 is expressed at higher levels in flowers than in any other tissues. Expression was also detectable, although at lower levels, in stems, siliques, and rosette leaves

Broun P, Poindexter P, Osborne E, Jiang CZ, Riechmann JL - WIN1, a transcriptional activator of epidermal wax accumulation in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

transgenic WIN1 overexpressors ... CER2, a presumed regulatory protein ... appeared to be up-regulated

Broun P, Poindexter P, Osborne E, Jiang CZ, Riechmann JL - WIN1, a transcriptional activator of epidermal wax accumulation in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

RNA gel blot analysis indicated that HLR mRNA accumulates in all the organs that we tested (flower bud, stem, leaf and root; data not shown), which is consistent with the pleiotropic phenotype of the hlr mutant. In particular, mRNA accumulated greatly in organs containing meristems, suggesting that the HLR gene works throughout the entire plant, especially in the meristematic regions

Ueda M, Matsui K, Ishiguro S, Sano R, Wada T, Paponov I, Palme K, Okada K - The HALTED ROOT gene encoding the 26S proteasome subunit RPT2a is essential for the maintenance of Arabidopsis meristems

• Gene expression

We then examined expression of the HLR gene in meristems by in situ RNA hybridization experiments ... In the shoot, the HLR gene was expressed uniformly in the SAM in both the vegetative and the reproductive phase

Ueda M, Matsui K, Ishiguro S, Sano R, Wada T, Paponov I, Palme K, Okada K - The HALTED ROOT gene encoding the 26S proteasome subunit RPT2a is essential for the maintenance of Arabidopsis meristems

• Gene expression

hlr mutants ... In 11-day-old mutant seedlings, the WUS expression domain was markedly enlarged, and was expanded to outer and/or inner cell layers (Fig. 5B). Furthermore, WUS mRNA accumulation was sometimes detected in some groups of cells at abnormal places

Ueda M, Matsui K, Ishiguro S, Sano R, Wada T, Paponov I, Palme K, Okada K - The HALTED ROOT gene encoding the 26S proteasome subunit RPT2a is essential for the maintenance of Arabidopsis meristems

• Gene expression

The CRL gene was ubiquitously expressed

Asano T, Yoshioka Y, Kurei S, Sakamoto W, Machida Y; Sodmergen - A mutation of the CRUMPLED LEAF gene that encodes a protein localized in the outer envelope membrane of plastids affects the pattern of cell division, cell differentiation, and plastid division in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

CRL protein is localized in the outer envelope membrane of chloroplasts

Asano T, Yoshioka Y, Kurei S, Sakamoto W, Machida Y; Sodmergen - A mutation of the CRUMPLED LEAF gene that encodes a protein localized in the outer envelope membrane of plastids affects the pattern of cell division, cell differentiation, and plastid division in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

No signal was detected in the crl mutant

Asano T, Yoshioka Y, Kurei S, Sakamoto W, Machida Y; Sodmergen - A mutation of the CRUMPLED LEAF gene that encodes a protein localized in the outer envelope membrane of plastids affects the pattern of cell division, cell differentiation, and plastid division in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

The ROT4 expression was highest in the shoot apices

Narita NN, Moore S, Horiguchi G, Kubo M, Demura T, Fukuda H, Goodrich J, Tsukaya H - Overexpression of a novel small peptide ROTUNDIFOLIA4 decreases cell proliferation and alters leaf shape in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

ROT4 ... Expression in the mature cotyledons was extremely low

Narita NN, Moore S, Horiguchi G, Kubo M, Demura T, Fukuda H, Goodrich J, Tsukaya H - Overexpression of a novel small peptide ROTUNDIFOLIA4 decreases cell proliferation and alters leaf shape in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

When the ROT4 antisense probe was hybridized to rot4-1D materials, unlike wild type, a strong signal was consistently observed (Figure 4f�l). This agreed with the RT-PCR results, which also indicated higher expression in the rot4-1D mutant than in wild type. In seedlings, there was little expression in the shoot apical meristem (Figure 4f), whereas young leaf primordia showed expression throughout the lamina of young leaf primordia (Figure 4f,g). In cotyledons and older leaves, expression was restricted to vasculature (Figure 4f,g)

Narita NN, Moore S, Horiguchi G, Kubo M, Demura T, Fukuda H, Goodrich J, Tsukaya H - Overexpression of a novel small peptide ROTUNDIFOLIA4 decreases cell proliferation and alters leaf shape in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

To determine the intracellular localization of the ROT4 protein, we examined young leaves of 35S::ROT4�GFP transgenic Arabidopsis plants using confocal microscopy ... ROT4�GFP fusion protein was localized to the plasma membrane

Narita NN, Moore S, Horiguchi G, Kubo M, Demura T, Fukuda H, Goodrich J, Tsukaya H - Overexpression of a novel small peptide ROTUNDIFOLIA4 decreases cell proliferation and alters leaf shape in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

The ROT4 expression was ... somewhat reduced in the leaf primordia

Narita NN, Moore S, Horiguchi G, Kubo M, Demura T, Fukuda H, Goodrich J, Tsukaya H - Overexpression of a novel small peptide ROTUNDIFOLIA4 decreases cell proliferation and alters leaf shape in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

In young seedlings, however, the expression of ROT4 was clearly detected in shoots

Narita NN, Moore S, Horiguchi G, Kubo M, Demura T, Fukuda H, Goodrich J, Tsukaya H - Overexpression of a novel small peptide ROTUNDIFOLIA4 decreases cell proliferation and alters leaf shape in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

ROT4 is expressed in wild-type leaves during early developmental stages

Narita NN, Moore S, Horiguchi G, Kubo M, Demura T, Fukuda H, Goodrich J, Tsukaya H - Overexpression of a novel small peptide ROTUNDIFOLIA4 decreases cell proliferation and alters leaf shape in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

accumulation of ROT4 mRNA was not detected in mature rosette leaves

Narita NN, Moore S, Horiguchi G, Kubo M, Demura T, Fukuda H, Goodrich J, Tsukaya H - Overexpression of a novel small peptide ROTUNDIFOLIA4 decreases cell proliferation and alters leaf shape in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

AHK2:GUS ... Vascular systems were also strongly stained throughout the whole plant

Nishimura C, Ohashi Y, Sato S, Kato T, Tabata S, Ueguchi C - Histidine kinase homologs that act as cytokinin receptors possess overlapping functions in the regulation of shoot and root growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

In various organs, the AHK genes are expressed nearly ubiquitously but at low levels. In seedlings, strong staining was mainly localized in meristematic tissues, such as the SAM ... AHK2:GUS

Nishimura C, Ohashi Y, Sato S, Kato T, Tabata S, Ueguchi C - Histidine kinase homologs that act as cytokinin receptors possess overlapping functions in the regulation of shoot and root growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

In various organs, the AHK genes are expressed nearly ubiquitously but at low levels. In seedlings, strong staining was mainly localized in meristematic tissues, such as the SAM ... AHK3:GUS

Nishimura C, Ohashi Y, Sato S, Kato T, Tabata S, Ueguchi C - Histidine kinase homologs that act as cytokinin receptors possess overlapping functions in the regulation of shoot and root growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

strong staining was mainly localized in ... growing leaf ... AHK4:GUS

Nishimura C, Ohashi Y, Sato S, Kato T, Tabata S, Ueguchi C - Histidine kinase homologs that act as cytokinin receptors possess overlapping functions in the regulation of shoot and root growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

Vascular systems were also strongly stained throughout the whole plant ... AHK4:GUS

Nishimura C, Ohashi Y, Sato S, Kato T, Tabata S, Ueguchi C - Histidine kinase homologs that act as cytokinin receptors possess overlapping functions in the regulation of shoot and root growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

strong staining was mainly localized in ... growing leaf ... AHK3:GUS

Nishimura C, Ohashi Y, Sato S, Kato T, Tabata S, Ueguchi C - Histidine kinase homologs that act as cytokinin receptors possess overlapping functions in the regulation of shoot and root growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

In various organs, the AHK genes are expressed nearly ubiquitously but at low levels. In seedlings, strong staining was mainly localized in meristematic tissues, such as the SAM ... AHK4:GUS

Nishimura C, Ohashi Y, Sato S, Kato T, Tabata S, Ueguchi C - Histidine kinase homologs that act as cytokinin receptors possess overlapping functions in the regulation of shoot and root growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

strong staining was mainly localized in ... growing leaf ... AHK2:GUS

Nishimura C, Ohashi Y, Sato S, Kato T, Tabata S, Ueguchi C - Histidine kinase homologs that act as cytokinin receptors possess overlapping functions in the regulation of shoot and root growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

AHK3:GUS ... Vascular systems were also strongly stained throughout the whole plant

Nishimura C, Ohashi Y, Sato S, Kato T, Tabata S, Ueguchi C - Histidine kinase homologs that act as cytokinin receptors possess overlapping functions in the regulation of shoot and root growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

no PHB expression was detected in AS1>>KAN2 leaves

Eshed Y, Izhaki A, Baum SF, Floyd SK, Bowman JL - Asymmetric leaf development and blade expansion in Arabidopsis are mediated by KANADI and YABBY activities

• Gene expression

in wild type, PHB mRNA was localized to the SAM

Eshed Y, Izhaki A, Baum SF, Floyd SK, Bowman JL - Asymmetric leaf development and blade expansion in Arabidopsis are mediated by KANADI and YABBY activities

• Gene expression

PHB was localized to the adaxial regions of wild-type leaves

Eshed Y, Izhaki A, Baum SF, Floyd SK, Bowman JL - Asymmetric leaf development and blade expansion in Arabidopsis are mediated by KANADI and YABBY activities

• Gene expression

The use of promoter-reporter gene fusions suggested that KAN ... phloem-associated vascular bundle expression

Eshed Y, Izhaki A, Baum SF, Floyd SK, Bowman JL - Asymmetric leaf development and blade expansion in Arabidopsis are mediated by KANADI and YABBY activities

• Gene expression

PHB was expressed throughout kan1 kan2 kan3 leaf primordia, although there was still a gradient with expression highest towards the adaxial side

Eshed Y, Izhaki A, Baum SF, Floyd SK, Bowman JL - Asymmetric leaf development and blade expansion in Arabidopsis are mediated by KANADI and YABBY activities

• Gene expression

kan1 kan2 syd ... FIL expression was greatly reduced in this background

Eshed Y, Izhaki A, Baum SF, Floyd SK, Bowman JL - Asymmetric leaf development and blade expansion in Arabidopsis are mediated by KANADI and YABBY activities

• Gene expression

YAB3 ... β-glucuronidase (GUS) activity was undetectable in the kan1-2 kan2-1 kan3-1 yab3-2

Eshed Y, Izhaki A, Baum SF, Floyd SK, Bowman JL - Asymmetric leaf development and blade expansion in Arabidopsis are mediated by KANADI and YABBY activities

• Gene expression

in AS1>>KAN2 ... a low level of PHB expression was still present in the apical meristem

Eshed Y, Izhaki A, Baum SF, Floyd SK, Bowman JL - Asymmetric leaf development and blade expansion in Arabidopsis are mediated by KANADI and YABBY activities

• Gene expression

The use of promoter-reporter gene fusions suggested that KAN1 ... phloem-associated vascular bundle expression

Eshed Y, Izhaki A, Baum SF, Floyd SK, Bowman JL - Asymmetric leaf development and blade expansion in Arabidopsis are mediated by KANADI and YABBY activities

• Gene expression

heart stage of embryogenesis, KAN1 ... expression pattern in the abaxial basal portion of emerging cotyledon primordia

Eshed Y, Izhaki A, Baum SF, Floyd SK, Bowman JL - Asymmetric leaf development and blade expansion in Arabidopsis are mediated by KANADI and YABBY activities

• Gene expression

heart stage of embryogenesis ... KAN2 ... expression pattern in the abaxial basal portion of emerging cotyledon primordia

Eshed Y, Izhaki A, Baum SF, Floyd SK, Bowman JL - Asymmetric leaf development and blade expansion in Arabidopsis are mediated by KANADI and YABBY activities

• Gene expression

KAN1 is expressed in the abaxial regions of all lateral organs

Eshed Y, Izhaki A, Baum SF, Floyd SK, Bowman JL - Asymmetric leaf development and blade expansion in Arabidopsis are mediated by KANADI and YABBY activities

• Gene expression

in wild type, PHB mRNA ... Later expression was confined to the provascular and vascular tissues of leaves and stems

Eshed Y, Izhaki A, Baum SF, Floyd SK, Bowman JL - Asymmetric leaf development and blade expansion in Arabidopsis are mediated by KANADI and YABBY activities

• Gene expression

The use of promoter-reporter gene fusions suggested that KAN ... phloem-associated vascular bundle expression

Eshed Y, Izhaki A, Baum SF, Floyd SK, Bowman JL - Asymmetric leaf development and blade expansion in Arabidopsis are mediated by KANADI and YABBY activities

• Gene expression

kan1 kan2 syd ... PHB was expressed throughout the developing leaves

Eshed Y, Izhaki A, Baum SF, Floyd SK, Bowman JL - Asymmetric leaf development and blade expansion in Arabidopsis are mediated by KANADI and YABBY activities

• Gene expression

KAN4 appears to have a more limited expression pattern in the ovules

Eshed Y, Izhaki A, Baum SF, Floyd SK, Bowman JL - Asymmetric leaf development and blade expansion in Arabidopsis are mediated by KANADI and YABBY activities

• Gene expression

YAB3 expression ... in an otherwise wild-type background, GUS activity was detected in the abaxial regions of developing yab3-2 leaves

Eshed Y, Izhaki A, Baum SF, Floyd SK, Bowman JL - Asymmetric leaf development and blade expansion in Arabidopsis are mediated by KANADI and YABBY activities

• Gene expression

FIL expression was detected throughout young AS1>>KAN2 leaf primordia (Fig. 3I). However, unlike wild-type leaves in which FIL expression is maintained in the marginal abaxial regions (Fig. 3H), FIL expression in AS1>>KAN2 was transient, only being detected in one leaf per apex

Eshed Y, Izhaki A, Baum SF, Floyd SK, Bowman JL - Asymmetric leaf development and blade expansion in Arabidopsis are mediated by KANADI and YABBY activities

• Gene expression

heart stage of embryogenesis ... KAN3 ... expression pattern in the abaxial basal portion of emerging cotyledon primordia

Eshed Y, Izhaki A, Baum SF, Floyd SK, Bowman JL - Asymmetric leaf development and blade expansion in Arabidopsis are mediated by KANADI and YABBY activities

• Gene expression

in wild type, PHB mRNA ... was restricted to the adaxial domain as developing primordia separated from the meristem

Eshed Y, Izhaki A, Baum SF, Floyd SK, Bowman JL - Asymmetric leaf development and blade expansion in Arabidopsis are mediated by KANADI and YABBY activities

• Gene expression

RNA filter hybridization showed that HEN3 RNA was present in leaves

Wang W, Chen X - HUA ENHANCER3 reveals a role for a cyclin-dependent protein kinase in the specification of floral organ identity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

In situ hybridization showed that histone H4, a gene known to be expressed in a cell cycle-dependent manner, was expressed similarly in wild-type and hen3-1 ... leaf primordia

Wang W, Chen X - HUA ENHANCER3 reveals a role for a cyclin-dependent protein kinase in the specification of floral organ identity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

RNA filter hybridization showed that HEN3 RNA was present in ... inflorescences

Wang W, Chen X - HUA ENHANCER3 reveals a role for a cyclin-dependent protein kinase in the specification of floral organ identity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

In situ hybridization showed that histone H4, a gene known to be expressed in a cell cycle-dependent manner, was expressed similarly in wild-type and hen3-1 SAMs

Wang W, Chen X - HUA ENHANCER3 reveals a role for a cyclin-dependent protein kinase in the specification of floral organ identity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

hua1-1 hua2-1 hen3-1 flowers were defective in the ... temporal control of WUS expression in flower development

Wang W, Chen X - HUA ENHANCER3 reveals a role for a cyclin-dependent protein kinase in the specification of floral organ identity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

RNA filter hybridization showed that HEN3 RNA was present in ... stems

Wang W, Chen X - HUA ENHANCER3 reveals a role for a cyclin-dependent protein kinase in the specification of floral organ identity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

GUS activity showed that HEN3 is expressed in young, presumably dividing, tissue, such as shoot ... tips

Wang W, Chen X - HUA ENHANCER3 reveals a role for a cyclin-dependent protein kinase in the specification of floral organ identity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

HEN3 RNA ... was more abundant in ag-3 inflorescences

Wang W, Chen X - HUA ENHANCER3 reveals a role for a cyclin-dependent protein kinase in the specification of floral organ identity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

GUS activity ... showed that HEN3 is expressed in young, presumably dividing, tissue, such as ... flowers

Wang W, Chen X - HUA ENHANCER3 reveals a role for a cyclin-dependent protein kinase in the specification of floral organ identity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

We performed RNA filter hybridization to determine whether the hen3-1 mutation also results in reduced AG RNA levels in the hua1-1 hua2-1 background ... Three AG RNAs, RNA1, RNA2 and AG mRNA, can be detected in hua1-1 hua2-1 and hua1-1 hua2-1 hen3-1 flowers ... hen3-1 resulted in an increase in abundance in both the intron-containing RNAs and the mRNA in the hua1-1 hua2-1 background

Wang W, Chen X - HUA ENHANCER3 reveals a role for a cyclin-dependent protein kinase in the specification of floral organ identity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

in the ... hua1-1 hua2-1 hen3-1 flowers ... The abundance of AP1 ... was also increased

Wang W, Chen X - HUA ENHANCER3 reveals a role for a cyclin-dependent protein kinase in the specification of floral organ identity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

hua1-1 hua2-1 hen3-1 flowers were defective in the spatial control of AP1 expression

Wang W, Chen X - HUA ENHANCER3 reveals a role for a cyclin-dependent protein kinase in the specification of floral organ identity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

We performed in situ hybridization to determine the localization of HEN3 RNA in inflorescence meristems and in flowers. HEN3 RNA was present throughout the inflorescence meristem, the inflorescence stem and young flowers

Wang W, Chen X - HUA ENHANCER3 reveals a role for a cyclin-dependent protein kinase in the specification of floral organ identity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

In ... situ hybridization showed that the timing and domain of AG mRNA accumulation in hua1-1 hua2-1 hen3-1 flowers were normal

Wang W, Chen X - HUA ENHANCER3 reveals a role for a cyclin-dependent protein kinase in the specification of floral organ identity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

GUS activity ... showed that HEN3 is expressed in young, presumably dividing, tissue, such as ... young leaves

Wang W, Chen X - HUA ENHANCER3 reveals a role for a cyclin-dependent protein kinase in the specification of floral organ identity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

in hua1-1 hua2-1 hen3-1 flowers ... AG protein abundance was similar between hua1-1 hua2-1 ... flowers

Wang W, Chen X - HUA ENHANCER3 reveals a role for a cyclin-dependent protein kinase in the specification of floral organ identity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

in the ... hua1-1 hua2-1 hen3-1 flowers ... The abundance of ... AP2 ... was also increased

Wang W, Chen X - HUA ENHANCER3 reveals a role for a cyclin-dependent protein kinase in the specification of floral organ identity in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

The expression of the above- mentioned genes was quantified by real-time PCR in expanding leaves collected from ron2-1 ... homozygous plants ... AG expression was measured on the leaf samples described above and no significant differences with the wild type were found

Cnops G, Jover-Gil S, Peters JL, Neyt P, De Block S, Robles P, Ponce MR, Gerats T, Micol JL, Van Lijsebettens M - The rotunda2 mutants identify a role for the LEUNIG gene in vegetative leaf morphogenesis

• Gene expression

The expression of the above- mentioned genes was quantified by real-time PCR in expanding leaves collected from ... ron2-2 ... homozygous plants ... AS1 ... transcript levels were normal in the mutants and did not account for the reduction in STM transcript level

Cnops G, Jover-Gil S, Peters JL, Neyt P, De Block S, Robles P, Ponce MR, Gerats T, Micol JL, Van Lijsebettens M - The rotunda2 mutants identify a role for the LEUNIG gene in vegetative leaf morphogenesis

• Gene expression

The expression of the above- mentioned genes was quantified by real-time PCR in expanding leaves collected from ... ron2-2 ... homozygous plants ... STM expression level in each mutant tested was reduced 10–20-fold compared with that of the wild type

Cnops G, Jover-Gil S, Peters JL, Neyt P, De Block S, Robles P, Ponce MR, Gerats T, Micol JL, Van Lijsebettens M - The rotunda2 mutants identify a role for the LEUNIG gene in vegetative leaf morphogenesis

• Gene expression

The expression of the above- mentioned genes was quantified by real-time PCR in expanding leaves collected from ... lug- 1 homozygous plants ... AS2 transcript levels were normal in the mutants and did not account for the reduction in STM transcript level

Cnops G, Jover-Gil S, Peters JL, Neyt P, De Block S, Robles P, Ponce MR, Gerats T, Micol JL, Van Lijsebettens M - The rotunda2 mutants identify a role for the LEUNIG gene in vegetative leaf morphogenesis

• Gene expression

The expression of the above- mentioned genes was quantified by real-time PCR in expanding leaves collected from ron2-1 ... homozygous plants ... STM expression level in each mutant tested was reduced 10–20-fold compared with that of the wild type

Cnops G, Jover-Gil S, Peters JL, Neyt P, De Block S, Robles P, Ponce MR, Gerats T, Micol JL, Van Lijsebettens M - The rotunda2 mutants identify a role for the LEUNIG gene in vegetative leaf morphogenesis

• Gene expression

The expression of the above- mentioned genes was quantified by real-time PCR in expanding leaves collected from ... ron2-2 ... homozygous plants ... AS2 transcript levels were normal in the mutants and did not account for the reduction in STM transcript level

Cnops G, Jover-Gil S, Peters JL, Neyt P, De Block S, Robles P, Ponce MR, Gerats T, Micol JL, Van Lijsebettens M - The rotunda2 mutants identify a role for the LEUNIG gene in vegetative leaf morphogenesis

• Gene expression

The expression of the above- mentioned genes was quantified by real-time PCR in expanding leaves collected from ron2-1 ... homozygous plants ... AS2 transcript levels were normal in the mutants and did not account for the reduction in STM transcript level

Cnops G, Jover-Gil S, Peters JL, Neyt P, De Block S, Robles P, Ponce MR, Gerats T, Micol JL, Van Lijsebettens M - The rotunda2 mutants identify a role for the LEUNIG gene in vegetative leaf morphogenesis

• Gene expression

The expression of the above- mentioned genes was quantified by real-time PCR in expanding leaves collected from ... ron2-2 ... homozygous plants ... AG expression was measured on the leaf samples described above and no significant differences with the wild type were found

Cnops G, Jover-Gil S, Peters JL, Neyt P, De Block S, Robles P, Ponce MR, Gerats T, Micol JL, Van Lijsebettens M - The rotunda2 mutants identify a role for the LEUNIG gene in vegetative leaf morphogenesis

• Gene expression

The expression of the above- mentioned genes was quantified by real-time PCR in expanding leaves collected from ... lug- 1 homozygous plants ... AS1 ... transcript levels were normal in the mutants and did not account for the reduction in STM transcript level

Cnops G, Jover-Gil S, Peters JL, Neyt P, De Block S, Robles P, Ponce MR, Gerats T, Micol JL, Van Lijsebettens M - The rotunda2 mutants identify a role for the LEUNIG gene in vegetative leaf morphogenesis

• Gene expression

The expression of the above- mentioned genes was quantified by real-time PCR in expanding leaves collected from ... lug- 1 homozygous plants ... AG expression was measured on the leaf samples described above and no significant differences with the wild type were found

Cnops G, Jover-Gil S, Peters JL, Neyt P, De Block S, Robles P, Ponce MR, Gerats T, Micol JL, Van Lijsebettens M - The rotunda2 mutants identify a role for the LEUNIG gene in vegetative leaf morphogenesis

• Gene expression

The expression of the above- mentioned genes was quantified by real-time PCR in expanding leaves collected from ... lug- 1 homozygous plants ... STM expression level in each mutant tested was reduced 10–20-fold compared with that of the wild type

Cnops G, Jover-Gil S, Peters JL, Neyt P, De Block S, Robles P, Ponce MR, Gerats T, Micol JL, Van Lijsebettens M - The rotunda2 mutants identify a role for the LEUNIG gene in vegetative leaf morphogenesis

• Gene expression

The expression of the above- mentioned genes was quantified by real-time PCR in expanding leaves collected from ron2-1 ... homozygous plants ... AS1 ... transcript levels were normal in the mutants and did not account for the reduction in STM transcript level

Cnops G, Jover-Gil S, Peters JL, Neyt P, De Block S, Robles P, Ponce MR, Gerats T, Micol JL, Van Lijsebettens M - The rotunda2 mutants identify a role for the LEUNIG gene in vegetative leaf morphogenesis

• Gene expression

level of HLS1 protein was increased in response to ethylene treatment

Li H, Johnson P, Stepanova A, Alonso JM, Ecker JR - Convergence of signaling pathways in the control of differential cell growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

The in situ localization of ARF2 mRNA in hls1-1 mutants also revealed that the expression patterns of ARF2 in cotyledons and hypocotyl were not affected by the hls1-1 mutation

Li H, Johnson P, Stepanova A, Alonso JM, Ecker JR - Convergence of signaling pathways in the control of differential cell growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

level of ARF2 was ... not affected in hls1-1 mutant upon exposure to light

Li H, Johnson P, Stepanova A, Alonso JM, Ecker JR - Convergence of signaling pathways in the control of differential cell growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

Our studies show that ARF2 protein levels were unchanged by treatment with various concentrations of auxin (Figure 4C), while auxin-inducible IAA1 mRNA was increased significantly by the same auxin treatment. These results suggest that the abundance of the ARF2 is not mediated by an indirect effect of ethylene on auxin levels

Li H, Johnson P, Stepanova A, Alonso JM, Ecker JR - Convergence of signaling pathways in the control of differential cell growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

Transgenic seedlings that overexpress HLS1 have slightly lower ARF2 protein levels than that observed in wild-type

Li H, Johnson P, Stepanova A, Alonso JM, Ecker JR - Convergence of signaling pathways in the control of differential cell growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

ARF2 also showed expression in the cotyledons and the hypocotyl after hook opening upon exposure of etiolated seedlings to light

Li H, Johnson P, Stepanova A, Alonso JM, Ecker JR - Convergence of signaling pathways in the control of differential cell growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

level of ARF2 protein was decreased upon exposure to ethylene

Li H, Johnson P, Stepanova A, Alonso JM, Ecker JR - Convergence of signaling pathways in the control of differential cell growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

level of HLS1 transcription is increased by ethylene (Lehman et al., 1996)

Li H, Johnson P, Stepanova A, Alonso JM, Ecker JR - Convergence of signaling pathways in the control of differential cell growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

ARF2 mRNA was found to be present in ... etiolated seedlings ... in the ... leaf primordia

Li H, Johnson P, Stepanova A, Alonso JM, Ecker JR - Convergence of signaling pathways in the control of differential cell growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

ARF2 mRNA was found to be present in ... etiolated seedlings ... in the cotyledons

Li H, Johnson P, Stepanova A, Alonso JM, Ecker JR - Convergence of signaling pathways in the control of differential cell growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

Immunoblot analyses of etiolated seedlings that were treated with ACC with or without MG132, a specific inhibitor of the proteasome-dependent protein degradation, revealed that MG132 suppressed the ethylene-dependent decrease in ARF2 protein levels (Figure 3C). These results strongly suggest that ethylene-mediated degradation of the ARF2 protein is via a proteasome-dependent pathway

Li H, Johnson P, Stepanova A, Alonso JM, Ecker JR - Convergence of signaling pathways in the control of differential cell growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

Interestingly, the arf2-3 mutation partially restored DR5::GUS expression within cells located on the concave side of the hook in the arf2-3 hls1-1 double mutant in the presence of ethylene

Li H, Johnson P, Stepanova A, Alonso JM, Ecker JR - Convergence of signaling pathways in the control of differential cell growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

histochemical staining of transgenic seedlings expressing pARF2::GUS:ARF2 in wild-type, hls1 mutant, and light-grown wild-type seedlings revealed that the ARF2 protein was mainly expressed in the apical portion of the hypocotyl and in the cotyledons, and these patterns were not affected by the hls1-1 mutation or exposure to light (Figure 2F)

Li H, Johnson P, Stepanova A, Alonso JM, Ecker JR - Convergence of signaling pathways in the control of differential cell growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

histochemical staining of transgenic seedlings expressing pARF2::GUS:ARF2 in wild-type, hls1 mutant, and light-grown wild-type seedlings revealed that the ARF2 protein was mainly expressed in the apical portion of the hypocotyl and in the cotyledons, and these patterns were not affected by the hls1-1 mutation or exposure to light (Figure 2F)

Li H, Johnson P, Stepanova A, Alonso JM, Ecker JR - Convergence of signaling pathways in the control of differential cell growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

Immunoblot analyses revealed that the level of HLS1 protein was decreased upon light exposure, even in the presence of the ethylene precursor ACC

Li H, Johnson P, Stepanova A, Alonso JM, Ecker JR - Convergence of signaling pathways in the control of differential cell growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

ARF2 mRNA was found to be present in the apical hook region of etiolated seedlings

Li H, Johnson P, Stepanova A, Alonso JM, Ecker JR - Convergence of signaling pathways in the control of differential cell growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

Since neither expression patterns nor transcription levels of ARF2 (data not shown) were affected by the loss of HLS1 function

Li H, Johnson P, Stepanova A, Alonso JM, Ecker JR - Convergence of signaling pathways in the control of differential cell growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

DR5::GUS was only expressed within cells located at the concave side of the hypocotyl hook (Figure 5), and the level of expression was enhanced by ethylene treatment. However, the expression level in the cotyledon was highly variable. In hls1-1 mutants, this highly localized expression pattern was completely abolished

Li H, Johnson P, Stepanova A, Alonso JM, Ecker JR - Convergence of signaling pathways in the control of differential cell growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

level of ARF2 was increased in wild-type seedlings ... upon exposure to light

Li H, Johnson P, Stepanova A, Alonso JM, Ecker JR - Convergence of signaling pathways in the control of differential cell growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

Polyclonal antibodies that specifically recognize the ARF2 protein were generated (Figure 3A). Immunoblot analysis was used to detect ARF2 protein levels in 3-day-old etiolated seedlings. Consistent with the transgenic expression of pARF2::GUS:ARF2 in wild-type and hls1-1 mutant, the level of ARF2 protein was increased in the hls1-1 mutant

Li H, Johnson P, Stepanova A, Alonso JM, Ecker JR - Convergence of signaling pathways in the control of differential cell growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

Interestingly, the intensity of GUS staining in etiolated hls1 mutants and in wild-type seedlings exposed to light was higher than that observed in etiolated wild-type seedlings (Figure 2F), suggesting that the level of GUS:ARF2 protein may be regulated by HLS1 functions

Li H, Johnson P, Stepanova A, Alonso JM, Ecker JR - Convergence of signaling pathways in the control of differential cell growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

arf2-3 had no effect on the expression pattern of DR5::GUS in wild-type plants

Li H, Johnson P, Stepanova A, Alonso JM, Ecker JR - Convergence of signaling pathways in the control of differential cell growth in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

The SHN3 gene was most broadly expressed and was active in all plant organs. It showed expression in the vasculature and in the lateral root tip (Figure 9). When staining young 10-d-old seedlings, expression was detected in the support cells of trichomes present on the most newly formed leaves

Aharoni A, Dixit S, Jetter R, Thoenes E, van Arkel G, Pereira A - The SHINE clade of AP2 domain transcription factors activates wax biosynthesis, alters cuticle properties, and confers drought tolerance when overexpressed in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

In older leaves (rosette) as well as in cauline leaves, SHN3 was mainly expressed in the central vein with lower expression in the entire blade

Aharoni A, Dixit S, Jetter R, Thoenes E, van Arkel G, Pereira A - The SHINE clade of AP2 domain transcription factors activates wax biosynthesis, alters cuticle properties, and confers drought tolerance when overexpressed in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

SHN1/WIN1 ... constructs, which linked 2.0-kb DNA sequences upstream of the predicted ATG codon of each gene to the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene ... SHN1/WIN1 expression was detected in the inflorescence and root tissues but not in stem, mature rosette leaves, or cauline leaves

Aharoni A, Dixit S, Jetter R, Thoenes E, van Arkel G, Pereira A - The SHINE clade of AP2 domain transcription factors activates wax biosynthesis, alters cuticle properties, and confers drought tolerance when overexpressed in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

SHN1/WIN1 ... constructs, which linked 2.0-kb DNA sequences upstream of the predicted ATG codon of each gene to the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene ... GUS expression was observed ... in ... support cells of their trichomes

Aharoni A, Dixit S, Jetter R, Thoenes E, van Arkel G, Pereira A - The SHINE clade of AP2 domain transcription factors activates wax biosynthesis, alters cuticle properties, and confers drought tolerance when overexpressed in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

SHN1/WIN1 ... constructs, which linked 2.0-kb DNA sequences upstream of the predicted ATG codon of each gene to the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene ... GUS expression was observed ... in ... very young leaves in the rosette

Aharoni A, Dixit S, Jetter R, Thoenes E, van Arkel G, Pereira A - The SHINE clade of AP2 domain transcription factors activates wax biosynthesis, alters cuticle properties, and confers drought tolerance when overexpressed in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

In older leaves (rosette) as well as in cauline leaves, SHN3 was mainly expressed in the central vein with lower expression in the entire blade

Aharoni A, Dixit S, Jetter R, Thoenes E, van Arkel G, Pereira A - The SHINE clade of AP2 domain transcription factors activates wax biosynthesis, alters cuticle properties, and confers drought tolerance when overexpressed in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

To obtain a better picture of tissue specificity of TTL gene expression, we constructed a TTL-β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene by fusing a 1.6-kb genomic fragment containing the native TTL promoter to a GUS reporter gene. As shown in Figures 3C to 3F, the GUS activity was detected mainly in ... newly expanding young leaves

Nam KH, Li J - The Arabidopsis transthyretin-like protein is a potential substrate of BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE 1

• Gene expression

Confocal microscopic analysis of the resulting TTL:GFP transgenic plants revealed a similar green fluorescent pattern between TTL:GFP and BRI1:GFP, indicating that TTL was indeed associated with the plasma membrane ... The membrane association of TTL was also confirmed by a cell fractionation assay. Membrane proteins of a transgenic TTL:GFP plant were separated from cytosolic proteins by differential centrifugation, these proteins were separated by SDS-PAGE, and the presence of TTL:GFP in the two fractions was detected by immunoblotting using a commercial anti-GFP antiserum. As shown in Figure 4B, both BRI1:GFP and TTL:GFP were mainly in the membrane fraction

Nam KH, Li J - The Arabidopsis transthyretin-like protein is a potential substrate of BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE 1

• Gene expression

TTL was expressed in all the tissues that we analyzed, with the flower buds and elongating inflorescence stems accumulating the highest levels of the TTL transcripts

Nam KH, Li J - The Arabidopsis transthyretin-like protein is a potential substrate of BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE 1

• Gene expression

RNA gel blot analysis of total RNAs, isolated from mock- or brassinolide-treated seedlings of wild-type ... revealed no detectable difference in the abundance of the TTL transcript between mock- and BR-treated seedlings

Nam KH, Li J - The Arabidopsis transthyretin-like protein is a potential substrate of BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE 1

• Gene expression

To obtain a better picture of tissue specificity of TTL gene expression, we constructed a TTL-β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene by fusing a 1.6-kb genomic fragment containing the native TTL promoter to a GUS reporter gene. As shown in Figures 3C to 3F, the GUS activity was detected mainly in ... leaf primordia

Nam KH, Li J - The Arabidopsis transthyretin-like protein is a potential substrate of BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE 1

• Gene expression

Onion epidermal cells transformed transiently to express GIF1 fused to enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (EYFP) also showed nuclear speckles, which were distributed throughout the nucleus in 21 of 40 transformants

Kim JH, Kende H - A transcriptional coactivator, AtGIF1, is involved in regulating leaf growth and morphology in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

GIF1 was strongly expressed in ... shoot tips containing the shoot apical meristem

Kim JH, Kende H - A transcriptional coactivator, AtGIF1, is involved in regulating leaf growth and morphology in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

GIF1 was ... expressed ... weakly in leaves

Kim JH, Kende H - A transcriptional coactivator, AtGIF1, is involved in regulating leaf growth and morphology in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

rdr6-11 ... expression was increased ... SPL3

Peragine A, Yoshikawa M, Wu G, Albrecht HL, Poethig RS - SGS3 and SGS2/SDE1/RDR6 are required for juvenile development and the production of trans-acting siRNAs in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

rdr6-11 ... we examined the accumulation of miR156 ... Little or no difference in the levels of these miRNAs was observed

Peragine A, Yoshikawa M, Wu G, Albrecht HL, Poethig RS - SGS3 and SGS2/SDE1/RDR6 are required for juvenile development and the production of trans-acting siRNAs in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

At5g18040 ... mRNA accumulates in sgs3-11 and rdr6-11, but not in zip-1

Peragine A, Yoshikawa M, Wu G, Albrecht HL, Poethig RS - SGS3 and SGS2/SDE1/RDR6 are required for juvenile development and the production of trans-acting siRNAs in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

sgs3-11 ... expression was increased ... of ARF3/ETTIN

Peragine A, Yoshikawa M, Wu G, Albrecht HL, Poethig RS - SGS3 and SGS2/SDE1/RDR6 are required for juvenile development and the production of trans-acting siRNAs in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

rdr6-11 ... expression was increased ... of ARF3/ETTIN

Peragine A, Yoshikawa M, Wu G, Albrecht HL, Poethig RS - SGS3 and SGS2/SDE1/RDR6 are required for juvenile development and the production of trans-acting siRNAs in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

zip-1 ... expression was increased ... of ... SPL3

Peragine A, Yoshikawa M, Wu G, Albrecht HL, Poethig RS - SGS3 and SGS2/SDE1/RDR6 are required for juvenile development and the production of trans-acting siRNAs in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

zip-1 ... expression was increased ... of ARF3/ETTIN

Peragine A, Yoshikawa M, Wu G, Albrecht HL, Poethig RS - SGS3 and SGS2/SDE1/RDR6 are required for juvenile development and the production of trans-acting siRNAs in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

At1g63130 ... mRNA accumulates in sgs3-11 and rdr6-11, but not in zip-1

Peragine A, Yoshikawa M, Wu G, Albrecht HL, Poethig RS - SGS3 and SGS2/SDE1/RDR6 are required for juvenile development and the production of trans-acting siRNAs in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

zip-1 ... expression was increased ... of ... ARF4

Peragine A, Yoshikawa M, Wu G, Albrecht HL, Poethig RS - SGS3 and SGS2/SDE1/RDR6 are required for juvenile development and the production of trans-acting siRNAs in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

At1g63130 ... mRNA accumulates in sgs3-11

Peragine A, Yoshikawa M, Wu G, Albrecht HL, Poethig RS - SGS3 and SGS2/SDE1/RDR6 are required for juvenile development and the production of trans-acting siRNAs in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

At5g18040 ... mRNA accumulates in sgs3-11

Peragine A, Yoshikawa M, Wu G, Albrecht HL, Poethig RS - SGS3 and SGS2/SDE1/RDR6 are required for juvenile development and the production of trans-acting siRNAs in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

sgs3-11 ... expression was increased ... of ... ARF4

Peragine A, Yoshikawa M, Wu G, Albrecht HL, Poethig RS - SGS3 and SGS2/SDE1/RDR6 are required for juvenile development and the production of trans-acting siRNAs in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

At5g18040 ... mRNA accumulates in ... rdr6-11

Peragine A, Yoshikawa M, Wu G, Albrecht HL, Poethig RS - SGS3 and SGS2/SDE1/RDR6 are required for juvenile development and the production of trans-acting siRNAs in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

sgs3-11 ... expression was increased ... of ... SPL3

Peragine A, Yoshikawa M, Wu G, Albrecht HL, Poethig RS - SGS3 and SGS2/SDE1/RDR6 are required for juvenile development and the production of trans-acting siRNAs in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

rdr6-11 ... expression was increased ... ARF4

Peragine A, Yoshikawa M, Wu G, Albrecht HL, Poethig RS - SGS3 and SGS2/SDE1/RDR6 are required for juvenile development and the production of trans-acting siRNAs in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

At1g63130 ... mRNA accumulates in ... rdr6-11

Peragine A, Yoshikawa M, Wu G, Albrecht HL, Poethig RS - SGS3 and SGS2/SDE1/RDR6 are required for juvenile development and the production of trans-acting siRNAs in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

sgs3-11 ... we examined the accumulation of miR156 ... Little or no difference in the levels of these miRNAs was observed

Peragine A, Yoshikawa M, Wu G, Albrecht HL, Poethig RS - SGS3 and SGS2/SDE1/RDR6 are required for juvenile development and the production of trans-acting siRNAs in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

zip-1 ... we examined the accumulation of miR156 ... Little or no difference in the levels of these miRNAs was observed

Peragine A, Yoshikawa M, Wu G, Albrecht HL, Poethig RS - SGS3 and SGS2/SDE1/RDR6 are required for juvenile development and the production of trans-acting siRNAs in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

In contrast with ATB2 and LHY, several other leaders tested drove translation as effectively in eif3h-1 as in the wild type; these included the leaders of ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE5 (ABI5), the omega (Ω) leader of Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), the small subunit of Rubisco (RBCS), and the bZip protein HY5 (Figure 7G). A moderate, yet significant (P < 0.05) difference in expression was observed for chlorophyll a/b binding protein 2 (CAB2

Kim TH, Kim BH, Yahalom A, Chamovitz DA, von Arnim AG - Translational regulation via 5' mRNA leader sequences revealed by mutational analysis of the Arabidopsis translation initiation factor subunit eIF3h

• Gene expression

we examined whether and how eIF3h might affect the translation of specific mRNAs. Selected 5′ leader sequences were compared for their translational capacity between eif3h mutants and the wild type using a dual-luciferase reporter assay ... the activity of the FLUC reporter gene fused to the ATB2 leader was reduced fourfold, on average, in the eif3h-1 mutant compared with the wild type

Kim TH, Kim BH, Yahalom A, Chamovitz DA, von Arnim AG - Translational regulation via 5' mRNA leader sequences revealed by mutational analysis of the Arabidopsis translation initiation factor subunit eIF3h

• Gene expression

we examined whether and how eIF3h might affect the translation of specific mRNAs. Selected 5′ leader sequences were compared for their translational capacity between eif3h mutants and the wild type using a dual-luciferase reporter assay ... the activity of the FLUC reporter gene fused to the ATB2 leader was reduced fourfold, on average, in the eif3h-1 mutant compared with the wild type ... Inhibition of translation was also observed for the leader of the myb protein LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL (LHY

Kim TH, Kim BH, Yahalom A, Chamovitz DA, von Arnim AG - Translational regulation via 5' mRNA leader sequences revealed by mutational analysis of the Arabidopsis translation initiation factor subunit eIF3h

• Gene expression

Vice versa, no difference was detected in the level of two eIF3 subunits, eIF3b and eIF3h, in csn1 or csn7 mutants

Kim TH, Kim BH, Yahalom A, Chamovitz DA, von Arnim AG - Translational regulation via 5' mRNA leader sequences revealed by mutational analysis of the Arabidopsis translation initiation factor subunit eIF3h

• Gene expression

In contrast with ATB2 and LHY, several other leaders tested drove translation as effectively in eif3h-1 as in the wild type; these included the leaders of ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE5 (ABI5), the omega (Ω) leader of Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), the small subunit of Rubisco (RBCS), and the bZip protein HY5

Kim TH, Kim BH, Yahalom A, Chamovitz DA, von Arnim AG - Translational regulation via 5' mRNA leader sequences revealed by mutational analysis of the Arabidopsis translation initiation factor subunit eIF3h

• Gene expression

In wild-type plants, the translational activity of the ATB2:FLUC reporter was specifically repressed by sucrose (Figure 9C), consistent with previous conclusions (Rook et al., 1998a); for comparison, the HY5 leader was insensitive to sucrose

Kim TH, Kim BH, Yahalom A, Chamovitz DA, von Arnim AG - Translational regulation via 5' mRNA leader sequences revealed by mutational analysis of the Arabidopsis translation initiation factor subunit eIF3h

• Gene expression

Morphological phenotypes of the eif3h-1 mutant ... suggested an altered auxin response. Consistent with this notion, the mRNA levels of two auxin-inducible genes were elevated slightly in the absence (IAA3 and IAA14) or the presence (IAA3) of added auxin, whereas the level of IAA17 remained normal (Figure 3G

Kim TH, Kim BH, Yahalom A, Chamovitz DA, von Arnim AG - Translational regulation via 5' mRNA leader sequences revealed by mutational analysis of the Arabidopsis translation initiation factor subunit eIF3h

• Gene expression

In contrast with ATB2 and LHY, several other leaders tested drove translation as effectively in eif3h-1 as in the wild type; these included the leaders of ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE5 (ABI5), the omega (Ω) leader of Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), the small subunit of Rubisco (RBCS), and the bZip protein HY5

Kim TH, Kim BH, Yahalom A, Chamovitz DA, von Arnim AG - Translational regulation via 5' mRNA leader sequences revealed by mutational analysis of the Arabidopsis translation initiation factor subunit eIF3h

• Gene expression

Vice versa, no difference was detected in the level of two eIF3 subunits, eIF3b and eIF3h, in csn1 or csn7 mutants

Kim TH, Kim BH, Yahalom A, Chamovitz DA, von Arnim AG - Translational regulation via 5' mRNA leader sequences revealed by mutational analysis of the Arabidopsis translation initiation factor subunit eIF3h

• Gene expression

To seek independent evidence for a role of eIF3h in translation initiation on specific mRNAs, we compared eif3h-1 mutants and the wild type for the distribution of specific mRNAs in sucrose gradients designed to fractionate polysomal and nonpolysomal RNA, followed by detection of specific transcripts by RT-PCR ... a reduction in the polysome loading of the endogenous ATB2 mRNA was detected in the eif3h-1 mutant

Kim TH, Kim BH, Yahalom A, Chamovitz DA, von Arnim AG - Translational regulation via 5' mRNA leader sequences revealed by mutational analysis of the Arabidopsis translation initiation factor subunit eIF3h

• Gene expression

Morphological phenotypes of the eif3h-1 mutant ... suggested an altered auxin response. Consistent with this notion, the mRNA levels of two auxin-inducible genes were elevated slightly in the absence (IAA3 and IAA14) or the presence (IAA3) of added auxin, whereas the level of IAA17 remained normal (Figure 3G

Kim TH, Kim BH, Yahalom A, Chamovitz DA, von Arnim AG - Translational regulation via 5' mRNA leader sequences revealed by mutational analysis of the Arabidopsis translation initiation factor subunit eIF3h

• Gene expression

Vice versa, no difference was detected in the level of two eIF3 subunits, eIF3b and eIF3h, in csn1 or csn7 mutants

Kim TH, Kim BH, Yahalom A, Chamovitz DA, von Arnim AG - Translational regulation via 5' mRNA leader sequences revealed by mutational analysis of the Arabidopsis translation initiation factor subunit eIF3h

• Gene expression

Vice versa, no difference was detected in the level of two eIF3 subunits, eIF3b and eIF3h, in csn1 or csn7 mutants

Kim TH, Kim BH, Yahalom A, Chamovitz DA, von Arnim AG - Translational regulation via 5' mRNA leader sequences revealed by mutational analysis of the Arabidopsis translation initiation factor subunit eIF3h

• Gene expression

To investigate the role of eIF3h in Arabidopsis, we isolated a recessive mutant allele (eif3h-1) carrying a T-DNA insertion in the 10th exon (Figure 2A). A truncated eIF3h-related protein was detected in this allele

Kim TH, Kim BH, Yahalom A, Chamovitz DA, von Arnim AG - Translational regulation via 5' mRNA leader sequences revealed by mutational analysis of the Arabidopsis translation initiation factor subunit eIF3h

• Gene expression

Although eIF3h could associate with the CSN (Karniol et al., 1998), loss of eIF3h did not affect accumulation of its CSN4 or CSN5 subunits (Figure 4C

Kim TH, Kim BH, Yahalom A, Chamovitz DA, von Arnim AG - Translational regulation via 5' mRNA leader sequences revealed by mutational analysis of the Arabidopsis translation initiation factor subunit eIF3h

• Gene expression

Morphological phenotypes of the eif3h-1 mutant ... suggested an altered auxin response. Consistent with this notion, the mRNA levels of two auxin-inducible genes were elevated slightly in the absence (IAA3 and IAA14) or the presence (IAA3) of added auxin, whereas the level of IAA17 remained normal (Figure 3G

Kim TH, Kim BH, Yahalom A, Chamovitz DA, von Arnim AG - Translational regulation via 5' mRNA leader sequences revealed by mutational analysis of the Arabidopsis translation initiation factor subunit eIF3h

• Gene expression

In wild-type plants, the translational activity of the ATB2:FLUC reporter was specifically repressed by sucrose (Figure 9C), consistent with previous conclusions (Rook et al., 1998a); for comparison, the HY5 leader was insensitive to sucrose

Kim TH, Kim BH, Yahalom A, Chamovitz DA, von Arnim AG - Translational regulation via 5' mRNA leader sequences revealed by mutational analysis of the Arabidopsis translation initiation factor subunit eIF3h

• Gene expression

To seek independent evidence for a role of eIF3h in translation initiation on specific mRNAs, we compared eif3h-1 mutants and the wild type for the distribution of specific mRNAs in sucrose gradients designed to fractionate polysomal and nonpolysomal RNA, followed by detection of specific transcripts by RT-PCR ... For comparison, the rbcS mRNA did not significantly change its distribution between polysomal and nonpolysomal fractions

Kim TH, Kim BH, Yahalom A, Chamovitz DA, von Arnim AG - Translational regulation via 5' mRNA leader sequences revealed by mutational analysis of the Arabidopsis translation initiation factor subunit eIF3h

• Gene expression

Although eIF3h could associate with the CSN (Karniol et al., 1998), loss of eIF3h did not affect accumulation of its CSN4 or CSN5 subunits (Figure 4C

Kim TH, Kim BH, Yahalom A, Chamovitz DA, von Arnim AG - Translational regulation via 5' mRNA leader sequences revealed by mutational analysis of the Arabidopsis translation initiation factor subunit eIF3h

• Gene expression

The eIF3h protein accumulated in all organs tested yet was most abundant in roots and flowers

Kim TH, Kim BH, Yahalom A, Chamovitz DA, von Arnim AG - Translational regulation via 5' mRNA leader sequences revealed by mutational analysis of the Arabidopsis translation initiation factor subunit eIF3h

• Gene expression

Morphological phenotypes of the eif3h-1 mutant ... suggested an altered auxin response. Consistent with this notion, the mRNA levels of two auxin-inducible genes were elevated slightly in the absence (IAA3 and IAA14) or the presence (IAA3) of added auxin, whereas the level of IAA17 remained normal (Figure 3G

Kim TH, Kim BH, Yahalom A, Chamovitz DA, von Arnim AG - Translational regulation via 5' mRNA leader sequences revealed by mutational analysis of the Arabidopsis translation initiation factor subunit eIF3h

• Gene expression

In contrast with ATB2 and LHY, several other leaders tested drove translation as effectively in eif3h-1 as in the wild type; these included the leaders of ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE5 (ABI5), the omega (Ω) leader of Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), the small subunit of Rubisco (RBCS), and the bZip protein HY5

Kim TH, Kim BH, Yahalom A, Chamovitz DA, von Arnim AG - Translational regulation via 5' mRNA leader sequences revealed by mutational analysis of the Arabidopsis translation initiation factor subunit eIF3h

• Gene expression

An eIF3h protein truncated by ∼2 kD accumulated in the eif3h-2 mutant

Kim TH, Kim BH, Yahalom A, Chamovitz DA, von Arnim AG - Translational regulation via 5' mRNA leader sequences revealed by mutational analysis of the Arabidopsis translation initiation factor subunit eIF3h

• Gene expression

In bop1-1 mutant plants, BOP1 transcription is elevated in all tissues compared with the wild type and becomes readily detectable in cotyledons and cauline leaves (Fig. 5B), consistent with the manifestation of phenotypes in these tissues

Ha CM, Jun JH, Nam HG, Fletcher JC - BLADE-ON-PETIOLE1 encodes a BTB/POZ domain protein required for leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

After germination, BOP1 transcripts are not observed in the SAM

Ha CM, Jun JH, Nam HG, Fletcher JC - BLADE-ON-PETIOLE1 encodes a BTB/POZ domain protein required for leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

BOP1 is expressed at barely detectable levels in cotyledons

Ha CM, Jun JH, Nam HG, Fletcher JC - BLADE-ON-PETIOLE1 encodes a BTB/POZ domain protein required for leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

BOP1 ... is expressed at very high levels in the petiole relative to the blade

Ha CM, Jun JH, Nam HG, Fletcher JC - BLADE-ON-PETIOLE1 encodes a BTB/POZ domain protein required for leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

BOP1 transcripts are also present along the margin of young leaves, where the adaxial and abax- ial domains juxtapose

Ha CM, Jun JH, Nam HG, Fletcher JC - BLADE-ON-PETIOLE1 encodes a BTB/POZ domain protein required for leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

After germination, BOP1 transcripts ... are present in the rosette leaf primordia

Ha CM, Jun JH, Nam HG, Fletcher JC - BLADE-ON-PETIOLE1 encodes a BTB/POZ domain protein required for leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

The first stage at which BOP1 transcripts can be relia- bly detected is the torpedo stage of embryogenesis, when BOP1 is found in two discrete foci at the base of the develop- ing cotyledons, specifically on the adaxial side near the bound- ary with the shoot apical meristem

Ha CM, Jun JH, Nam HG, Fletcher JC - BLADE-ON-PETIOLE1 encodes a BTB/POZ domain protein required for leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

BOP1 appears to be transcribed at the same relative level in whole rosette leaves regardless of age

Ha CM, Jun JH, Nam HG, Fletcher JC - BLADE-ON-PETIOLE1 encodes a BTB/POZ domain protein required for leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

In maturing leaves, a low level of BOP1 expression becomes detectable across the adaxial por- tion of the leaf

Ha CM, Jun JH, Nam HG, Fletcher JC - BLADE-ON-PETIOLE1 encodes a BTB/POZ domain protein required for leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

As the leaves grow out, BOP1 is expressed strongly yet in a highly restricted pattern at the base of the leaf primordia on the adaxial side adjacent to the SAM

Ha CM, Jun JH, Nam HG, Fletcher JC - BLADE-ON-PETIOLE1 encodes a BTB/POZ domain protein required for leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

upon AtE2Fa over-expression ... we also observed ele- vated expression of CycB1, a mitotic cyclin, sug- gesting the involvement of AtE2Fa for further cell cycle progression

He SS, Liu J, Xie Z, O'Neill D, Dotson S - Arabidopsis E2Fa plays a bimodal role in regulating cell division and cell growth

• Gene expression

upon AtE2Fa over-expression ... we found that the expression of several cell cycle inhibitor genes, including ... KRP3 ... was also up- regulated

He SS, Liu J, Xie Z, O'Neill D, Dotson S - Arabidopsis E2Fa plays a bimodal role in regulating cell division and cell growth

• Gene expression

The positive cell cycle factors up- regulated upon AtE2Fa over-expression included genes for G1/S transition (CycD2)

He SS, Liu J, Xie Z, O'Neill D, Dotson S - Arabidopsis E2Fa plays a bimodal role in regulating cell division and cell growth

• Gene expression

The positive cell cycle factors up- regulated upon AtE2Fa over-expression included genes for ... DNA synthesis (RNR1

He SS, Liu J, Xie Z, O'Neill D, Dotson S - Arabidopsis E2Fa plays a bimodal role in regulating cell division and cell growth

• Gene expression

upon AtE2Fa over-expression ... we found that the expression of several cell cycle inhibitor genes, including RB1 ... was also up- regulated

He SS, Liu J, Xie Z, O'Neill D, Dotson S - Arabidopsis E2Fa plays a bimodal role in regulating cell division and cell growth

• Gene expression

upon AtE2Fa over-expression ... we found that the expression of several cell cycle inhibitor genes, including ... KRP5, was also up- regulated

He SS, Liu J, Xie Z, O'Neill D, Dotson S - Arabidopsis E2Fa plays a bimodal role in regulating cell division and cell growth

• Gene expression

Comparison of the expression levels in bulked leaf samples revealed that, while the expression of ATPK1 was not changed ... upon the over-expression of AtE2Fa

He SS, Liu J, Xie Z, O'Neill D, Dotson S - Arabidopsis E2Fa plays a bimodal role in regulating cell division and cell growth

• Gene expression

The positive cell cycle factors up- regulated upon AtE2Fa over-expression included genes for ... DNA synthesis ... PCNA

He SS, Liu J, Xie Z, O'Neill D, Dotson S - Arabidopsis E2Fa plays a bimodal role in regulating cell division and cell growth

• Gene expression

Comparison of the expression levels in bulked leaf samples revealed that ... the expression of ATPK19 was increased upon the over-expression of AtE2Fa

He SS, Liu J, Xie Z, O'Neill D, Dotson S - Arabidopsis E2Fa plays a bimodal role in regulating cell division and cell growth

• Gene expression

In wild-type first leaves, DR5:GUS appears 3 DAG in a single cell at the leaf distal tip (Table 4, Figure 5A). In mutant first leaves, DR5:GUS is evident with similar timing. However, the position is often asymmetric relative to the leaf, shifted to one side of the distal tip (Table 4, Figures 5B and 5C). Subsequent DR5:GUS expression in mutant leaf blades is slightly later than in the wild type (Table 4), and no differences in pattern are evident, although expression within the blade at these stages is very transient, so that pattern differences would be difficult to detect (Figures 5D to 5F). At this stage, distal tip expression coincides with the distal margin gap, and in mutant leaves, both sometimes appear asymmetrically placed (Figure 5E). Asymmetric DR5:GUS expression is especially evident when expression begins in hydathodes (Table 4). In wild-type first leaves, hydathode expression usually appears in two points at equivalent positions along the leaf margin (Figure 5G). By contrast, expression in both as1-16 and as2-1 may begin at just one point and be followed by expression in another one or two, often unequally positioned points in as2-1 leaves (Figures 5H and 5I). Expression of DR5:GUS at this stage coincides with margin gaps (Figures 5J to 5L), and the margin gaps seem to contain more cells in the mutants than the wild type (cf. Figures 5K and 5L to 5J

Zgurski JM, Sharma R, Bolokoski DA, Schultz EA - Asymmetric auxin response precedes asymmetric growth and differentiation of asymmetric leaf1 and asymmetric leaf2 Arabidopsis leaves

• Gene expression

Consistent with basipetal decrease in cell division (Donnelly et al., 1999), at 5 DAG, cycB1:GUS expression is diminishing in the distal half of both wild-type and mutant leaves, and the number of cells expressing is again lower in as2-1

Zgurski JM, Sharma R, Bolokoski DA, Schultz EA - Asymmetric auxin response precedes asymmetric growth and differentiation of asymmetric leaf1 and asymmetric leaf2 Arabidopsis leaves

• Gene expression

At 4 DAG, cycB1:GUS ... number of cells expressing the reporter gene is reduced in both halves of as2-1 leaves

Zgurski JM, Sharma R, Bolokoski DA, Schultz EA - Asymmetric auxin response precedes asymmetric growth and differentiation of asymmetric leaf1 and asymmetric leaf2 Arabidopsis leaves

• Gene expression

In wild-type first leaves, DR5:GUS appears 3 DAG in a single cell at the leaf distal tip (Table 4, Figure 5A). In mutant first leaves, DR5:GUS is evident with similar timing. However, the position is often asymmetric relative to the leaf, shifted to one side of the distal tip (Table 4, Figures 5B and 5C). Subsequent DR5:GUS expression in mutant leaf blades is slightly later than in the wild type (Table 4), and no differences in pattern are evident, although expression within the blade at these stages is very transient, so that pattern differences would be difficult to detect (Figures 5D to 5F). At this stage, distal tip expression coincides with the distal margin gap, and in mutant leaves, both sometimes appear asymmetrically placed (Figure 5E). Asymmetric DR5:GUS expression is especially evident when expression begins in hydathodes (Table 4). In wild-type first leaves, hydathode expression usually appears in two points at equivalent positions along the leaf margin (Figure 5G). By contrast, expression in both as1-16 and as2-1 may begin at just one point and be followed by expression in another one or two, often unequally positioned points in as2-1 leaves (Figures 5H and 5I). Expression of DR5:GUS at this stage coincides with margin gaps (Figures 5J to 5L), and the margin gaps seem to contain more cells in the mutants than the wild type (cf. Figures 5K and 5L to 5J

Zgurski JM, Sharma R, Bolokoski DA, Schultz EA - Asymmetric auxin response precedes asymmetric growth and differentiation of asymmetric leaf1 and asymmetric leaf2 Arabidopsis leaves

• Gene expression

At 4 DAG, cycB1:GUS expression is similar in distal and proximal leaf halves and shows no significant difference between the wild type and as1-16

Zgurski JM, Sharma R, Bolokoski DA, Schultz EA - Asymmetric auxin response precedes asymmetric growth and differentiation of asymmetric leaf1 and asymmetric leaf2 Arabidopsis leaves

• Gene expression

it has been reported that rosette leaves of transgenic plants carrying the ABI4::GUS construct have no detectable GUS activity (Arroyo et al. 2003

Kozuka T, Horiguchi G, Kim GT, Ohgishi M, Sakai T, Tsukaya H - The different growth responses of the Arabidopsis thaliana leaf blade and the petiole during shade avoidance are regulated by photoreceptors and sugar

• Gene expression

In seedlings overexpressing CYP72C1, the expression levels of TCH4 ... were reduced

Takahashi N, Nakazawa M, Shibata K, Yokota T, Ishikawa A, Suzuki K, Kawashima M, Ichikawa T, Shimada H, Matsui M - shk1-D, a dwarf Arabidopsis mutant caused by activation of the CYP72C1 gene, has altered brassinosteroid levels

• Gene expression

The CYP72C1 gene was expressed more strongly in the dark than in the light

Takahashi N, Nakazawa M, Shibata K, Yokota T, Ishikawa A, Suzuki K, Kawashima M, Ichikawa T, Shimada H, Matsui M - shk1-D, a dwarf Arabidopsis mutant caused by activation of the CYP72C1 gene, has altered brassinosteroid levels

• Gene expression

To confirm the expression of CYP72C1, we performed RT-PCR. We prepared total RNA from flowers, siliques, stems, cauline leaves and rosette leaves of 4-week-old plants and from roots in liquid culture. We observed CYP72C1 expression in all tissues examined and relatively strong expression in siliques and roots (Figure 5j)

Takahashi N, Nakazawa M, Shibata K, Yokota T, Ishikawa A, Suzuki K, Kawashima M, Ichikawa T, Shimada H, Matsui M - shk1-D, a dwarf Arabidopsis mutant caused by activation of the CYP72C1 gene, has altered brassinosteroid levels

• Gene expression

In seedlings overexpressing CYP72C1, the expression levels of ... BAS1 were reduced

Takahashi N, Nakazawa M, Shibata K, Yokota T, Ishikawa A, Suzuki K, Kawashima M, Ichikawa T, Shimada H, Matsui M - shk1-D, a dwarf Arabidopsis mutant caused by activation of the CYP72C1 gene, has altered brassinosteroid levels

• Gene expression

In seedlings overexpressing CYP72C1 ... CPD expression was slightly increased

Takahashi N, Nakazawa M, Shibata K, Yokota T, Ishikawa A, Suzuki K, Kawashima M, Ichikawa T, Shimada H, Matsui M - shk1-D, a dwarf Arabidopsis mutant caused by activation of the CYP72C1 gene, has altered brassinosteroid levels

• Gene expression

transgenic plants containing the 2.0-kb upstream promoter region of the CYP72C1 gene fused to the β-glucuronidase gene (GUS ... in light-grown seedlings it was seen in cotyledons

Takahashi N, Nakazawa M, Shibata K, Yokota T, Ishikawa A, Suzuki K, Kawashima M, Ichikawa T, Shimada H, Matsui M - shk1-D, a dwarf Arabidopsis mutant caused by activation of the CYP72C1 gene, has altered brassinosteroid levels

• Gene expression

In bop1-1 plants, KNAT1::GUS was expressed in a pattern similar to that in wild-type plants, but in more expanded regions

Norberg M, Holmlund M, Nilsson O - The BLADE ON PETIOLE genes act redundantly to control the growth and development of lateral organs

• Gene expression

KNAT6 transcript ... levels ... in the cotyledons and rosette leaves of bop1-1 seedlings were significantly higher than those in wild-type seedlings

Norberg M, Holmlund M, Nilsson O - The BLADE ON PETIOLE genes act redundantly to control the growth and development of lateral organs

• Gene expression

in the case of the KNAT2 that showed only a slightly increased expression in the mutant rosette leaf

Norberg M, Holmlund M, Nilsson O - The BLADE ON PETIOLE genes act redundantly to control the growth and development of lateral organs

• Gene expression

the KNAT1 ... transcript ... levels ... in the cotyledons and rosette leaves of bop1-1 seedlings were significantly higher than those in wild-type seedlings

Norberg M, Holmlund M, Nilsson O - The BLADE ON PETIOLE genes act redundantly to control the growth and development of lateral organs

• Gene expression

the KNAT1 ... there were no notable differences between the wild-type and mutant SAM regions in the expression of these genes

Norberg M, Holmlund M, Nilsson O - The BLADE ON PETIOLE genes act redundantly to control the growth and development of lateral organs

• Gene expression

KNAT2 ... there were no notable differences between the wild-type and mutant SAM regions in the expression of these genes

Norberg M, Holmlund M, Nilsson O - The BLADE ON PETIOLE genes act redundantly to control the growth and development of lateral organs

• Gene expression

KNAT6 ... there were no notable differences between the wild-type and mutant SAM regions in the expression of these genes

Norberg M, Holmlund M, Nilsson O - The BLADE ON PETIOLE genes act redundantly to control the growth and development of lateral organs

• Gene expression

Examination of the expression pattern in single leaves of bop1-1 showed that, unlike in wild-type leaves, KNAT1::GUS was detected in the petioles of cotyledons and rosette leaves

Norberg M, Holmlund M, Nilsson O - The BLADE ON PETIOLE genes act redundantly to control the growth and development of lateral organs

• Gene expression

To determine the subcellular localization of the BOP2 protein, a 35S:BOP2�green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgene was introduced into bop1 bop2 plants by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Partial complementation of the phenotype conferred by bop1 bop2 was obtained for many of the resulting transgenic plant lines, indicating that the fusion protein had biological activity (data not shown). Confocal laser scanning of a seedling at 4 d after germination shows that in root cells, the BOP2-GFP fusion protein was localized to both the cytoplasm and the nucleus

Hepworth SR, Zhang Y, McKim S, Li X, Haughn GW - BLADE-ON-PETIOLE-dependent signaling controls leaf and floral patterning in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

BOP2 ... transcripts ... were detected in leaves, stems, apices, flowers, and roots but not in siliques

Hepworth SR, Zhang Y, McKim S, Li X, Haughn GW - BLADE-ON-PETIOLE-dependent signaling controls leaf and floral patterning in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

To determine the subcellular localization of the BOP2 protein, a 35S:BOP2�green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgene was introduced into bop1 bop2 plants by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Partial complementation of the phenotype conferred by bop1 bop2 was obtained for many of the resulting transgenic plant lines, indicating that the fusion protein had biological activity (data not shown). Confocal laser scanning of a seedling at 4 d after germination shows that in root cells, the BOP2-GFP fusion protein was localized to both the cytoplasm and the nucleus

Hepworth SR, Zhang Y, McKim S, Li X, Haughn GW - BLADE-ON-PETIOLE-dependent signaling controls leaf and floral patterning in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

BOP1 ... transcripts ... were detected in leaves, stems, apices, flowers, and roots but not in siliques

Hepworth SR, Zhang Y, McKim S, Li X, Haughn GW - BLADE-ON-PETIOLE-dependent signaling controls leaf and floral patterning in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

The expression of the ... ELO3 genes was monitored in different plant organs by RT-PCR: roots, young first leaves, whole seedlings (14 DAG), cotyledons, expanded first leaves, floral buds, and shoot apices (27 DAG). The three ELO genes were expressed in every plant organ examined

Nelissen H, Fleury D, Bruno L, Robles P, De Veylder L, Traas J, Micol JL, Van Montagu M, Inzé D, Van Lijsebettens M - The elongata mutants identify a functional Elongator complex in plants with a role in cell proliferation during organ growth

• Gene expression

The microarray experiment using mRNA of the shoot apices of the elo mutants showed that ... no difference in expression level was seen for the ELO3 gene between the elo3 mutant and Ler

Nelissen H, Fleury D, Bruno L, Robles P, De Veylder L, Traas J, Micol JL, Van Montagu M, Inzé D, Van Lijsebettens M - The elongata mutants identify a functional Elongator complex in plants with a role in cell proliferation during organ growth

• Gene expression

The expression of the ... ELO2 ... was monitored in different plant organs by RT-PCR: roots, young first leaves, whole seedlings (14 DAG), cotyledons, expanded first leaves, floral buds, and shoot apices (27 DAG ... were expressed in every plant organ examined

Nelissen H, Fleury D, Bruno L, Robles P, De Veylder L, Traas J, Micol JL, Van Montagu M, Inzé D, Van Lijsebettens M - The elongata mutants identify a functional Elongator complex in plants with a role in cell proliferation during organ growth

• Gene expression

The microarray experiment using mRNA of the shoot apices of the elo mutants showed that the expression of ELO2 in elo2 was only 20.1% that of the wild type

Nelissen H, Fleury D, Bruno L, Robles P, De Veylder L, Traas J, Micol JL, Van Montagu M, Inzé D, Van Lijsebettens M - The elongata mutants identify a functional Elongator complex in plants with a role in cell proliferation during organ growth

• Gene expression

The expression of the ELO1 ... was monitored in different plant organs by RT-PCR: roots, young first leaves, whole seedlings (14 DAG), cotyledons, expanded first leaves, floral buds, and shoot apices (27 DAG ... were expressed in every plant organ examined ... in every

Nelissen H, Fleury D, Bruno L, Robles P, De Veylder L, Traas J, Micol JL, Van Montagu M, Inzé D, Van Lijsebettens M - The elongata mutants identify a functional Elongator complex in plants with a role in cell proliferation during organ growth

• Gene expression

The expression of the ACL5 gene was examined in wild-type and tkv plants by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR and was found to be similarly up-regulated in tkv mutant plants (Fig. 7

Clay NK, Nelson T - Arabidopsis thickvein mutation affects vein thickness and organ vascularization, and resides in a provascular cell-specific spermine synthase involved in vein definition and in polar auxin transport

• Gene expression

The procambial-specific expression pattern continues during primary root development (Figs. 8, E and G, 9I) and early leaf development after an initially broad expression domain in leaf primordia (Figs. 8C and 9, E–H

Clay NK, Nelson T - Arabidopsis thickvein mutation affects vein thickness and organ vascularization, and resides in a provascular cell-specific spermine synthase involved in vein definition and in polar auxin transport

• Gene expression

The procambial-specific expression pattern continues during primary root development (Figs. 8, E and G, 9I) and early leaf development after an initially broad expression domain in leaf primordia (Figs. 8C and 9, E–H

Clay NK, Nelson T - Arabidopsis thickvein mutation affects vein thickness and organ vascularization, and resides in a provascular cell-specific spermine synthase involved in vein definition and in polar auxin transport

• Gene expression

CYCD3;1 expressions were examined by RNA gel blot analysis and were found to be unchanged in smpepi ... plants

Clay NK, Nelson T - The recessive epigenetic swellmap mutation affects the expression of two step II splicing factors required for the transcription of the cell proliferation gene STRUWWELPETER and for the timing of cell cycle arrest in the Arabidopsis leaf

• Gene expression

SWP expression level was examined by RNA gel blot analysis and RT-PCR and was found to be ... normal in ... smp2-1

Clay NK, Nelson T - The recessive epigenetic swellmap mutation affects the expression of two step II splicing factors required for the transcription of the cell proliferation gene STRUWWELPETER and for the timing of cell cycle arrest in the Arabidopsis leaf

• Gene expression

ANT overexpression activated ectopic expression of CYCD3;1

Clay NK, Nelson T - The recessive epigenetic swellmap mutation affects the expression of two step II splicing factors required for the transcription of the cell proliferation gene STRUWWELPETER and for the timing of cell cycle arrest in the Arabidopsis leaf

• Gene expression

RT-PCR results indicated that the transcripts of ... SMP1 ... were reduced in smp1epi homozygous plants

Clay NK, Nelson T - The recessive epigenetic swellmap mutation affects the expression of two step II splicing factors required for the transcription of the cell proliferation gene STRUWWELPETER and for the timing of cell cycle arrest in the Arabidopsis leaf

• Gene expression

full-length SWP cDNA driven by the 35S CaMV promoter was introduced into smpepi mutant plants ... RT-PCR results confirmed that two of these restored lines expressed a wild-type level of fully spliced SWP transcript and more so than the line that exhibited the mutant phenotype

Clay NK, Nelson T - The recessive epigenetic swellmap mutation affects the expression of two step II splicing factors required for the transcription of the cell proliferation gene STRUWWELPETER and for the timing of cell cycle arrest in the Arabidopsis leaf

• Gene expression

transgenic copy of the SMP1 promoter driving the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene ... After germination, SMP1 mRNA expression was ... not in the SAM

Clay NK, Nelson T - The recessive epigenetic swellmap mutation affects the expression of two step II splicing factors required for the transcription of the cell proliferation gene STRUWWELPETER and for the timing of cell cycle arrest in the Arabidopsis leaf

• Gene expression

transgenic copy of the SMP1 promoter driving the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene ... SMP1 promoter activity was also found throughout very young leaf primordia (Figure 8J) and as the leaf matured, was turned off in a tip-to-base manner (Figure 8K). This pattern of GUS expression overlapped with the general pattern of cell proliferation and presaged the basipetal wave of cell maturation that would flow from leaf tip to leaf base

Clay NK, Nelson T - The recessive epigenetic swellmap mutation affects the expression of two step II splicing factors required for the transcription of the cell proliferation gene STRUWWELPETER and for the timing of cell cycle arrest in the Arabidopsis leaf

• Gene expression

transgenic copy of the SMP1 promoter driving the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene ... After germination, SMP1 mRNA expression was found throughout leaf primordia

Clay NK, Nelson T - The recessive epigenetic swellmap mutation affects the expression of two step II splicing factors required for the transcription of the cell proliferation gene STRUWWELPETER and for the timing of cell cycle arrest in the Arabidopsis leaf

• Gene expression

SMP1 promoter activity was also found throughout very young leaf primordia

Clay NK, Nelson T - The recessive epigenetic swellmap mutation affects the expression of two step II splicing factors required for the transcription of the cell proliferation gene STRUWWELPETER and for the timing of cell cycle arrest in the Arabidopsis leaf

• Gene expression

CDC2A expression ... was ... unchanged in ... SMP1-overexpressing plants

Clay NK, Nelson T - The recessive epigenetic swellmap mutation affects the expression of two step II splicing factors required for the transcription of the cell proliferation gene STRUWWELPETER and for the timing of cell cycle arrest in the Arabidopsis leaf

• Gene expression

CDC2A expression also was found to be unchanged in ... SMP1-overexpressing plants

Clay NK, Nelson T - The recessive epigenetic swellmap mutation affects the expression of two step II splicing factors required for the transcription of the cell proliferation gene STRUWWELPETER and for the timing of cell cycle arrest in the Arabidopsis leaf

• Gene expression

full-length SWP cDNA driven by the 35S CaMV promoter was introduced into smpepi mutant plants. Because of the moderate infertility of these plants, only four independent lines were obtained ... transcript levels of ... SMP2 were also increased in all three lines

Clay NK, Nelson T - The recessive epigenetic swellmap mutation affects the expression of two step II splicing factors required for the transcription of the cell proliferation gene STRUWWELPETER and for the timing of cell cycle arrest in the Arabidopsis leaf

• Gene expression

SMP1 mRNA expression was found throughout early globular-staged embryos

Clay NK, Nelson T - The recessive epigenetic swellmap mutation affects the expression of two step II splicing factors required for the transcription of the cell proliferation gene STRUWWELPETER and for the timing of cell cycle arrest in the Arabidopsis leaf

• Gene expression

SWP expression level was examined by RNA gel blot analysis and RT-PCR and was found to be undetectable in smpepi plants

Clay NK, Nelson T - The recessive epigenetic swellmap mutation affects the expression of two step II splicing factors required for the transcription of the cell proliferation gene STRUWWELPETER and for the timing of cell cycle arrest in the Arabidopsis leaf

• Gene expression

CYCD3;1 expressions were examined by RNA gel blot analysis and were found to be unchanged in ... SMP1-overexpressing plants

Clay NK, Nelson T - The recessive epigenetic swellmap mutation affects the expression of two step II splicing factors required for the transcription of the cell proliferation gene STRUWWELPETER and for the timing of cell cycle arrest in the Arabidopsis leaf

• Gene expression

CDC2A expression also was found to be unchanged in smpepi ... plants

Clay NK, Nelson T - The recessive epigenetic swellmap mutation affects the expression of two step II splicing factors required for the transcription of the cell proliferation gene STRUWWELPETER and for the timing of cell cycle arrest in the Arabidopsis leaf

• Gene expression

full-length SWP cDNA driven by the 35S CaMV promoter was introduced into smpepi mutant plants. Because of the moderate infertility of these plants, only four independent lines were obtained ... transcript levels of SMP1 ... were also increased in all three lines

Clay NK, Nelson T - The recessive epigenetic swellmap mutation affects the expression of two step II splicing factors required for the transcription of the cell proliferation gene STRUWWELPETER and for the timing of cell cycle arrest in the Arabidopsis leaf

• Gene expression

ANT ... expressions were examined by RNA gel blot analysis and were found to be unchanged in ... SMP1-overexpressing plants

Clay NK, Nelson T - The recessive epigenetic swellmap mutation affects the expression of two step II splicing factors required for the transcription of the cell proliferation gene STRUWWELPETER and for the timing of cell cycle arrest in the Arabidopsis leaf

• Gene expression

SWP expression level was examined by RNA gel blot analysis and RT-PCR and was found to be ... normal ... in smp1-1

Clay NK, Nelson T - The recessive epigenetic swellmap mutation affects the expression of two step II splicing factors required for the transcription of the cell proliferation gene STRUWWELPETER and for the timing of cell cycle arrest in the Arabidopsis leaf

• Gene expression

transgenic copy of the SMP1 promoter driving the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene ... bent cotyledon stage where SMP1 promoter activity increased in procambial cells

Clay NK, Nelson T - The recessive epigenetic swellmap mutation affects the expression of two step II splicing factors required for the transcription of the cell proliferation gene STRUWWELPETER and for the timing of cell cycle arrest in the Arabidopsis leaf

• Gene expression

SWP expression level was examined by RNA gel blot analysis and RT-PCR and was found to be ... normal in SMP1-overexpressing plants

Clay NK, Nelson T - The recessive epigenetic swellmap mutation affects the expression of two step II splicing factors required for the transcription of the cell proliferation gene STRUWWELPETER and for the timing of cell cycle arrest in the Arabidopsis leaf

• Gene expression

ANT ... expressions were examined by RNA gel blot analysis and were found to be unchanged in smpepi ... plants

Clay NK, Nelson T - The recessive epigenetic swellmap mutation affects the expression of two step II splicing factors required for the transcription of the cell proliferation gene STRUWWELPETER and for the timing of cell cycle arrest in the Arabidopsis leaf

• Gene expression

CDC2A expression ... was ... unchanged in smpepi ... plants

Clay NK, Nelson T - The recessive epigenetic swellmap mutation affects the expression of two step II splicing factors required for the transcription of the cell proliferation gene STRUWWELPETER and for the timing of cell cycle arrest in the Arabidopsis leaf

• Gene expression

SMP1 mRNA ... expression intensified in the cotyledon primordia of heart-staged embryos

Clay NK, Nelson T - The recessive epigenetic swellmap mutation affects the expression of two step II splicing factors required for the transcription of the cell proliferation gene STRUWWELPETER and for the timing of cell cycle arrest in the Arabidopsis leaf

• Gene expression

RT-PCR results indicated that the transcripts of ... SMP2 were reduced in smp1epi homozygous plants

Clay NK, Nelson T - The recessive epigenetic swellmap mutation affects the expression of two step II splicing factors required for the transcription of the cell proliferation gene STRUWWELPETER and for the timing of cell cycle arrest in the Arabidopsis leaf

• Gene expression

SMP1 expression is associated with regions of cell proliferation in lateral organs

Clay NK, Nelson T - The recessive epigenetic swellmap mutation affects the expression of two step II splicing factors required for the transcription of the cell proliferation gene STRUWWELPETER and for the timing of cell cycle arrest in the Arabidopsis leaf

• Gene expression

We also generated transgenic plants expressing ProARF2:GUS in order to monitor ARF2 expression during development. GUS activity was detected in the peripheral zone of cotyledons ... in 3-day-old, light-grown transgenic seedlings

Okushima Y, Mitina I, Quach HL, Theologis A - AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 2 (ARF2): a pleiotropic developmental regulator

• Gene expression

The results shown in Figure 1(c) indicate that ARF2 expression in wild-type seedlings ... slightly induced by IAA treatment

Okushima Y, Mitina I, Quach HL, Theologis A - AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 2 (ARF2): a pleiotropic developmental regulator

• Gene expression

We also generated transgenic plants expressing ProARF2:GUS in order to monitor ARF2 expression during development ... little or no GUS expression was detected in cotyledons of etiolated seedlings

Okushima Y, Mitina I, Quach HL, Theologis A - AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 2 (ARF2): a pleiotropic developmental regulator

• Gene expression

Previous studies by Ulmasov et al. (1999a) have shown that ARF2 is expressed in all major plant organs including roots, rosette and caulin leaves, flowers and siliques. These expression characteristics were also confirmed by us using RT-PCR analysis (data not shown

Okushima Y, Mitina I, Quach HL, Theologis A - AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 2 (ARF2): a pleiotropic developmental regulator

• Gene expression

AN3 ... expressed at detectable levels in the shoot tip

Horiguchi G, Kim GT, Tsukaya H - The transcription factor AtGRF5 and the transcription coactivator AN3 regulate cell proliferation in leaf primordia of Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

The expression domains of AtGRF4 ... partially overlapped with the AN3 expression domain, mainly near the midvein

Horiguchi G, Kim GT, Tsukaya H - The transcription factor AtGRF5 and the transcription coactivator AN3 regulate cell proliferation in leaf primordia of Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

AtGRF5 ... undetectable in mature leaves

Horiguchi G, Kim GT, Tsukaya H - The transcription factor AtGRF5 and the transcription coactivator AN3 regulate cell proliferation in leaf primordia of Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

GUS activities in ... AtGRF9 reporter plants were clearly restricted to the lower half of the leaf primordium ... Consistent with this analysis the RT-PCR analysis showed that AN3, AtGRF5, and AtGRF9 are expressed at stronger levels in the lower half than in the upper half of the primordium

Horiguchi G, Kim GT, Tsukaya H - The transcription factor AtGRF5 and the transcription coactivator AN3 regulate cell proliferation in leaf primordia of Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

AN3 expression was undetectable in mature leaves

Horiguchi G, Kim GT, Tsukaya H - The transcription factor AtGRF5 and the transcription coactivator AN3 regulate cell proliferation in leaf primordia of Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

AN3 was strongly expressed in the basal region of leaf primordia of 5-day-old plants

Horiguchi G, Kim GT, Tsukaya H - The transcription factor AtGRF5 and the transcription coactivator AN3 regulate cell proliferation in leaf primordia of Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

AtGRF9 ... undetectable in mature leaves

Horiguchi G, Kim GT, Tsukaya H - The transcription factor AtGRF5 and the transcription coactivator AN3 regulate cell proliferation in leaf primordia of Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

GUS activities in ... AtGRF5 ... reporter plants ... were clearly restricted to the lower half of the leaf primordium ... Consistent with this analysis the RT-PCR analysis showed that AN3, AtGRF5, and AtGRF9 are expressed at stronger levels in the lower half than in the upper half of the primordium

Horiguchi G, Kim GT, Tsukaya H - The transcription factor AtGRF5 and the transcription coactivator AN3 regulate cell proliferation in leaf primordia of Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

The expression domains of ... AtGRF6 partially overlapped with the AN3 expression domain, mainly near the midvein

Horiguchi G, Kim GT, Tsukaya H - The transcription factor AtGRF5 and the transcription coactivator AN3 regulate cell proliferation in leaf primordia of Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

AtGRF9 ... expressed uniformly in the primordium

Horiguchi G, Kim GT, Tsukaya H - The transcription factor AtGRF5 and the transcription coactivator AN3 regulate cell proliferation in leaf primordia of Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

AtGRF7 was strongly expressed in cells surrounding the vasculature

Horiguchi G, Kim GT, Tsukaya H - The transcription factor AtGRF5 and the transcription coactivator AN3 regulate cell proliferation in leaf primordia of Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

GUS activities in AN3 ... reporter plants ... were clearly restricted to the lower half of the leaf primordium ... Consistent with this analysis the RT-PCR analysis showed that AN3, AtGRF5, and AtGRF9 are expressed at stronger levels in the lower half than in the upper half of the primordium

Horiguchi G, Kim GT, Tsukaya H - The transcription factor AtGRF5 and the transcription coactivator AN3 regulate cell proliferation in leaf primordia of Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

AN3 was ... expressed ... weakly in the shoot apical meristem

Horiguchi G, Kim GT, Tsukaya H - The transcription factor AtGRF5 and the transcription coactivator AN3 regulate cell proliferation in leaf primordia of Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

AtGRF5 ... expressed uniformly in the primordium

Horiguchi G, Kim GT, Tsukaya H - The transcription factor AtGRF5 and the transcription coactivator AN3 regulate cell proliferation in leaf primordia of Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

In spite of the striking similarity of the leaf phenotypes of as and aba1 mutants, ectopic expression of the KNAT1 ... was not found, as tested by RT-PCR amplifications of RNA extracted from the leaves of aba1/aba1 plants (data not shown

Barrero JM, Piqueras P, González-Guzmán M, Serrano R, Rodríguez PL, Ponce MR, Micol JL - A mutational analysis of the ABA1 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana highlights the involvement of ABA in vegetative development

• Gene expression

In spite of the striking similarity of the leaf phenotypes of as and aba1 mutants, ectopic expression of ... STM ... was not found, as tested by RT-PCR amplifications of RNA extracted from the leaves of aba1/aba1 plants (data not shown

Barrero JM, Piqueras P, González-Guzmán M, Serrano R, Rodríguez PL, Ponce MR, Micol JL - A mutational analysis of the ABA1 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana highlights the involvement of ABA in vegetative development

• Gene expression

In spite of the striking similarity of the leaf phenotypes of as and aba1 mutants, ectopic expression of the ... KNAT2 ... was not found, as tested by RT-PCR amplifications of RNA extracted from the leaves of aba1/aba1 plants (data not shown

Barrero JM, Piqueras P, González-Guzmán M, Serrano R, Rodríguez PL, Ponce MR, Micol JL - A mutational analysis of the ABA1 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana highlights the involvement of ABA in vegetative development

• Gene expression

Our examination of ANT expression by real time RT-PCR produced results that are in agreement with previous reports of ANT expression in ... seedlings

Nole-Wilson S, Tranby TL, Krizek BA - AINTEGUMENTA-like (AIL) genes are expressed in young tissues and may specify meristematic or division-competent states

• Gene expression

Our examination of ANT expression by real time RT-PCR ... we also observed low expression in mature rosette leaves, which was not previously detected by RNA gel blot analysis (Klucher et al., 1996

Nole-Wilson S, Tranby TL, Krizek BA - AINTEGUMENTA-like (AIL) genes are expressed in young tissues and may specify meristematic or division-competent states

• Gene expression

ANT is expressed at higher levels in most tissues compared to other members of the AIL group

Nole-Wilson S, Tranby TL, Krizek BA - AINTEGUMENTA-like (AIL) genes are expressed in young tissues and may specify meristematic or division-competent states

• Gene expression

the gene encoding ribosomal protein L10A (At2g27530) ... were induced in the ATAF2 KO line compared to the wild type in the non-wounded case only

Delessert C, Kazan K, Wilson IW, Van Der Straeten D, Manners J, Dennis ES, Dolferus R - The transcription factor ATAF2 represses the expression of pathogenesis-related genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

PDF1.1 ... were induced in the KO, in both non-wounded and wounded (30 min) conditions

Delessert C, Kazan K, Wilson IW, Van Der Straeten D, Manners J, Dennis ES, Dolferus R - The transcription factor ATAF2 represses the expression of pathogenesis-related genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

Arabidopsis plants transformed with the ATAF2 promoter fused to the GUS reporter gene (PATAF2:GUS) confirmed the sqRT-PCR results, indicating that ATAF2 was expressed at varying levels in all plant tissues. ATAF2 was highly expressed in ... leaves

Delessert C, Kazan K, Wilson IW, Van Der Straeten D, Manners J, Dennis ES, Dolferus R - The transcription factor ATAF2 represses the expression of pathogenesis-related genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

The expression pattern in cotyledons and leaves was not homogeneous, but GUS staining was present only in particular cell types (Figure 3b). Microscopic examination indicated that ATAF2 was expressed mainly in cells surrounding the sub-stomatal cavity

Delessert C, Kazan K, Wilson IW, Van Der Straeten D, Manners J, Dennis ES, Dolferus R - The transcription factor ATAF2 represses the expression of pathogenesis-related genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

When plants were placed into a high osmotic medium containing mannitol to induce water loss, ATAF2 was induced 2.6-fold

Delessert C, Kazan K, Wilson IW, Van Der Straeten D, Manners J, Dennis ES, Dolferus R - The transcription factor ATAF2 represses the expression of pathogenesis-related genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

Wound induction of ATAF2 was not blocked by mutations affecting ABA biosynthesis (aba1; Koornneef et al., 1982)

Delessert C, Kazan K, Wilson IW, Van Der Straeten D, Manners J, Dennis ES, Dolferus R - The transcription factor ATAF2 represses the expression of pathogenesis-related genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

GST1 (At1g02930) ... were induced in the ATAF2 KO line compared to the wild type in the non-wounded case only

Delessert C, Kazan K, Wilson IW, Van Der Straeten D, Manners J, Dennis ES, Dolferus R - The transcription factor ATAF2 represses the expression of pathogenesis-related genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

ATAF2 ... In mature leaves, strong expression was observed in the hydathodes

Delessert C, Kazan K, Wilson IW, Van Der Straeten D, Manners J, Dennis ES, Dolferus R - The transcription factor ATAF2 represses the expression of pathogenesis-related genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

To confirm the GUS staining results, we measured the expression level of ATAF2 at the wound site (local), in the non-wounded tissue next to the wound site (adjacent), in non-wounded leaves of a wounded plant (systemic) and in leaves of a control non-wounded plant (NWP) using sqRT-PCR (Figure 4). ATAF2 was induced after 30 min in the local tissue (approximately 13× over leaves of non-wounded plants), to a lower extent in the adjacent tissue (approximately 4×) and less in systemic leaves (approximately 2×). This high level of wounding induction is transient, and 5 h after wounding, induction levels were markedly reduced (6×, 2× and 2× over leaves of non-wounded plants, respectively

Delessert C, Kazan K, Wilson IW, Van Der Straeten D, Manners J, Dennis ES, Dolferus R - The transcription factor ATAF2 represses the expression of pathogenesis-related genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

Wound induction of ATAF2 was not blocked by mutations affecting ... ABA response pathways ... abi2

Delessert C, Kazan K, Wilson IW, Van Der Straeten D, Manners J, Dennis ES, Dolferus R - The transcription factor ATAF2 represses the expression of pathogenesis-related genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

PATAF2:GUS transgenic Arabidopsis plants showed a strong induction of GUS activity immediately around the damaged area of a wounded leaf

Delessert C, Kazan K, Wilson IW, Van Der Straeten D, Manners J, Dennis ES, Dolferus R - The transcription factor ATAF2 represses the expression of pathogenesis-related genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

ATAF2 expression was induced in leaves by the application of ... SA (6.5X)

Delessert C, Kazan K, Wilson IW, Van Der Straeten D, Manners J, Dennis ES, Dolferus R - The transcription factor ATAF2 represses the expression of pathogenesis-related genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

PR1 (At2g14610) ... were induced in the ATAF2 KO line compared to the wild type in the non-wounded case only

Delessert C, Kazan K, Wilson IW, Van Der Straeten D, Manners J, Dennis ES, Dolferus R - The transcription factor ATAF2 represses the expression of pathogenesis-related genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

Arabidopsis plants transformed with the ATAF2 promoter fused to the GUS reporter gene (PATAF2:GUS) confirmed the sqRT-PCR results, indicating that ATAF2 was expressed at varying levels in all plant tissues. ATAF2 was highly expressed in cotyledons

Delessert C, Kazan K, Wilson IW, Van Der Straeten D, Manners J, Dennis ES, Dolferus R - The transcription factor ATAF2 represses the expression of pathogenesis-related genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

However, plants kept in the dark for 5 h showed increased ATAF2 expression (2.1-fold; Figure 5a), indicating that light negatively influences ATAF2 expression

Delessert C, Kazan K, Wilson IW, Van Der Straeten D, Manners J, Dennis ES, Dolferus R - The transcription factor ATAF2 represses the expression of pathogenesis-related genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

ATAF2 expression ... in leaves ... ABA treatment did not have any effect

Delessert C, Kazan K, Wilson IW, Van Der Straeten D, Manners J, Dennis ES, Dolferus R - The transcription factor ATAF2 represses the expression of pathogenesis-related genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

When the response of ATAF2 to sugar was tested by transferring plants to liquid MS medium in the presence or absence of 3% sucrose 4 days prior to hormone or stress treatments, ATAF2 expression was higher in all treatments in the absence of sugars. This was especially evident in the response to dark, where ATAF2 induction was 2.6 times higher in the absence than in the presence of sucrose

Delessert C, Kazan K, Wilson IW, Van Der Straeten D, Manners J, Dennis ES, Dolferus R - The transcription factor ATAF2 represses the expression of pathogenesis-related genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

ATAF2 expression was induced in leaves by the application of MeJA (7.4X)

Delessert C, Kazan K, Wilson IW, Van Der Straeten D, Manners J, Dennis ES, Dolferus R - The transcription factor ATAF2 represses the expression of pathogenesis-related genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

ATAF2 ... in older senescing cotyledons, expression is clearly restricted to stomatal guard cells

Delessert C, Kazan K, Wilson IW, Van Der Straeten D, Manners J, Dennis ES, Dolferus R - The transcription factor ATAF2 represses the expression of pathogenesis-related genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

the H-protein promoter binding factor-2a (At3g47500) were induced in the ATAF2 KO line compared to the wild type in the non-wounded case only

Delessert C, Kazan K, Wilson IW, Van Der Straeten D, Manners J, Dennis ES, Dolferus R - The transcription factor ATAF2 represses the expression of pathogenesis-related genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

Expression analysis using semi-quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (sqRT-PCR) indicated that ATAF2 was expressed in roots, leaves, seedlings and mature flowers (Figure 2). The expression was highest in roots and leaves, and lowest in flower buds and bolt stems

Delessert C, Kazan K, Wilson IW, Van Der Straeten D, Manners J, Dennis ES, Dolferus R - The transcription factor ATAF2 represses the expression of pathogenesis-related genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

a gene encoding a 33 kDa secretory protein-related protein (At5g48540) were induced in the KO, in both non-wounded and wounded (30 min) conditions

Delessert C, Kazan K, Wilson IW, Van Der Straeten D, Manners J, Dennis ES, Dolferus R - The transcription factor ATAF2 represses the expression of pathogenesis-related genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

PDF1.2 ... were induced in the KO, in both non-wounded and wounded (30 min) conditions

Delessert C, Kazan K, Wilson IW, Van Der Straeten D, Manners J, Dennis ES, Dolferus R - The transcription factor ATAF2 represses the expression of pathogenesis-related genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

ATAF2 ... In mature leaves ... a low background level of expression was occasionally observed in the whole leaf and/or in the vascular tissue

Delessert C, Kazan K, Wilson IW, Van Der Straeten D, Manners J, Dennis ES, Dolferus R - The transcription factor ATAF2 represses the expression of pathogenesis-related genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

Wound induction of ATAF2 was not blocked by mutations affecting ... ABA response pathways ... abi1

Delessert C, Kazan K, Wilson IW, Van Der Straeten D, Manners J, Dennis ES, Dolferus R - The transcription factor ATAF2 represses the expression of pathogenesis-related genes in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

We then compared expression of AP1, FUL, and SEP3 in mature rosette leaves of wild-type plants or those overexpressing FT (Figure 2B) or TFT (see Supplemental Figure 3B online). Plants were grown for 30 d under conditions that enhance curling (conditions A2 and A4 in Table 1, respectively). All three genes were highly misexpressed in the rosette leaves of both transgenic lines. Fold induction ranged between 5.4 (FUL) and 21 (SEP3) for Pro35S:FT plants grown under long days

Teper-Bamnolker P, Samach A - The flowering integrator FT regulates SEPALLATA3 and FRUITFULL accumulation in Arabidopsis leaves

• Gene expression

In 30-d-old rosette leaves, we detected a consistent 10-fold decrease in the expression of SEP3 and FUL in ft-2 mutants

Teper-Bamnolker P, Samach A - The flowering integrator FT regulates SEPALLATA3 and FRUITFULL accumulation in Arabidopsis leaves

• Gene expression

We therefore asked whether FD is required for FT-dependent accumulation of SEP3 and FUL in mature rosette leaves. Indeed, the fd-1 mutation had an effect similar to that of ft-2 in reducing the expression of these genes in mature rosette leaves (Figure 2C

Teper-Bamnolker P, Samach A - The flowering integrator FT regulates SEPALLATA3 and FRUITFULL accumulation in Arabidopsis leaves

• Gene expression

We then compared expression of AP1, FUL, and SEP3 in mature rosette leaves of wild-type plants or those overexpressing FT (Figure 2B) or TFT (see Supplemental Figure 3B online). Plants were grown for 30 d under conditions that enhance curling (conditions A2 and A4 in Table 1, respectively). All three genes were highly misexpressed in the rosette leaves of both transgenic lines. Fold induction ranged between 5.4 (FUL) and 21 (SEP3) for Pro35S:FT plants grown under long days

Teper-Bamnolker P, Samach A - The flowering integrator FT regulates SEPALLATA3 and FRUITFULL accumulation in Arabidopsis leaves

• Gene expression

In 30-d-old rosette leaves, we detected a consistent 10-fold decrease in the expression of SEP3 and FUL in ft-2 mutants

Teper-Bamnolker P, Samach A - The flowering integrator FT regulates SEPALLATA3 and FRUITFULL accumulation in Arabidopsis leaves

• Gene expression

We then compared expression of AP1, FUL, and SEP3 in mature rosette leaves of wild-type plants or those overexpressing FT (Figure 2B) or TFT (see Supplemental Figure 3B online). Plants were grown for 30 d under conditions that enhance curling (conditions A2 and A4 in Table 1, respectively). All three genes were highly misexpressed in the rosette leaves of both transgenic lines. Fold induction ranged between 5.4 (FUL) and 21 (SEP3) for Pro35S:FT plants grown under long days

Teper-Bamnolker P, Samach A - The flowering integrator FT regulates SEPALLATA3 and FRUITFULL accumulation in Arabidopsis leaves

• Gene expression

We therefore asked whether FD is required for FT-dependent accumulation of SEP3 and FUL in mature rosette leaves. Indeed, the fd-1 mutation had an effect similar to that of ft-2 in reducing the expression of these genes in mature rosette leaves (Figure 2C

Teper-Bamnolker P, Samach A - The flowering integrator FT regulates SEPALLATA3 and FRUITFULL accumulation in Arabidopsis leaves

• Gene expression

The expression of AS2 was not altered in the ... GTE6 RNAi plants

Chua YL, Channelière S, Mott E, Gray JC - The bromodomain protein GTE6 controls leaf development in Arabidopsis by histone acetylation at ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1

• Gene expression

The expression of AS2 was not altered in the GTE6 overexpressing mutants

Chua YL, Channelière S, Mott E, Gray JC - The bromodomain protein GTE6 controls leaf development in Arabidopsis by histone acetylation at ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1

• Gene expression

Elevated GTE6 expression in the 35S::GTE6 plants resulted in more AS1 transcripts

Chua YL, Channelière S, Mott E, Gray JC - The bromodomain protein GTE6 controls leaf development in Arabidopsis by histone acetylation at ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1

• Gene expression

The expression of other genes involved in leaf development, such as ... DRL ... was also investigated. However, no change in the transcript levels of these genes was observed in the GTE6 mutants, suggesting that GTE6 is not regulating the expression of these genes

Chua YL, Channelière S, Mott E, Gray JC - The bromodomain protein GTE6 controls leaf development in Arabidopsis by histone acetylation at ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1

• Gene expression

In the basal rosette leaves of 21-d-old wild-type plants, GTE6 transcripts are more abundant in leaves 6 and 7, which possess narrow elliptical laminae, than in leaves 1-4, which have round laminae (Fig. 1C,D), suggesting a possible correlation between GTE6 expression and the formation of elliptical leaf laminae in mature leaves

Chua YL, Channelière S, Mott E, Gray JC - The bromodomain protein GTE6 controls leaf development in Arabidopsis by histone acetylation at ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1

• Gene expression

The expression of other genes involved in leaf development, such as ... ROT3 ... was also investigated. However, no change in the transcript levels of these genes was observed in the GTE6 mutants, suggesting that GTE6 is not regulating the expression of these genes

Chua YL, Channelière S, Mott E, Gray JC - The bromodomain protein GTE6 controls leaf development in Arabidopsis by histone acetylation at ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1

• Gene expression

The T-DNA insertions resulted in fewer GTE6 transcripts in leaf 7 (Fig. 2B), suggesting misregulation of GTE6 expression. The transcript abundance of GTE6 in leaf 7 of the insertion mutants was similar to leaf 4 of the wild-type and the insertion mutant plants, suggesting that the T-DNA insertions have disrupted the activation of GTE6 expression in the mature leaves ... Thus, elevated expression of GTE6 in leaves 6 and 7 of wild-type plants is important for the development of the elliptical leaf lamina

Chua YL, Channelière S, Mott E, Gray JC - The bromodomain protein GTE6 controls leaf development in Arabidopsis by histone acetylation at ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1

• Gene expression

The expression of other genes involved in leaf development, such as AN ... was also investigated. However, no change in the transcript levels of these genes was observed in the GTE6 mutants, suggesting that GTE6 is not regulating the expression of these genes

Chua YL, Channelière S, Mott E, Gray JC - The bromodomain protein GTE6 controls leaf development in Arabidopsis by histone acetylation at ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1

• Gene expression

decreased expression of GTE6 in the RNAi plants resulted in fewer AS1 transcripts

Chua YL, Channelière S, Mott E, Gray JC - The bromodomain protein GTE6 controls leaf development in Arabidopsis by histone acetylation at ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1

• Gene expression

The expression of other genes involved in leaf development, such as ... TPC2 ... was also investigated. However, no change in the transcript levels of these genes was observed in the GTE6 mutants, suggesting that GTE6 is not regulating the expression of these genes

Chua YL, Channelière S, Mott E, Gray JC - The bromodomain protein GTE6 controls leaf development in Arabidopsis by histone acetylation at ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1

• Gene expression

The expression of other genes involved in leaf development, such as ... CLF ... was also investigated. However, no change in the transcript levels of these genes was observed in the GTE6 mutants, suggesting that GTE6 is not regulating the expression of these genes

Chua YL, Channelière S, Mott E, Gray JC - The bromodomain protein GTE6 controls leaf development in Arabidopsis by histone acetylation at ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1

• Gene expression

In wild-type plants, PIAA3::GUS was expressed in ... cotyledons

Ellis CM, Nagpal P, Young JC, Hagen G, Guilfoyle TJ, Reed JW - AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR1 and AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR2 regulate senescence and floral organ abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

ARF19 ... induced in senescing leaves (Lin and Wu, 2004) and this was confirmed by RNA gel blot analysis (Fig. 8C

Ellis CM, Nagpal P, Young JC, Hagen G, Guilfoyle TJ, Reed JW - AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR1 and AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR2 regulate senescence and floral organ abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

Ectopic PIAA3::GUS ... stain was also observed in the leaves of arf1-4 seedlings

Ellis CM, Nagpal P, Young JC, Hagen G, Guilfoyle TJ, Reed JW - AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR1 and AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR2 regulate senescence and floral organ abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

IAA5 mRNA levels were increased in auxin-treated arf1-4 seedlings

Ellis CM, Nagpal P, Young JC, Hagen G, Guilfoyle TJ, Reed JW - AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR1 and AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR2 regulate senescence and floral organ abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

RNA levels of ... IAA5 ... in arf2 flowers (Fig. 6S) and seedlings (data not shown) were similar to those of Columbia plants

Ellis CM, Nagpal P, Young JC, Hagen G, Guilfoyle TJ, Reed JW - AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR1 and AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR2 regulate senescence and floral organ abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

IAA2 ... mRNA levels were increased in auxin-treated arf1-4 seedlings

Ellis CM, Nagpal P, Young JC, Hagen G, Guilfoyle TJ, Reed JW - AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR1 and AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR2 regulate senescence and floral organ abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

In wild-type plants ... PIAA7::GUS was expressed in ... shoot meristems

Ellis CM, Nagpal P, Young JC, Hagen G, Guilfoyle TJ, Reed JW - AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR1 and AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR2 regulate senescence and floral organ abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

PARF1::GUS ... X-Gluc staining appeared throughout 8-day-old seedlings and in rosette leaves (data not shown

Ellis CM, Nagpal P, Young JC, Hagen G, Guilfoyle TJ, Reed JW - AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR1 and AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR2 regulate senescence and floral organ abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

Microarray studies also indicated that ARF2 mRNA increased during senescence (Lin and Wu, 2004). We examined PARF2::GUS::ARF2 plants (Li et al., 2004) to determine the levels of ARF2 protein in senescing leaves. In mature, fresh fully expanded rosette leaves or in those placed in the dark for 2 days, little GUS staining was observed (Fig. 4A,B). After 4 and 6 days in darkness, GUS staining was evident (Fig. 4C,D). GUS activity was highest in vasculature, but was also present in ground tissue. Together these data indicate that ARF2 accumulated during leaf senescence

Ellis CM, Nagpal P, Young JC, Hagen G, Guilfoyle TJ, Reed JW - AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR1 and AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR2 regulate senescence and floral organ abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

RNA gel blot hybridizations confirmed that endogenous ... IAA7 mRNA levels were increased in arf1-4 flowers and seedlings, and in arf1-4 arf2-8 flowers (Fig. 6S

Ellis CM, Nagpal P, Young JC, Hagen G, Guilfoyle TJ, Reed JW - AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR1 and AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR2 regulate senescence and floral organ abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

Ectopic ... PIAA7::GUS stain was also observed in the leaves of arf1-4 seedlings

Ellis CM, Nagpal P, Young JC, Hagen G, Guilfoyle TJ, Reed JW - AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR1 and AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR2 regulate senescence and floral organ abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

ARF1 mRNA decreased as senescence progressed in ... Columbia ... plants

Ellis CM, Nagpal P, Young JC, Hagen G, Guilfoyle TJ, Reed JW - AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR1 and AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR2 regulate senescence and floral organ abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

ARF1 mRNA decreased as senescence progressed in ... arf2-8 plants

Ellis CM, Nagpal P, Young JC, Hagen G, Guilfoyle TJ, Reed JW - AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR1 and AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR2 regulate senescence and floral organ abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

In wild-type plants, PIAA3::GUS was expressed in ... expanding leaves

Ellis CM, Nagpal P, Young JC, Hagen G, Guilfoyle TJ, Reed JW - AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR1 and AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR2 regulate senescence and floral organ abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

PARF2::GUS ... X-Gluc staining appeared throughout 8-day-old seedlings and in rosette leaves (data not shown

Ellis CM, Nagpal P, Young JC, Hagen G, Guilfoyle TJ, Reed JW - AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR1 and AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR2 regulate senescence and floral organ abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

RNA levels of ... IAA7 ... in arf2 flowers (Fig. 6S) and seedlings (data not shown) were similar to those of Columbia plants

Ellis CM, Nagpal P, Young JC, Hagen G, Guilfoyle TJ, Reed JW - AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR1 and AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR2 regulate senescence and floral organ abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

NPH4/ARF7 mRNA levels in arf2-8 leaves were approximately twofold higher than in Columbia leaves at the start of the experiment

Ellis CM, Nagpal P, Young JC, Hagen G, Guilfoyle TJ, Reed JW - AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR1 and AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR2 regulate senescence and floral organ abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

RNA gel blot hybridizations confirmed that endogenous IAA3 ... mRNA levels were increased in arf1-4 flowers and seedlings, and in arf1-4 arf2-8 flowers (Fig. 6S

Ellis CM, Nagpal P, Young JC, Hagen G, Guilfoyle TJ, Reed JW - AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR1 and AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR2 regulate senescence and floral organ abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

RNA levels of IAA2 ... in arf2 flowers (Fig. 6S) and seedlings (data not shown) were similar to those of Columbia plants

Ellis CM, Nagpal P, Young JC, Hagen G, Guilfoyle TJ, Reed JW - AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR1 and AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR2 regulate senescence and floral organ abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

ARF1 ... present in roots, rosette leaves, cauline leaves and flowers (Ulmasov et al., 1999b

Ellis CM, Nagpal P, Young JC, Hagen G, Guilfoyle TJ, Reed JW - AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR1 and AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR2 regulate senescence and floral organ abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

Younger, expanding leaves of PARF2::GUS::ARF2 plants also stained in the vasculature and ground tissue, both in freshly detached leaves and in those placed in the dark for 4 days

Ellis CM, Nagpal P, Young JC, Hagen G, Guilfoyle TJ, Reed JW - AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR1 and AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR2 regulate senescence and floral organ abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

ARF2 mRNA ... present in roots, rosette leaves, cauline leaves and flowers (Ulmasov et al., 1999b

Ellis CM, Nagpal P, Young JC, Hagen G, Guilfoyle TJ, Reed JW - AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR1 and AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR2 regulate senescence and floral organ abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

RNA levels of ... IAA3 ... in arf2 flowers (Fig. 6S) and seedlings (data not shown) were similar to those of Columbia plants

Ellis CM, Nagpal P, Young JC, Hagen G, Guilfoyle TJ, Reed JW - AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR1 and AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR2 regulate senescence and floral organ abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

NPH4/ARF7 ... induced in senescing leaves (Lin and Wu, 2004) and this was confirmed by RNA gel blot analysis (Fig. 8C

Ellis CM, Nagpal P, Young JC, Hagen G, Guilfoyle TJ, Reed JW - AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR1 and AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR2 regulate senescence and floral organ abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

Younger, expanding leaves of PARF2::GUS::ARF2 plants also stained in the vasculature ... both in freshly detached leaves and in those placed in the dark for 4 days

Ellis CM, Nagpal P, Young JC, Hagen G, Guilfoyle TJ, Reed JW - AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR1 and AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR2 regulate senescence and floral organ abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

ARF1 mRNA levels were quantified in three independent blots and were found to be slightly higher (2.7±0.9-fold) in freshly detached arf2 leaves when compared with Columbia leaves

Ellis CM, Nagpal P, Young JC, Hagen G, Guilfoyle TJ, Reed JW - AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR1 and AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR2 regulate senescence and floral organ abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Gene expression

BP ... are not ... misregulated in se mutants

Grigg SP, Canales C, Hay A, Tsiantis M - SERRATE coordinates shoot meristem function and leaf axial patterning in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

se-3 plants with hypertrophic apices express PHB transcript strongly ... lateral organ primordia

Grigg SP, Canales C, Hay A, Tsiantis M - SERRATE coordinates shoot meristem function and leaf axial patterning in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

Levels of miR165 ... primary transcripts were elevated in se mutants compared to wild type

Grigg SP, Canales C, Hay A, Tsiantis M - SERRATE coordinates shoot meristem function and leaf axial patterning in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

Levels of ... miR166 primary transcripts were elevated in se mutants compared to wild type

Grigg SP, Canales C, Hay A, Tsiantis M - SERRATE coordinates shoot meristem function and leaf axial patterning in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

Zip III gene CORONA (CNA)17 ... shows elevated expression in se-3 plants

Grigg SP, Canales C, Hay A, Tsiantis M - SERRATE coordinates shoot meristem function and leaf axial patterning in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

Misexpression of PHB in se mutants was evident at the eight-cell stage of embryogenesis

Grigg SP, Canales C, Hay A, Tsiantis M - SERRATE coordinates shoot meristem function and leaf axial patterning in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

PHB ... in se plants it is expressed broadly, extending into the abaxial ... domain

Grigg SP, Canales C, Hay A, Tsiantis M - SERRATE coordinates shoot meristem function and leaf axial patterning in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

KNAT2 are not ... misregulated in se mutants

Grigg SP, Canales C, Hay A, Tsiantis M - SERRATE coordinates shoot meristem function and leaf axial patterning in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

PHB expression domain is expanded in se mutant SAMs

Grigg SP, Canales C, Hay A, Tsiantis M - SERRATE coordinates shoot meristem function and leaf axial patterning in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

All three se alleles show increased expression of ... PHB

Grigg SP, Canales C, Hay A, Tsiantis M - SERRATE coordinates shoot meristem function and leaf axial patterning in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

STM ... are not ... misregulated in se mutants

Grigg SP, Canales C, Hay A, Tsiantis M - SERRATE coordinates shoot meristem function and leaf axial patterning in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

in arf2 mutants ... we detected ... CYCD3;1 ... expression in mature leaves of mutant but not wild-type plants, indicating that loss of ARF2 function prolongs expression of these genes

Schruff MC, Spielman M, Tiwari S, Adams S, Fenby N, Scott RJ - The AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 2 gene of Arabidopsis links auxin signalling, cell division, and the size of seeds and other organs

• Gene expression

in arf2 mutants ... ARGOS was expressed in mature leaf and stem at similar levels in mutants and wild type

Schruff MC, Spielman M, Tiwari S, Adams S, Fenby N, Scott RJ - The AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 2 gene of Arabidopsis links auxin signalling, cell division, and the size of seeds and other organs

• Gene expression

RNA gel blot analysis has shown that ARF2 is expressed in roots, leaves, flowers and siliques (Ulmasov et al., 1999b

Schruff MC, Spielman M, Tiwari S, Adams S, Fenby N, Scott RJ - The AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 2 gene of Arabidopsis links auxin signalling, cell division, and the size of seeds and other organs

• Gene expression

in arf2 mutants ... we detected both ANT ... expression in mature leaves of mutant but not wild-type plants

Schruff MC, Spielman M, Tiwari S, Adams S, Fenby N, Scott RJ - The AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 2 gene of Arabidopsis links auxin signalling, cell division, and the size of seeds and other organs

• Gene expression

We found that hyp7 has similar GL2::GUS expression patterns in leaf trichomes

Sugimoto-Shirasu K, Roberts GR, Stacey NJ, McCann MC, Maxwell A, Roberts K - RHL1 is an essential component of the plant DNA topoisomerase VI complex and is required for ploidy-dependent cell growth

• Gene expression

all topo VI genes, AtSPO11-3/RHL2, AtTOP6B/HYP6/RHL3, and RHL1, are expressed in proliferating and endoreduplicating cells

Sugimoto-Shirasu K, Roberts GR, Stacey NJ, McCann MC, Maxwell A, Roberts K - RHL1 is an essential component of the plant DNA topoisomerase VI complex and is required for ploidy-dependent cell growth

• Gene expression

we found that the topo II gene, AtTOP2, is preferentially expressed in proliferating cells

Sugimoto-Shirasu K, Roberts GR, Stacey NJ, McCann MC, Maxwell A, Roberts K - RHL1 is an essential component of the plant DNA topoisomerase VI complex and is required for ploidy-dependent cell growth

• Gene expression

all topo VI genes, AtSPO11-3/RHL2, AtTOP6B/HYP6/RHL3, and RHL1, are expressed in proliferating and endoreduplicating cells

Sugimoto-Shirasu K, Roberts GR, Stacey NJ, McCann MC, Maxwell A, Roberts K - RHL1 is an essential component of the plant DNA topoisomerase VI complex and is required for ploidy-dependent cell growth

• Gene expression

in vivo visualization revealed that the AtSPO11–3/RHL2 protein fused to GFP is present in ... shoot apical meristem

Sugimoto-Shirasu K, Roberts GR, Stacey NJ, McCann MC, Maxwell A, Roberts K - RHL1 is an essential component of the plant DNA topoisomerase VI complex and is required for ploidy-dependent cell growth

• Gene expression

all topo VI genes, AtSPO11-3/RHL2, AtTOP6B/HYP6/RHL3, and RHL1, are expressed in proliferating and endoreduplicating cells

Sugimoto-Shirasu K, Roberts GR, Stacey NJ, McCann MC, Maxwell A, Roberts K - RHL1 is an essential component of the plant DNA topoisomerase VI complex and is required for ploidy-dependent cell growth

• Gene expression

in vivo visualization revealed that the AtSPO11–3/RHL2 protein fused to GFP is present in ... young leaf petiole cells

Sugimoto-Shirasu K, Roberts GR, Stacey NJ, McCann MC, Maxwell A, Roberts K - RHL1 is an essential component of the plant DNA topoisomerase VI complex and is required for ploidy-dependent cell growth

• Gene expression

dexamethasone (Dex)-inducible system ... Arabidopsis transgenic plants that can express geminivirus RepA protein (RepAwt) in an inducible manner ... we detected the viral protein by immunofluorescence in cross sections of leaves. As shown in Figure 1F, RepA accumulates in all leaf cell layers after Dex treatment

Desvoyes B, Ramirez-Parra E, Xie Q, Chua NH, Gutierrez C - Cell type-specific role of the retinoblastoma/E2F pathway during Arabidopsis leaf development

• Gene expression

dexamethasone (Dex)-inducible system ... Arabidopsis transgenic plants that can express geminivirus RepA protein (RepAwt) in an inducible manner ... PCNA ... expression ... increased in the RepAwt-expressing plants

Desvoyes B, Ramirez-Parra E, Xie Q, Chua NH, Gutierrez C - Cell type-specific role of the retinoblastoma/E2F pathway during Arabidopsis leaf development

• Gene expression

dexamethasone (Dex)-inducible system ... Arabidopsis transgenic plants that can express geminivirus RepA protein (RepAwt) in an inducible manner ... we determined by real-time reverse transcription (RT)-PCR the mRNA levels of ... after induction of the viral protein ... E2Fc ... was up-regulated in these plants

Desvoyes B, Ramirez-Parra E, Xie Q, Chua NH, Gutierrez C - Cell type-specific role of the retinoblastoma/E2F pathway during Arabidopsis leaf development

• Gene expression

dexamethasone (Dex)-inducible system ... Arabidopsis transgenic plants that can express geminivirus RepA protein (RepAwt) in an inducible manner ... CDC6 ... expression ... increased in the RepAwt-expressing plants

Desvoyes B, Ramirez-Parra E, Xie Q, Chua NH, Gutierrez C - Cell type-specific role of the retinoblastoma/E2F pathway during Arabidopsis leaf development

• Gene expression

dexamethasone (Dex)-inducible system ... Arabidopsis transgenic plants that can express geminivirus RepA protein (RepAwt) in an inducible manner ... expressing a translational fusion of the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene with the destruction box of cyclin B1;1, a useful G2/M marker ... after induction by Dex, we observed a stronger GUS expression in the leaf primordia

Desvoyes B, Ramirez-Parra E, Xie Q, Chua NH, Gutierrez C - Cell type-specific role of the retinoblastoma/E2F pathway during Arabidopsis leaf development

• Gene expression

dexamethasone (Dex)-inducible system ... Arabidopsis transgenic plants that can express geminivirus RepA protein (RepAwt) in an inducible manner ... CDT1 ... expression ... increased in the RepAwt-expressing plants

Desvoyes B, Ramirez-Parra E, Xie Q, Chua NH, Gutierrez C - Cell type-specific role of the retinoblastoma/E2F pathway during Arabidopsis leaf development

• Gene expression

dexamethasone (Dex)-inducible system ... Arabidopsis transgenic plants that can express geminivirus RepA protein (RepAwt) in an inducible manner ... we determined by real-time reverse transcription (RT)-PCR the mRNA levels of ... after induction of the viral protein ... E2Fa ... was up-regulated in these plants

Desvoyes B, Ramirez-Parra E, Xie Q, Chua NH, Gutierrez C - Cell type-specific role of the retinoblastoma/E2F pathway during Arabidopsis leaf development

• Gene expression

dexamethasone (Dex)-inducible system ... Arabidopsis transgenic plants that can express geminivirus RepA protein (RepAwt) in an inducible manner ... expressing a translational fusion of the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene with the destruction box of cyclin B1;1, a useful G2/M marker ... after induction by Dex, we observed a stronger GUS expression ... in the proximal zone of young leaves

Desvoyes B, Ramirez-Parra E, Xie Q, Chua NH, Gutierrez C - Cell type-specific role of the retinoblastoma/E2F pathway during Arabidopsis leaf development

• Gene expression

dexamethasone (Dex)-inducible system ... Arabidopsis transgenic plants that can express geminivirus RepA protein (RepAwt) in an inducible manner ... members of the ORC (origin recognition complex ... expression ... increased in the RepAwt-expressing plants

Desvoyes B, Ramirez-Parra E, Xie Q, Chua NH, Gutierrez C - Cell type-specific role of the retinoblastoma/E2F pathway during Arabidopsis leaf development

• Gene expression

BAM1, BAM2 and BAM3 were broadly expressed throughout the different tissues and developmental stages examined

DeYoung BJ, Bickle KL, Schrage KJ, Muskett P, Patel K, Clark SE - The CLAVATA1-related BAM1, BAM2 and BAM3 receptor kinase-like proteins are required for meristem function in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

A robust signal for both BAM1 and BAM2 genes could be detected on the flanks of the meristem (Figure 5)

DeYoung BJ, Bickle KL, Schrage KJ, Muskett P, Patel K, Clark SE - The CLAVATA1-related BAM1, BAM2 and BAM3 receptor kinase-like proteins are required for meristem function in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

BAM1, BAM2 and BAM3 were broadly expressed throughout the different tissues and developmental stages examined

DeYoung BJ, Bickle KL, Schrage KJ, Muskett P, Patel K, Clark SE - The CLAVATA1-related BAM1, BAM2 and BAM3 receptor kinase-like proteins are required for meristem function in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

BAM1, BAM2 and BAM3 were broadly expressed throughout the different tissues and developmental stages examined

DeYoung BJ, Bickle KL, Schrage KJ, Muskett P, Patel K, Clark SE - The CLAVATA1-related BAM1, BAM2 and BAM3 receptor kinase-like proteins are required for meristem function in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

A robust signal for both BAM1 and BAM2 genes could be detected on the flanks of the meristem (Figure 5

DeYoung BJ, Bickle KL, Schrage KJ, Muskett P, Patel K, Clark SE - The CLAVATA1-related BAM1, BAM2 and BAM3 receptor kinase-like proteins are required for meristem function in Arabidopsis

• Gene expression

Genes expressed to higher levels in the cyp98A3 mutant were clearly over-represented in the functional group related to jasmonate signaling (Fig. 8B). Indeed, many genes involved in the biosynthesis of jasmonate are significantly higher expressed in the mutant compared to wild type (Ws); These include LOX2 (see above), LOX1, allene oxide synthase (CYP74A, At5g42650), and allene oxide cyclase 4 (At1g13280). In addition, genes related to the abscisic acid cascade are over-represented in the group of genes expressed to higher levels in cyp98A3 insertion mutants (Fig. 8B). These include the gene responsive to dehydration 22 (RD22I, At5g25610), which is strongly induced by abscisic acid and drought (Yamaguchi-Shinozaki and Shinozaki, 1993), and the Arg decarboxylase 2 (ADC2, At4g34710) gene, which is strongly activated by abscisic acid, but also by methyl jasmonate and mechanical wounding, and is involved in polyamine biosynthesis (Perez-Amador et al., 2002). Also expressed to higher levels in cyp98A3 insertion mutants were two homeodomain Leu-zipper transcription factors (ATHB5, At5g65310; and ATHB7, At2g46680) involved in abscisic acid-mediated signaling pathways related to drought and osmotic stress (Söderman et al., 1996) and seed germination (Johannesson et al., 2003), respectively

Abdulrazzak N, Pollet B, Ehlting J, Larsen K, Asnaghi C, Ronseau S, Proux C, Erhardt M, Seltzer V, Renou JP, Ullmann P, Pauly M, Lapierre C, Werck-Reichhart D - A coumaroyl-ester-3-hydroxylase insertion mutant reveals the existence of nonredundant meta-hydroxylation pathways and essential roles for phenolic precursors in cell expansion and plant growth

• Gene expression

Indeed, several genes encoding proteins involved in the light-harvesting complex (e.g. chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins At2g34430, At3g08940, and At3g47470), in photosynthetic electron transport (e.g. the putative ferredoxin At1g10960 and proton gradient regulation 5, At2g05620; Munekage et al., 2002), and in the Calvin cycle (e.g. Rubisco At5g38410 and the putative Rib-5-P isomerase At3g04790) are strongly down-regulated in the mutant compared to the wild type (Supplemental Table I

Abdulrazzak N, Pollet B, Ehlting J, Larsen K, Asnaghi C, Ronseau S, Proux C, Erhardt M, Seltzer V, Renou JP, Ullmann P, Pauly M, Lapierre C, Werck-Reichhart D - A coumaroyl-ester-3-hydroxylase insertion mutant reveals the existence of nonredundant meta-hydroxylation pathways and essential roles for phenolic precursors in cell expansion and plant growth

• Gene expression

In contrast, genes expressed to higher levels in cyp98A3 insertion mutants compared to wild type were over-represented in functional categories covering carbohydrate metabolism and include genes encoding enzymes in glycolysis (e.g. the glyceraldehyde 3-P dehydrogenase, At3g04120), the tricarboxylic acid cycle (e.g. the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, At3g14940), and other anaerobic metabolisms (alcohol dehydrogenase, At1g77120). Also, functional categories related to defense responses were over-represented (Fig. 8A). Among these were genes known to be transcriptionally induced by insect feeding (the β-glucosidase BGL1, At1g52400; and the lipoxygenase LOX2, At3g45140; Stotz et al., 2000) or wounding/jasmonate (e.g. jasmonate response JR1, At3g16470; Leon et al., 1998). Finally, genes involved in secondary metabolism are over-represented in the group of up-regulated genes (Fig. 8A). It is noteworthy that genes encoding enzymes involved in flavonoid and anthocyanin biosynthesis and transport are expressed to higher levels in the cyp98A3 insertion mutant; These include chalcone isomerase (CHI, At3g55120), dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR, At5g42800), flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H, At3g51240), and gluthation transferase (TT19, At5g17220; Weisshaar and Jenkins, 1998; Kitamura et al., 2004

Abdulrazzak N, Pollet B, Ehlting J, Larsen K, Asnaghi C, Ronseau S, Proux C, Erhardt M, Seltzer V, Renou JP, Ullmann P, Pauly M, Lapierre C, Werck-Reichhart D - A coumaroyl-ester-3-hydroxylase insertion mutant reveals the existence of nonredundant meta-hydroxylation pathways and essential roles for phenolic precursors in cell expansion and plant growth

• Gene expression

While transcript levels of genes encoding Phe ammonia lyase (PAL1; At2g37040) and HCT (At5g48930; Fig. 7A) were comparable in cyp98A3 mutants and wild type at all time points, an increase in C4H (CYP73A5; At2g30490) expression compared to wild type was observed at the 2-, 4-, and 8-h time points in cyp98A3 insertion mutants (Fig. 7A

Abdulrazzak N, Pollet B, Ehlting J, Larsen K, Asnaghi C, Ronseau S, Proux C, Erhardt M, Seltzer V, Renou JP, Ullmann P, Pauly M, Lapierre C, Werck-Reichhart D - A coumaroyl-ester-3-hydroxylase insertion mutant reveals the existence of nonredundant meta-hydroxylation pathways and essential roles for phenolic precursors in cell expansion and plant growth

• Gene expression

Genes expressed to higher levels in the cyp98A3 mutant were clearly over-represented in the functional group related to jasmonate signaling (Fig. 8B). Indeed, many genes involved in the biosynthesis of jasmonate are significantly higher expressed in the mutant compared to wild type (Ws); These include LOX2 (see above), LOX1, allene oxide synthase (CYP74A, At5g42650), and allene oxide cyclase 4 (At1g13280). In addition, genes related to the abscisic acid cascade are over-represented in the group of genes expressed to higher levels in cyp98A3 insertion mutants (Fig. 8B). These include the gene responsive to dehydration 22 (RD22I, At5g25610), which is strongly induced by abscisic acid and drought (Yamaguchi-Shinozaki and Shinozaki, 1993), and the Arg decarboxylase 2 (ADC2, At4g34710) gene, which is strongly activated by abscisic acid, but also by methyl jasmonate and mechanical wounding, and is involved in polyamine biosynthesis (Perez-Amador et al., 2002). Also expressed to higher levels in cyp98A3 insertion mutants were two homeodomain Leu-zipper transcription factors (ATHB5, At5g65310; and ATHB7, At2g46680) involved in abscisic acid-mediated signaling pathways related to drought and osmotic stress (Söderman et al., 1996) and seed germination (Johannesson et al., 2003), respectively

Abdulrazzak N, Pollet B, Ehlting J, Larsen K, Asnaghi C, Ronseau S, Proux C, Erhardt M, Seltzer V, Renou JP, Ullmann P, Pauly M, Lapierre C, Werck-Reichhart D - A coumaroyl-ester-3-hydroxylase insertion mutant reveals the existence of nonredundant meta-hydroxylation pathways and essential roles for phenolic precursors in cell expansion and plant growth

• Gene expression

Genes expressed to higher levels in the cyp98A3 mutant were clearly over-represented in the functional group related to jasmonate signaling (Fig. 8B). Indeed, many genes involved in the biosynthesis of jasmonate are significantly higher expressed in the mutant compared to wild type (Ws); These include LOX2 (see above), LOX1, allene oxide synthase (CYP74A, At5g42650), and allene oxide cyclase 4 (At1g13280). In addition, genes related to the abscisic acid cascade are over-represented in the group of genes expressed to higher levels in cyp98A3 insertion mutants (Fig. 8B). These include the gene responsive to dehydration 22 (RD22I, At5g25610), which is strongly induced by abscisic acid and drought (Yamaguchi-Shinozaki and Shinozaki, 1993), and the Arg decarboxylase 2 (ADC2, At4g34710) gene, which is strongly activated by abscisic acid, but also by methyl jasmonate and mechanical wounding, and is involved in polyamine biosynthesis (Perez-Amador et al., 2002). Also expressed to higher levels in cyp98A3 insertion mutants were two homeodomain Leu-zipper transcription factors (ATHB5, At5g65310; and ATHB7, At2g46680) involved in abscisic acid-mediated signaling pathways related to drought and osmotic stress (Söderman et al., 1996) and seed germination (Johannesson et al., 2003), respectively

Abdulrazzak N, Pollet B, Ehlting J, Larsen K, Asnaghi C, Ronseau S, Proux C, Erhardt M, Seltzer V, Renou JP, Ullmann P, Pauly M, Lapierre C, Werck-Reichhart D - A coumaroyl-ester-3-hydroxylase insertion mutant reveals the existence of nonredundant meta-hydroxylation pathways and essential roles for phenolic precursors in cell expansion and plant growth

• Gene expression

Indeed, several genes encoding proteins involved in the light-harvesting complex (e.g. chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins At2g34430, At3g08940, and At3g47470), in photosynthetic electron transport (e.g. the putative ferredoxin At1g10960 and proton gradient regulation 5, At2g05620; Munekage et al., 2002), and in the Calvin cycle (e.g. Rubisco At5g38410 and the putative Rib-5-P isomerase At3g04790) are strongly down-regulated in the mutant compared to the wild type (Supplemental Table I

Abdulrazzak N, Pollet B, Ehlting J, Larsen K, Asnaghi C, Ronseau S, Proux C, Erhardt M, Seltzer V, Renou JP, Ullmann P, Pauly M, Lapierre C, Werck-Reichhart D - A coumaroyl-ester-3-hydroxylase insertion mutant reveals the existence of nonredundant meta-hydroxylation pathways and essential roles for phenolic precursors in cell expansion and plant growth

• Gene expression

Indeed, several genes encoding proteins involved in the light-harvesting complex (e.g. chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins At2g34430, At3g08940, and At3g47470), in photosynthetic electron transport (e.g. the putative ferredoxin At1g10960 and proton gradient regulation 5, At2g05620; Munekage et al., 2002), and in the Calvin cycle (e.g. Rubisco At5g38410 and the putative Rib-5-P isomerase At3g04790) are strongly down-regulated in the mutant compared to the wild type (Supplemental Table I

Abdulrazzak N, Pollet B, Ehlting J, Larsen K, Asnaghi C, Ronseau S, Proux C, Erhardt M, Seltzer V, Renou JP, Ullmann P, Pauly M, Lapierre C, Werck-Reichhart D - A coumaroyl-ester-3-hydroxylase insertion mutant reveals the existence of nonredundant meta-hydroxylation pathways and essential roles for phenolic precursors in cell expansion and plant growth

• Gene expression

Six of the 28 expansin family members represented on the array used are differentially expressed, significantly more than expected by chance. However, some expansin isoforms (EXP1, At1g69530; EXP10, At1g26770; and EXPR, At4g17030) are expressed to higher levels in cyp98A3 insertion mutants, whereas others (EXP8, At2g40610; EXP3, At2g37640; and EXP11, At1g20190) are down-regulated compared to levels found in wild-type plants

Abdulrazzak N, Pollet B, Ehlting J, Larsen K, Asnaghi C, Ronseau S, Proux C, Erhardt M, Seltzer V, Renou JP, Ullmann P, Pauly M, Lapierre C, Werck-Reichhart D - A coumaroyl-ester-3-hydroxylase insertion mutant reveals the existence of nonredundant meta-hydroxylation pathways and essential roles for phenolic precursors in cell expansion and plant growth

• Gene expression

In contrast, genes expressed to higher levels in cyp98A3 insertion mutants compared to wild type were over-represented in functional categories covering carbohydrate metabolism and include genes encoding enzymes in glycolysis (e.g. the glyceraldehyde 3-P dehydrogenase, At3g04120), the tricarboxylic acid cycle (e.g. the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, At3g14940), and other anaerobic metabolisms (alcohol dehydrogenase, At1g77120). Also, functional categories related to defense responses were over-represented (Fig. 8A). Among these were genes known to be transcriptionally induced by insect feeding (the β-glucosidase BGL1, At1g52400; and the lipoxygenase LOX2, At3g45140; Stotz et al., 2000) or wounding/jasmonate (e.g. jasmonate response JR1, At3g16470; Leon et al., 1998). Finally, genes involved in secondary metabolism are over-represented in the group of up-regulated genes (Fig. 8A). It is noteworthy that genes encoding enzymes involved in flavonoid and anthocyanin biosynthesis and transport are expressed to higher levels in the cyp98A3 insertion mutant; These include chalcone isomerase (CHI, At3g55120), dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR, At5g42800), flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H, At3g51240), and gluthation transferase (TT19, At5g17220; Weisshaar and Jenkins, 1998; Kitamura et al., 2004

Abdulrazzak N, Pollet B, Ehlting J, Larsen K, Asnaghi C, Ronseau S, Proux C, Erhardt M, Seltzer V, Renou JP, Ullmann P, Pauly M, Lapierre C, Werck-Reichhart D - A coumaroyl-ester-3-hydroxylase insertion mutant reveals the existence of nonredundant meta-hydroxylation pathways and essential roles for phenolic precursors in cell expansion and plant growth

• Gene expression

Indeed, several genes encoding proteins involved in the light-harvesting complex (e.g. chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins At2g34430, At3g08940, and At3g47470), in photosynthetic electron transport (e.g. the putative ferredoxin At1g10960 and proton gradient regulation 5, At2g05620; Munekage et al., 2002), and in the Calvin cycle (e.g. Rubisco At5g38410 and the putative Rib-5-P isomerase At3g04790) are strongly down-regulated in the mutant compared to the wild type (Supplemental Table I

Abdulrazzak N, Pollet B, Ehlting J, Larsen K, Asnaghi C, Ronseau S, Proux C, Erhardt M, Seltzer V, Renou JP, Ullmann P, Pauly M, Lapierre C, Werck-Reichhart D - A coumaroyl-ester-3-hydroxylase insertion mutant reveals the existence of nonredundant meta-hydroxylation pathways and essential roles for phenolic precursors in cell expansion and plant growth

• Gene expression

In contrast, genes expressed to higher levels in cyp98A3 insertion mutants compared to wild type were over-represented in functional categories covering carbohydrate metabolism and include genes encoding enzymes in glycolysis (e.g. the glyceraldehyde 3-P dehydrogenase, At3g04120), the tricarboxylic acid cycle (e.g. the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, At3g14940), and other anaerobic metabolisms (alcohol dehydrogenase, At1g77120). Also, functional categories related to defense responses were over-represented (Fig. 8A). Among these were genes known to be transcriptionally induced by insect feeding (the β-glucosidase BGL1, At1g52400; and the lipoxygenase LOX2, At3g45140; Stotz et al., 2000) or wounding/jasmonate (e.g. jasmonate response JR1, At3g16470; Leon et al., 1998). Finally, genes involved in secondary metabolism are over-represented in the group of up-regulated genes (Fig. 8A). It is noteworthy that genes encoding enzymes involved in flavonoid and anthocyanin biosynthesis and transport are expressed to higher levels in the cyp98A3 insertion mutant; These include chalcone isomerase (CHI, At3g55120), dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR, At5g42800), flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H, At3g51240), and gluthation transferase (TT19, At5g17220; Weisshaar and Jenkins, 1998; Kitamura et al., 2004

Abdulrazzak N, Pollet B, Ehlting J, Larsen K, Asnaghi C, Ronseau S, Proux C, Erhardt M, Seltzer V, Renou JP, Ullmann P, Pauly M, Lapierre C, Werck-Reichhart D - A coumaroyl-ester-3-hydroxylase insertion mutant reveals the existence of nonredundant meta-hydroxylation pathways and essential roles for phenolic precursors in cell expansion and plant growth

• Gene expression

In contrast, genes expressed to higher levels in cyp98A3 insertion mutants compared to wild type were over-represented in functional categories covering carbohydrate metabolism and include genes encoding enzymes in glycolysis (e.g. the glyceraldehyde 3-P dehydrogenase, At3g04120), the tricarboxylic acid cycle (e.g. the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, At3g14940), and other anaerobic metabolisms (alcohol dehydrogenase, At1g77120). Also, functional categories related to defense responses were over-represented (Fig. 8A). Among these were genes known to be transcriptionally induced by insect feeding (the β-glucosidase BGL1, At1g52400; and the lipoxygenase LOX2, At3g45140; Stotz et al., 2000) or wounding/jasmonate (e.g. jasmonate response JR1, At3g16470; Leon et al., 1998). Finally, genes involved in secondary metabolism are over-represented in the group of up-regulated genes (Fig. 8A). It is noteworthy that genes encoding enzymes involved in flavonoid and anthocyanin biosynthesis and transport are expressed to higher levels in the cyp98A3 insertion mutant; These include chalcone isomerase (CHI, At3g55120), dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR, At5g42800), flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H, At3g51240), and gluthation transferase (TT19, At5g17220; Weisshaar and Jenkins, 1998; Kitamura et al., 2004

Abdulrazzak N, Pollet B, Ehlting J, Larsen K, Asnaghi C, Ronseau S, Proux C, Erhardt M, Seltzer V, Renou JP, Ullmann P, Pauly M, Lapierre C, Werck-Reichhart D - A coumaroyl-ester-3-hydroxylase insertion mutant reveals the existence of nonredundant meta-hydroxylation pathways and essential roles for phenolic precursors in cell expansion and plant growth

• Gene expression

Six of the 28 expansin family members represented on the array used are differentially expressed, significantly more than expected by chance. However, some expansin isoforms (EXP1, At1g69530; EXP10, At1g26770; and EXPR, At4g17030) are expressed to higher levels in cyp98A3 insertion mutants, whereas others (EXP8, At2g40610; EXP3, At2g37640; and EXP11, At1g20190) are down-regulated compared to levels found in wild-type plants

Abdulrazzak N, Pollet B, Ehlting J, Larsen K, Asnaghi C, Ronseau S, Proux C, Erhardt M, Seltzer V, Renou JP, Ullmann P, Pauly M, Lapierre C, Werck-Reichhart D - A coumaroyl-ester-3-hydroxylase insertion mutant reveals the existence of nonredundant meta-hydroxylation pathways and essential roles for phenolic precursors in cell expansion and plant growth

• Gene expression

Indeed, several genes encoding proteins involved in the light-harvesting complex (e.g. chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins At2g34430, At3g08940, and At3g47470), in photosynthetic electron transport (e.g. the putative ferredoxin At1g10960 and proton gradient regulation 5, At2g05620; Munekage et al., 2002), and in the Calvin cycle (e.g. Rubisco At5g38410 and the putative Rib-5-P isomerase At3g04790) are strongly down-regulated in the mutant compared to the wild type (Supplemental Table I

Abdulrazzak N, Pollet B, Ehlting J, Larsen K, Asnaghi C, Ronseau S, Proux C, Erhardt M, Seltzer V, Renou JP, Ullmann P, Pauly M, Lapierre C, Werck-Reichhart D - A coumaroyl-ester-3-hydroxylase insertion mutant reveals the existence of nonredundant meta-hydroxylation pathways and essential roles for phenolic precursors in cell expansion and plant growth

• Gene expression

Six of the 28 expansin family members represented on the array used are differentially expressed, significantly more than expected by chance. However, some expansin isoforms (EXP1, At1g69530; EXP10, At1g26770; and EXPR, At4g17030) are expressed to higher levels in cyp98A3 insertion mutants, whereas others (EXP8, At2g40610; EXP3, At2g37640; and EXP11, At1g20190) are down-regulated compared to levels found in wild-type plants

Abdulrazzak N, Pollet B, Ehlting J, Larsen K, Asnaghi C, Ronseau S, Proux C, Erhardt M, Seltzer V, Renou JP, Ullmann P, Pauly M, Lapierre C, Werck-Reichhart D - A coumaroyl-ester-3-hydroxylase insertion mutant reveals the existence of nonredundant meta-hydroxylation pathways and essential roles for phenolic precursors in cell expansion and plant growth

• Gene expression

In contrast, genes expressed to higher levels in cyp98A3 insertion mutants compared to wild type were over-represented in functional categories covering carbohydrate metabolism and include genes encoding enzymes in glycolysis (e.g. the glyceraldehyde 3-P dehydrogenase, At3g04120), the tricarboxylic acid cycle (e.g. the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, At3g14940), and other anaerobic metabolisms (alcohol dehydrogenase, At1g77120). Also, functional categories related to defense responses were over-represented (Fig. 8A). Among these were genes known to be transcriptionally induced by insect feeding (the β-glucosidase BGL1, At1g52400; and the lipoxygenase LOX2, At3g45140; Stotz et al., 2000) or wounding/jasmonate (e.g. jasmonate response JR1, At3g16470; Leon et al., 1998). Finally, genes involved in secondary metabolism are over-represented in the group of up-regulated genes (Fig. 8A). It is noteworthy that genes encoding enzymes involved in flavonoid and anthocyanin biosynthesis and transport are expressed to higher levels in the cyp98A3 insertion mutant; These include chalcone isomerase (CHI, At3g55120), dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR, At5g42800), flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H, At3g51240), and gluthation transferase (TT19, At5g17220; Weisshaar and Jenkins, 1998; Kitamura et al., 2004

Abdulrazzak N, Pollet B, Ehlting J, Larsen K, Asnaghi C, Ronseau S, Proux C, Erhardt M, Seltzer V, Renou JP, Ullmann P, Pauly M, Lapierre C, Werck-Reichhart D - A coumaroyl-ester-3-hydroxylase insertion mutant reveals the existence of nonredundant meta-hydroxylation pathways and essential roles for phenolic precursors in cell expansion and plant growth

• Gene expression

The total inactivation of the CYP98A3 gene in homozygous plants was confirmed by RNA-blot hybridization (Fig. 2C ) and quantitative reverse-transcription (RT)-PCR (see below

Abdulrazzak N, Pollet B, Ehlting J, Larsen K, Asnaghi C, Ronseau S, Proux C, Erhardt M, Seltzer V, Renou JP, Ullmann P, Pauly M, Lapierre C, Werck-Reichhart D - A coumaroyl-ester-3-hydroxylase insertion mutant reveals the existence of nonredundant meta-hydroxylation pathways and essential roles for phenolic precursors in cell expansion and plant growth

• Gene expression

Six of the 28 expansin family members represented on the array used are differentially expressed, significantly more than expected by chance. However, some expansin isoforms (EXP1, At1g69530; EXP10, At1g26770; and EXPR, At4g17030) are expressed to higher levels in cyp98A3 insertion mutants, whereas others (EXP8, At2g40610; EXP3, At2g37640; and EXP11, At1g20190) are down-regulated compared to levels found in wild-type plants

Abdulrazzak N, Pollet B, Ehlting J, Larsen K, Asnaghi C, Ronseau S, Proux C, Erhardt M, Seltzer V, Renou JP, Ullmann P, Pauly M, Lapierre C, Werck-Reichhart D - A coumaroyl-ester-3-hydroxylase insertion mutant reveals the existence of nonredundant meta-hydroxylation pathways and essential roles for phenolic precursors in cell expansion and plant growth

• Gene expression

Genes expressed to higher levels in the cyp98A3 mutant were clearly over-represented in the functional group related to jasmonate signaling (Fig. 8B). Indeed, many genes involved in the biosynthesis of jasmonate are significantly higher expressed in the mutant compared to wild type (Ws); These include LOX2 (see above), LOX1, allene oxide synthase (CYP74A, At5g42650), and allene oxide cyclase 4 (At1g13280). In addition, genes related to the abscisic acid cascade are over-represented in the group of genes expressed to higher levels in cyp98A3 insertion mutants (Fig. 8B). These include the gene responsive to dehydration 22 (RD22I, At5g25610), which is strongly induced by abscisic acid and drought (Yamaguchi-Shinozaki and Shinozaki, 1993), and the Arg decarboxylase 2 (ADC2, At4g34710) gene, which is strongly activated by abscisic acid, but also by methyl jasmonate and mechanical wounding, and is involved in polyamine biosynthesis (Perez-Amador et al., 2002). Also expressed to higher levels in cyp98A3 insertion mutants were two homeodomain Leu-zipper transcription factors (ATHB5, At5g65310; and ATHB7, At2g46680) involved in abscisic acid-mediated signaling pathways related to drought and osmotic stress (Söderman et al., 1996) and seed germination (Johannesson et al., 2003), respectively

Abdulrazzak N, Pollet B, Ehlting J, Larsen K, Asnaghi C, Ronseau S, Proux C, Erhardt M, Seltzer V, Renou JP, Ullmann P, Pauly M, Lapierre C, Werck-Reichhart D - A coumaroyl-ester-3-hydroxylase insertion mutant reveals the existence of nonredundant meta-hydroxylation pathways and essential roles for phenolic precursors in cell expansion and plant growth

• Gene expression

Six of the 28 expansin family members represented on the array used are differentially expressed, significantly more than expected by chance. However, some expansin isoforms (EXP1, At1g69530; EXP10, At1g26770; and EXPR, At4g17030) are expressed to higher levels in cyp98A3 insertion mutants, whereas others (EXP8, At2g40610; EXP3, At2g37640; and EXP11, At1g20190) are down-regulated compared to levels found in wild-type plants

Abdulrazzak N, Pollet B, Ehlting J, Larsen K, Asnaghi C, Ronseau S, Proux C, Erhardt M, Seltzer V, Renou JP, Ullmann P, Pauly M, Lapierre C, Werck-Reichhart D - A coumaroyl-ester-3-hydroxylase insertion mutant reveals the existence of nonredundant meta-hydroxylation pathways and essential roles for phenolic precursors in cell expansion and plant growth

• Gene expression

While transcript levels of genes encoding Phe ammonia lyase (PAL1; At2g37040) and HCT (At5g48930; Fig. 7A) were comparable in cyp98A3 mutants and wild type at all time points, an increase in C4H (CYP73A5; At2g30490) expression compared to wild type was observed at the 2-, 4-, and 8-h time points in cyp98A3 insertion mutants (Fig. 7A

Abdulrazzak N, Pollet B, Ehlting J, Larsen K, Asnaghi C, Ronseau S, Proux C, Erhardt M, Seltzer V, Renou JP, Ullmann P, Pauly M, Lapierre C, Werck-Reichhart D - A coumaroyl-ester-3-hydroxylase insertion mutant reveals the existence of nonredundant meta-hydroxylation pathways and essential roles for phenolic precursors in cell expansion and plant growth

• Gene expression

In contrast, genes expressed to higher levels in cyp98A3 insertion mutants compared to wild type were over-represented in functional categories covering carbohydrate metabolism and include genes encoding enzymes in glycolysis (e.g. the glyceraldehyde 3-P dehydrogenase, At3g04120), the tricarboxylic acid cycle (e.g. the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, At3g14940), and other anaerobic metabolisms (alcohol dehydrogenase, At1g77120). Also, functional categories related to defense responses were over-represented (Fig. 8A). Among these were genes known to be transcriptionally induced by insect feeding (the β-glucosidase BGL1, At1g52400; and the lipoxygenase LOX2, At3g45140; Stotz et al., 2000) or wounding/jasmonate (e.g. jasmonate response JR1, At3g16470; Leon et al., 1998). Finally, genes involved in secondary metabolism are over-represented in the group of up-regulated genes (Fig. 8A). It is noteworthy that genes encoding enzymes involved in flavonoid and anthocyanin biosynthesis and transport are expressed to higher levels in the cyp98A3 insertion mutant; These include chalcone isomerase (CHI, At3g55120), dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR, At5g42800), flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H, At3g51240), and gluthation transferase (TT19, At5g17220; Weisshaar and Jenkins, 1998; Kitamura et al., 2004

Abdulrazzak N, Pollet B, Ehlting J, Larsen K, Asnaghi C, Ronseau S, Proux C, Erhardt M, Seltzer V, Renou JP, Ullmann P, Pauly M, Lapierre C, Werck-Reichhart D - A coumaroyl-ester-3-hydroxylase insertion mutant reveals the existence of nonredundant meta-hydroxylation pathways and essential roles for phenolic precursors in cell expansion and plant growth

• Gene expression

Indeed, several genes encoding proteins involved in the light-harvesting complex (e.g. chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins At2g34430, At3g08940, and At3g47470), in photosynthetic electron transport (e.g. the putative ferredoxin At1g10960 and proton gradient regulation 5, At2g05620; Munekage et al., 2002), and in the Calvin cycle (e.g. Rubisco At5g38410 and the putative Rib-5-P isomerase At3g04790) are strongly down-regulated in the mutant compared to the wild type (Supplemental Table I

Abdulrazzak N, Pollet B, Ehlting J, Larsen K, Asnaghi C, Ronseau S, Proux C, Erhardt M, Seltzer V, Renou JP, Ullmann P, Pauly M, Lapierre C, Werck-Reichhart D - A coumaroyl-ester-3-hydroxylase insertion mutant reveals the existence of nonredundant meta-hydroxylation pathways and essential roles for phenolic precursors in cell expansion and plant growth

• Gene expression

While transcript levels of genes encoding Phe ammonia lyase (PAL1; At2g37040) and HCT (At5g48930; Fig. 7A) were comparable in cyp98A3 mutants and wild type at all time points, an increase in C4H (CYP73A5; At2g30490) expression compared to wild type was observed at the 2-, 4-, and 8-h time points in cyp98A3 insertion mutants (Fig. 7A

Abdulrazzak N, Pollet B, Ehlting J, Larsen K, Asnaghi C, Ronseau S, Proux C, Erhardt M, Seltzer V, Renou JP, Ullmann P, Pauly M, Lapierre C, Werck-Reichhart D - A coumaroyl-ester-3-hydroxylase insertion mutant reveals the existence of nonredundant meta-hydroxylation pathways and essential roles for phenolic precursors in cell expansion and plant growth

• Gene expression

In contrast, genes expressed to higher levels in cyp98A3 insertion mutants compared to wild type were over-represented in functional categories covering carbohydrate metabolism and include genes encoding enzymes in glycolysis (e.g. the glyceraldehyde 3-P dehydrogenase, At3g04120), the tricarboxylic acid cycle (e.g. the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, At3g14940), and other anaerobic metabolisms (alcohol dehydrogenase, At1g77120). Also, functional categories related to defense responses were over-represented (Fig. 8A). Among these were genes known to be transcriptionally induced by insect feeding (the β-glucosidase BGL1, At1g52400; and the lipoxygenase LOX2, At3g45140; Stotz et al., 2000) or wounding/jasmonate (e.g. jasmonate response JR1, At3g16470; Leon et al., 1998). Finally, genes involved in secondary metabolism are over-represented in the group of up-regulated genes (Fig. 8A). It is noteworthy that genes encoding enzymes involved in flavonoid and anthocyanin biosynthesis and transport are expressed to higher levels in the cyp98A3 insertion mutant; These include chalcone isomerase (CHI, At3g55120), dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR, At5g42800), flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H, At3g51240), and gluthation transferase (TT19, At5g17220; Weisshaar and Jenkins, 1998; Kitamura et al., 2004

Abdulrazzak N, Pollet B, Ehlting J, Larsen K, Asnaghi C, Ronseau S, Proux C, Erhardt M, Seltzer V, Renou JP, Ullmann P, Pauly M, Lapierre C, Werck-Reichhart D - A coumaroyl-ester-3-hydroxylase insertion mutant reveals the existence of nonredundant meta-hydroxylation pathways and essential roles for phenolic precursors in cell expansion and plant growth

• Gene expression

In contrast, genes expressed to higher levels in cyp98A3 insertion mutants compared to wild type were over-represented in functional categories covering carbohydrate metabolism and include genes encoding enzymes in glycolysis (e.g. the glyceraldehyde 3-P dehydrogenase, At3g04120), the tricarboxylic acid cycle (e.g. the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, At3g14940), and other anaerobic metabolisms (alcohol dehydrogenase, At1g77120). Also, functional categories related to defense responses were over-represented (Fig. 8A). Among these were genes known to be transcriptionally induced by insect feeding (the β-glucosidase BGL1, At1g52400; and the lipoxygenase LOX2, At3g45140; Stotz et al., 2000) or wounding/jasmonate (e.g. jasmonate response JR1, At3g16470; Leon et al., 1998). Finally, genes involved in secondary metabolism are over-represented in the group of up-regulated genes (Fig. 8A). It is noteworthy that genes encoding enzymes involved in flavonoid and anthocyanin biosynthesis and transport are expressed to higher levels in the cyp98A3 insertion mutant; These include chalcone isomerase (CHI, At3g55120), dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR, At5g42800), flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H, At3g51240), and gluthation transferase (TT19, At5g17220; Weisshaar and Jenkins, 1998; Kitamura et al., 2004

Abdulrazzak N, Pollet B, Ehlting J, Larsen K, Asnaghi C, Ronseau S, Proux C, Erhardt M, Seltzer V, Renou JP, Ullmann P, Pauly M, Lapierre C, Werck-Reichhart D - A coumaroyl-ester-3-hydroxylase insertion mutant reveals the existence of nonredundant meta-hydroxylation pathways and essential roles for phenolic precursors in cell expansion and plant growth

• Gene expression

Six of the 28 expansin family members represented on the array used are differentially expressed, significantly more than expected by chance. However, some expansin isoforms (EXP1, At1g69530; EXP10, At1g26770; and EXPR, At4g17030) are expressed to higher levels in cyp98A3 insertion mutants, whereas others (EXP8, At2g40610; EXP3, At2g37640; and EXP11, At1g20190) are down-regulated compared to levels found in wild-type plants

Abdulrazzak N, Pollet B, Ehlting J, Larsen K, Asnaghi C, Ronseau S, Proux C, Erhardt M, Seltzer V, Renou JP, Ullmann P, Pauly M, Lapierre C, Werck-Reichhart D - A coumaroyl-ester-3-hydroxylase insertion mutant reveals the existence of nonredundant meta-hydroxylation pathways and essential roles for phenolic precursors in cell expansion and plant growth

• Gene expression

Indeed, several genes encoding proteins involved in the light-harvesting complex (e.g. chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins At2g34430, At3g08940, and At3g47470), in photosynthetic electron transport (e.g. the putative ferredoxin At1g10960 and proton gradient regulation 5, At2g05620; Munekage et al., 2002), and in the Calvin cycle (e.g. Rubisco At5g38410 and the putative Rib-5-P isomerase At3g04790) are strongly down-regulated in the mutant compared to the wild type (Supplemental Table I

Abdulrazzak N, Pollet B, Ehlting J, Larsen K, Asnaghi C, Ronseau S, Proux C, Erhardt M, Seltzer V, Renou JP, Ullmann P, Pauly M, Lapierre C, Werck-Reichhart D - A coumaroyl-ester-3-hydroxylase insertion mutant reveals the existence of nonredundant meta-hydroxylation pathways and essential roles for phenolic precursors in cell expansion and plant growth

• Gene expression