Regulation of Gene Expression Search Results

• Regulation of Gene Expression

role for AS1 ... in keeping KNAT1 off in leaves post-initiation

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Regulation of Gene Expression

role for ... AS2 in keeping KNAT1 off in leaves post-initiation

Ori N, Eshed Y, Chuck G, Bowman JL, Hake S - Mechanisms that control knox gene expression in the Arabidopsis shoot

• Regulation of Gene Expression

we conclude that STM negatively regulates AS1

Byrne ME, Barley R, Curtis M, Arroyo JM, Dunham M, Hudson A, Martienssen RA - Asymmetric leaves1 mediates leaf patterning and stem cell function in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

In stem cells STM negatively regulates AS1

Byrne ME, Barley R, Curtis M, Arroyo JM, Dunham M, Hudson A, Martienssen RA - Asymmetric leaves1 mediates leaf patterning and stem cell function in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

The absence of repression of the SDD1 promoter in the sdd1-1 mutant, which lacks functional SDD1 protein, indicates that the SDD1 promoter is negatively feedback controlled by components of an SDD1-dependent signaling pathway

Von Groll U, Berger D, Altmann T - The subtilisin-like serine protease SDD1 mediates cell-to-cell signaling during Arabidopsis stomatal development

• Regulation of Gene Expression

AtCPL1 ... negative regulators of RD29A expression

Koiwa H, Barb AW, Xiong L, Li F, McCully MG, Lee BH, Sokolchik I, Zhu J, Gong Z, Reddy M, Sharkhuu A, Manabe Y, Yokoi S, Zhu JK, Bressan RA, Hasegawa PM - C-terminal domain phosphatase-like family members (AtCPLs) differentially regulate Arabidopsis thaliana abiotic stress signaling, growth, and development

• Regulation of Gene Expression

AtCPL3 ... negative regulators of RD29A expression

Koiwa H, Barb AW, Xiong L, Li F, McCully MG, Lee BH, Sokolchik I, Zhu J, Gong Z, Reddy M, Sharkhuu A, Manabe Y, Yokoi S, Zhu JK, Bressan RA, Hasegawa PM - C-terminal domain phosphatase-like family members (AtCPLs) differentially regulate Arabidopsis thaliana abiotic stress signaling, growth, and development

• Regulation of Gene Expression

The upregulation of AN transcript in the drl1-2 allele suggests that DRL1 acts as a repressor for AN expression

Nelissen H, Clarke JH, De Block M, De Block S, Vanderhaeghen R, Zielinski RE, Dyer T, Lust S, Inzé D, Van Lijsebettens M - DRL1, a homolog of the yeast TOT4/KTI12 protein, has a function in meristem activity and organ growth in plants

• Regulation of Gene Expression

This may suggest that HEN3 is negatively regulated by AG. However, the increased HEN3 RNA abundance in ag-3 inflorescences may simply be due to a higher amount of proliferating tissue in ag-3 flowers

Wang W, Chen X - HUA ENHANCER3 reveals a role for a cyclin-dependent protein kinase in the specification of floral organ identity in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

These results strongly suggest that ethylene-mediated degradation of the ARF2 protein is via a proteasome-dependent pathway

Li H, Johnson P, Stepanova A, Alonso JM, Ecker JR - Convergence of signaling pathways in the control of differential cell growth in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

suggest that, during differential growth in the apical hook, ARF2 accumulation is negatively controlled by HLS1

Li H, Johnson P, Stepanova A, Alonso JM, Ecker JR - Convergence of signaling pathways in the control of differential cell growth in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

ARF4 transcripts are subjected to negative regulation by cleavage and is consistent with potential regulation of these mRNAs by tasiR-ARF

Williams L, Carles CC, Osmont KS, Fletcher JC - A database analysis method identifies an endogenous trans-acting short-interfering RNA that targets the Arabidopsis ARF2, ARF3, and ARF4 genes

• Regulation of Gene Expression

ARF2 ... transcripts are subjected to negative regulation by cleavage and is consistent with potential regulation of these mRNAs by tasiR-ARF

Williams L, Carles CC, Osmont KS, Fletcher JC - A database analysis method identifies an endogenous trans-acting short-interfering RNA that targets the Arabidopsis ARF2, ARF3, and ARF4 genes

• Regulation of Gene Expression

ARF3/ETT ... transcripts are subjected to negative regulation by cleavage and is consistent with potential regulation of these mRNAs by tasiR-ARF

Williams L, Carles CC, Osmont KS, Fletcher JC - A database analysis method identifies an endogenous trans-acting short-interfering RNA that targets the Arabidopsis ARF2, ARF3, and ARF4 genes

• Regulation of Gene Expression

suggesting that SE influences KNOX activity through repression of PHB

Grigg SP, Canales C, Hay A, Tsiantis M - SERRATE coordinates shoot meristem function and leaf axial patterning in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

These observations suggest that SE is required for ... the localized repression of PHB gene expression

Grigg SP, Canales C, Hay A, Tsiantis M - SERRATE coordinates shoot meristem function and leaf axial patterning in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

PHB and PHAVOLUTA (PHV ... These data suggest that SE functions to limit activity of these HD-Zip III genes

Grigg SP, Canales C, Hay A, Tsiantis M - SERRATE coordinates shoot meristem function and leaf axial patterning in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

PHB and PHAVOLUTA (PHV ... These data suggest that SE functions to limit activity of these HD-Zip III genes

Grigg SP, Canales C, Hay A, Tsiantis M - SERRATE coordinates shoot meristem function and leaf axial patterning in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

SE defines the expression level ... of the PHB gene during Arabidopsis embryonic ... development

Grigg SP, Canales C, Hay A, Tsiantis M - SERRATE coordinates shoot meristem function and leaf axial patterning in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

PHABULOSA ... Expression is re- stricted ... by KANADI (KAN) genes

Garcia D, Collier SA, Byrne ME, Martienssen RA - Specification of leaf polarity in Arabidopsis via the trans-acting siRNA pathway

• Regulation of Gene Expression

overexpression of FIL in the as1 ago7 double mutant was reduced in the as1 ago7 ett triple mutant (Figure 2E), supporting the idea that FIL is a downstream target of ETT

Garcia D, Collier SA, Byrne ME, Martienssen RA - Specification of leaf polarity in Arabidopsis via the trans-acting siRNA pathway

• Regulation of Gene Expression

PHAVOLUTA ... Expression is re- stricted ... by KANADI (KAN) genes

Garcia D, Collier SA, Byrne ME, Martienssen RA - Specification of leaf polarity in Arabidopsis via the trans-acting siRNA pathway

• Regulation of Gene Expression

The microRNA miR165 ... downregulates PHB

Garcia D, Collier SA, Byrne ME, Martienssen RA - Specification of leaf polarity in Arabidopsis via the trans-acting siRNA pathway

• Regulation of Gene Expression

The microRNA miR165, which regulates class III HD- ZIP gene expression through transcript cleavage

Garcia D, Collier SA, Byrne ME, Martienssen RA - Specification of leaf polarity in Arabidopsis via the trans-acting siRNA pathway

• Regulation of Gene Expression

REVOLUTA ... Expression is re- stricted ... by KANADI (KAN) genes

Garcia D, Collier SA, Byrne ME, Martienssen RA - Specification of leaf polarity in Arabidopsis via the trans-acting siRNA pathway

• Regulation of Gene Expression

PIN1 activity is required to repress BP expression

Hay A, Barkoulas M, Tsiantis M - ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1 and auxin activities converge to repress BREVIPEDICELLUS expression and promote leaf development in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

ProMIR164A-2.1:GUS ... This pattern of expression in the leaf margin largely overlapped with the domain of CUC2 expression

Nikovics K, Blein T, Peaucelle A, Ishida T, Morin H, Aida M, Laufs P - The balance between the MIR164A and CUC2 genes controls leaf margin serration in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

EBP1 protein could be one of the targets of AtTOR in Arabidopsis and act downstream of the TOR kinase on the mRNA translation machinery

Deprost D, Yao L, Sormani R, Moreau M, Leterreux G, Nicolaï M, Bedu M, Robaglia C, Meyer C - The Arabidopsis TOR kinase links plant growth, yield, stress resistance and mRNA translation

• Regulation of Gene Expression

miR156 can target SPL9 mRNAs for degradation by miRNA-guided cleavage

Wang JW, Schwab R, Czech B, Mica E, Weigel D - Dual effects of miR156-targeted SPL genes and CYP78A5/KLUH on plastochron length and organ size in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Regulation of Gene Expression

TCP4 ... positively regulate LOX2 promoter activity

Schommer C, Palatnik JF, Aggarwal P, Chételat A, Cubas P, Farmer EE, Nath U, Weigel D - Control of jasmonate biosynthesis and senescence by miR319 targets

• Regulation of Gene Expression

ABAP1 and AtTCP24 functioning together ... to negatively regulate AtCDT1a ... expression levels

Masuda HP, Cabral LM, De Veylder L, Tanurdzic M, de Almeida Engler J, Geelen D, Inzé D, Martienssen RA, Ferreira PC, Hemerly AS - ABAP1 is a novel plant Armadillo BTB protein involved in DNA replication and transcription

• Regulation of Gene Expression

ABAP1 and AtTCP24 functioning together ... to negatively regulate AtCDT1a ... expression levels

Masuda HP, Cabral LM, De Veylder L, Tanurdzic M, de Almeida Engler J, Geelen D, Inzé D, Martienssen RA, Ferreira PC, Hemerly AS - ABAP1 is a novel plant Armadillo BTB protein involved in DNA replication and transcription

• Regulation of Gene Expression

ABAP1 and AtTCP24 functioning together ... to negatively regulate ... AtCDT1b expression levels

Masuda HP, Cabral LM, De Veylder L, Tanurdzic M, de Almeida Engler J, Geelen D, Inzé D, Martienssen RA, Ferreira PC, Hemerly AS - ABAP1 is a novel plant Armadillo BTB protein involved in DNA replication and transcription

• Regulation of Gene Expression

ABAP1 and AtTCP24 functioning together ... negatively regulate ... AtCDT1b expression levels

Masuda HP, Cabral LM, De Veylder L, Tanurdzic M, de Almeida Engler J, Geelen D, Inzé D, Martienssen RA, Ferreira PC, Hemerly AS - ABAP1 is a novel plant Armadillo BTB protein involved in DNA replication and transcription

• Regulation of Gene Expression

KAN1 and KAN2 redundantly repress AS2 in the abaxial domain of cotyledons

Wu G, Lin WC, Huang T, Poethig RS, Springer PS, Kerstetter RA - KANADI1 regulates adaxial-abaxial polarity in Arabidopsis by directly repressing the transcription of ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2

• Regulation of Gene Expression

KAN1 and KAN2 redundantly repress AS2 in the abaxial domain of cotyledons

Wu G, Lin WC, Huang T, Poethig RS, Springer PS, Kerstetter RA - KANADI1 regulates adaxial-abaxial polarity in Arabidopsis by directly repressing the transcription of ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2

• Regulation of Gene Expression

KAN1 has a nonredundant function in the repression of AS2 in leaf primordia

Wu G, Lin WC, Huang T, Poethig RS, Springer PS, Kerstetter RA - KANADI1 regulates adaxial-abaxial polarity in Arabidopsis by directly repressing the transcription of ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2

• Regulation of Gene Expression

Thus, AS2 directly or indirectly represses KAN1 expression

Wu G, Lin WC, Huang T, Poethig RS, Springer PS, Kerstetter RA - KANADI1 regulates adaxial-abaxial polarity in Arabidopsis by directly repressing the transcription of ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2

• Regulation of Gene Expression

Jones- Rhoades and Bartel (2004) validated the predicted seven GRF genes except GRF4 as targets of miR396 by 5’- RACE experiments

Liu D, Song Y, Chen Z, Yu D - Ectopic expression of miR396 suppresses GRF target gene expression and alters leaf growth in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

Predicted and confirmed targets of miR396 include six members of the AtGRF gene family (AtGRF1-AtGRF3, and AtGRF7-AtGRF9) (Jones-Rhoades and Bartel 2006

Liu D, Song Y, Chen Z, Yu D - Ectopic expression of miR396 suppresses GRF target gene expression and alters leaf growth in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

TCP4 also regulates GRF activity independently of miR396

Rodriguez RE, Mecchia MA, Debernardi JM, Schommer C, Weigel D, Palatnik JF - Control of cell proliferation in Arabidopsis thaliana by microRNA miR396

• Regulation of Gene Expression

TCP4 also regulates GRF activity independently of miR396

Rodriguez RE, Mecchia MA, Debernardi JM, Schommer C, Weigel D, Palatnik JF - Control of cell proliferation in Arabidopsis thaliana by microRNA miR396

• Regulation of Gene Expression

These results suggested a feed-forward effect of the miR396-regulated GRFs on the levels of GRF6 in 35S:miR396b plants

Rodriguez RE, Mecchia MA, Debernardi JM, Schommer C, Weigel D, Palatnik JF - Control of cell proliferation in Arabidopsis thaliana by microRNA miR396

• Regulation of Gene Expression

TCP4 also regulates GRF activity independently of miR396

Rodriguez RE, Mecchia MA, Debernardi JM, Schommer C, Weigel D, Palatnik JF - Control of cell proliferation in Arabidopsis thaliana by microRNA miR396

• Regulation of Gene Expression

These results suggested a feed-forward effect of the miR396-regulated GRFs on the levels of GRF6 in 35S:miR396b plants

Rodriguez RE, Mecchia MA, Debernardi JM, Schommer C, Weigel D, Palatnik JF - Control of cell proliferation in Arabidopsis thaliana by microRNA miR396

• Regulation of Gene Expression

These results suggested a feed-forward effect of the miR396-regulated GRFs on the levels of GRF6 in 35S:miR396b plants

Rodriguez RE, Mecchia MA, Debernardi JM, Schommer C, Weigel D, Palatnik JF - Control of cell proliferation in Arabidopsis thaliana by microRNA miR396

• Regulation of Gene Expression

TCP4 also regulates GRF activity independently of miR396

Rodriguez RE, Mecchia MA, Debernardi JM, Schommer C, Weigel D, Palatnik JF - Control of cell proliferation in Arabidopsis thaliana by microRNA miR396

• Regulation of Gene Expression

TCP4 also regulates GRF activity independently of miR396

Rodriguez RE, Mecchia MA, Debernardi JM, Schommer C, Weigel D, Palatnik JF - Control of cell proliferation in Arabidopsis thaliana by microRNA miR396

• Regulation of Gene Expression

These results suggested a feed-forward effect of the miR396-regulated GRFs on the levels of GRF6 in 35S:miR396b plants

Rodriguez RE, Mecchia MA, Debernardi JM, Schommer C, Weigel D, Palatnik JF - Control of cell proliferation in Arabidopsis thaliana by microRNA miR396

• Regulation of Gene Expression

TCP4 also regulates GRF activity independently of miR396

Rodriguez RE, Mecchia MA, Debernardi JM, Schommer C, Weigel D, Palatnik JF - Control of cell proliferation in Arabidopsis thaliana by microRNA miR396

• Regulation of Gene Expression

TCP4 also regulates GRF activity independently of miR396

Rodriguez RE, Mecchia MA, Debernardi JM, Schommer C, Weigel D, Palatnik JF - Control of cell proliferation in Arabidopsis thaliana by microRNA miR396

• Regulation of Gene Expression

expression of GRF6 is affected by the developmental changes caused by miR396

Rodriguez RE, Mecchia MA, Debernardi JM, Schommer C, Weigel D, Palatnik JF - Control of cell proliferation in Arabidopsis thaliana by microRNA miR396

• Regulation of Gene Expression

TCP4 also regulates GRF activity independently of miR396

Rodriguez RE, Mecchia MA, Debernardi JM, Schommer C, Weigel D, Palatnik JF - Control of cell proliferation in Arabidopsis thaliana by microRNA miR396

• Regulation of Gene Expression

TCP4 also regulates GRF activity independently of miR396

Rodriguez RE, Mecchia MA, Debernardi JM, Schommer C, Weigel D, Palatnik JF - Control of cell proliferation in Arabidopsis thaliana by microRNA miR396

• Regulation of Gene Expression

These results suggested a feed-forward effect of the miR396-regulated GRFs on the levels of GRF6 in 35S:miR396b plants

Rodriguez RE, Mecchia MA, Debernardi JM, Schommer C, Weigel D, Palatnik JF - Control of cell proliferation in Arabidopsis thaliana by microRNA miR396

• Regulation of Gene Expression

These results suggested a feed-forward effect of the miR396-regulated GRFs on the levels of GRF6 in 35S:miR396b plants

Rodriguez RE, Mecchia MA, Debernardi JM, Schommer C, Weigel D, Palatnik JF - Control of cell proliferation in Arabidopsis thaliana by microRNA miR396

• Regulation of Gene Expression

These results suggested a feed-forward effect of the miR396-regulated GRFs on the levels of GRF6 in 35S:miR396b plants

Rodriguez RE, Mecchia MA, Debernardi JM, Schommer C, Weigel D, Palatnik JF - Control of cell proliferation in Arabidopsis thaliana by microRNA miR396

• Regulation of Gene Expression

expression of GRF6 is affected by the developmental changes caused by miR396

Rodriguez RE, Mecchia MA, Debernardi JM, Schommer C, Weigel D, Palatnik JF - Control of cell proliferation in Arabidopsis thaliana by microRNA miR396

• Regulation of Gene Expression

These data are consistent with AS2 being an immediate target ... of BOP1 activation

Jun JH, Ha CM, Fletcher JC - BLADE-ON-PETIOLE1 coordinates organ determinacy and axial polarity in arabidopsis by directly activating ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2

• Regulation of Gene Expression

These data indicate that STM directly or indirectly represses BOP1 ... expression in the wild-type embryonic SAM and that misexpression of BOP1/2 at the junction between the fused cotyledons in stm embryos is responsible for the ectopic activation of AS2 in this domain

Jun JH, Ha CM, Fletcher JC - BLADE-ON-PETIOLE1 coordinates organ determinacy and axial polarity in arabidopsis by directly activating ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2

• Regulation of Gene Expression

These data are consistent with ... ASL4/LOB being an indirect target of BOP1 activation

Jun JH, Ha CM, Fletcher JC - BLADE-ON-PETIOLE1 coordinates organ determinacy and axial polarity in arabidopsis by directly activating ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2

• Regulation of Gene Expression

These data indicate that STM directly or indirectly represses ... BOP2 expression in the wild-type embryonic SAM and that misexpression of BOP1/2 at the junction between the fused cotyledons in stm embryos is responsible for the ectopic activation of AS2 in this domain

Jun JH, Ha CM, Fletcher JC - BLADE-ON-PETIOLE1 coordinates organ determinacy and axial polarity in arabidopsis by directly activating ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2

• Regulation of Gene Expression

ARF2 ... suggested to repress auxin-responsive gene expression in protoplast transient assays (Tiwari et al., 2003, 2004)

Lim PO, Lee IC, Kim J, Kim HJ, Ryu JS, Woo HR, Nam HG - Auxin response factor 2 (ARF2) plays a major role in regulating auxin-mediated leaf longevity

• Regulation of Gene Expression

ARF19 ... function as activators of auxin-responsive gene expression in vivo

Lim PO, Lee IC, Kim J, Kim HJ, Ryu JS, Woo HR, Nam HG - Auxin response factor 2 (ARF2) plays a major role in regulating auxin-mediated leaf longevity

• Regulation of Gene Expression

ARF5 ... function as activators of auxin-responsive gene expression in vivo

Lim PO, Lee IC, Kim J, Kim HJ, Ryu JS, Woo HR, Nam HG - Auxin response factor 2 (ARF2) plays a major role in regulating auxin-mediated leaf longevity

• Regulation of Gene Expression

ARF1 ... suggested to repress auxin-responsive gene expression in protoplast transient assays (Tiwari et al., 2003, 2004)

Lim PO, Lee IC, Kim J, Kim HJ, Ryu JS, Woo HR, Nam HG - Auxin response factor 2 (ARF2) plays a major role in regulating auxin-mediated leaf longevity

• Regulation of Gene Expression

BOP1 and BOP2 during organogenesis is to repress KNOX1 gene activity at the leaf base to ensure proper leaf formation

Ha CM, Jun JH, Fletcher JC - Control of Arabidopsis leaf morphogenesis through regulation of the YABBY and KNOX families of transcription factors

• Regulation of Gene Expression

BOP1 and BOP2 during organogenesis is to repress KNOX1 gene activity at the leaf base to ensure proper leaf formation

Ha CM, Jun JH, Fletcher JC - Control of Arabidopsis leaf morphogenesis through regulation of the YABBY and KNOX families of transcription factors

• Regulation of Gene Expression

BOP1 and BOP2 during organogenesis is to repress KNOX1 gene activity at the leaf base to ensure proper leaf formation

Ha CM, Jun JH, Fletcher JC - Control of Arabidopsis leaf morphogenesis through regulation of the YABBY and KNOX families of transcription factors

• Regulation of Gene Expression

BOP1 and BOP2 during organogenesis is to repress KNOX1 gene activity at the leaf base to ensure proper leaf formation

Ha CM, Jun JH, Fletcher JC - Control of Arabidopsis leaf morphogenesis through regulation of the YABBY and KNOX families of transcription factors

• Regulation of Gene Expression

BOP1 and BOP2 during organogenesis is to repress KNOX1 gene activity at the leaf base to ensure proper leaf formation

Ha CM, Jun JH, Fletcher JC - Control of Arabidopsis leaf morphogenesis through regulation of the YABBY and KNOX families of transcription factors

• Regulation of Gene Expression

BOP1 and BOP2 during organogenesis is to repress KNOX1 gene activity at the leaf base to ensure proper leaf formation

Ha CM, Jun JH, Fletcher JC - Control of Arabidopsis leaf morphogenesis through regulation of the YABBY and KNOX families of transcription factors

• Regulation of Gene Expression

These results strongly indicate that Dof5.1 activates REV transcription

Kim HS, Kim SJ, Abbasi N, Bressan RA, Yun DJ, Yoo SD, Kwon SY, Choi SB - The DOF transcription factor Dof5.1 influences leaf axial patterning by promoting Revoluta transcription in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

BES1 positively regulated itself and this self-amplification mechanism could increase the hormone response efficiency

Yu X, Li L, Zola J, Aluru M, Ye H, Foudree A, Guo H, Anderson S, Aluru S, Liu P, Rodermel S, Yin Y - A brassinosteroid transcriptional network revealed by genome-wide identification of BESI target genes in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Regulation of Gene Expression

BES1 acts to repress the expression of ... GLK2

Yu X, Li L, Zola J, Aluru M, Ye H, Foudree A, Guo H, Anderson S, Aluru S, Liu P, Rodermel S, Yin Y - A brassinosteroid transcriptional network revealed by genome-wide identification of BESI target genes in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Regulation of Gene Expression

Our results showed that BES1 targeted ... PIN7

Yu X, Li L, Zola J, Aluru M, Ye H, Foudree A, Guo H, Anderson S, Aluru S, Liu P, Rodermel S, Yin Y - A brassinosteroid transcriptional network revealed by genome-wide identification of BESI target genes in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Regulation of Gene Expression

BES1 repressed the expression of ... BEH1

Yu X, Li L, Zola J, Aluru M, Ye H, Foudree A, Guo H, Anderson S, Aluru S, Liu P, Rodermel S, Yin Y - A brassinosteroid transcriptional network revealed by genome-wide identification of BESI target genes in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Regulation of Gene Expression

Our results showed that BES1 targeted ... PIN4

Yu X, Li L, Zola J, Aluru M, Ye H, Foudree A, Guo H, Anderson S, Aluru S, Liu P, Rodermel S, Yin Y - A brassinosteroid transcriptional network revealed by genome-wide identification of BESI target genes in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Regulation of Gene Expression

Our results showed that BES1 targeted ... auxin responsive genes such as SAUR-like proteins and the IAA1 transcription factor

Yu X, Li L, Zola J, Aluru M, Ye H, Foudree A, Guo H, Anderson S, Aluru S, Liu P, Rodermel S, Yin Y - A brassinosteroid transcriptional network revealed by genome-wide identification of BESI target genes in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Regulation of Gene Expression

BES1 acts to repress the expression of GLK1

Yu X, Li L, Zola J, Aluru M, Ye H, Foudree A, Guo H, Anderson S, Aluru S, Liu P, Rodermel S, Yin Y - A brassinosteroid transcriptional network revealed by genome-wide identification of BESI target genes in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Regulation of Gene Expression

BES1 repressed the expression of several BR biosynthesis enzymes such as ... DWF4

Yu X, Li L, Zola J, Aluru M, Ye H, Foudree A, Guo H, Anderson S, Aluru S, Liu P, Rodermel S, Yin Y - A brassinosteroid transcriptional network revealed by genome-wide identification of BESI target genes in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Regulation of Gene Expression

BES1 repressed the expression of ... BEH2

Yu X, Li L, Zola J, Aluru M, Ye H, Foudree A, Guo H, Anderson S, Aluru S, Liu P, Rodermel S, Yin Y - A brassinosteroid transcriptional network revealed by genome-wide identification of BESI target genes in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Regulation of Gene Expression

BES1 repressed the expression of several BR biosynthesis enzymes such as CPD

Yu X, Li L, Zola J, Aluru M, Ye H, Foudree A, Guo H, Anderson S, Aluru S, Liu P, Rodermel S, Yin Y - A brassinosteroid transcriptional network revealed by genome-wide identification of BESI target genes in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Regulation of Gene Expression

BES1 repressed the expression of several ... BR signaling components BRI1

Yu X, Li L, Zola J, Aluru M, Ye H, Foudree A, Guo H, Anderson S, Aluru S, Liu P, Rodermel S, Yin Y - A brassinosteroid transcriptional network revealed by genome-wide identification of BESI target genes in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Regulation of Gene Expression

STM is therefore under negative transcriptional regulation mediated via RPL27aC

Szakonyi D, Byrne ME - Ribosomal protein L27a is required for growth and patterning in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Regulation of Gene Expression

SPA1 ... regulated at the post-transcriptional level: the lower levels of the SPA–HA proteins under FRc are most likely due to reduced SPA protein stability caused by light exposure

Balcerowicz M, Fittinghoff K, Wirthmueller L, Maier A, Fackendahl P, Fiene G, Koncz C, Hoecker U - Light exposure of Arabidopsis seedlings causes rapid de-stabilization as well as selective post-translational inactivation of the repressor of photomorphogenesis SPA2

• Regulation of Gene Expression

SPA2–HA ... treatment of seedlings with the proteasome inhibitor MG132 eliminated the effect of light on SPA1–HA and SPA2–HA protein levels (Figure 7e–h), thus demonstrating that light promotes degradation of the SPA–HA proteins in the 26S proteasome

Balcerowicz M, Fittinghoff K, Wirthmueller L, Maier A, Fackendahl P, Fiene G, Koncz C, Hoecker U - Light exposure of Arabidopsis seedlings causes rapid de-stabilization as well as selective post-translational inactivation of the repressor of photomorphogenesis SPA2

• Regulation of Gene Expression

SPA1–HA ... treatment of seedlings with the proteasome inhibitor MG132 eliminated the effect of light on SPA1–HA and SPA2–HA protein levels (Figure 7e–h), thus demonstrating that light promotes degradation of the SPA–HA proteins in the 26S proteasome

Balcerowicz M, Fittinghoff K, Wirthmueller L, Maier A, Fackendahl P, Fiene G, Koncz C, Hoecker U - Light exposure of Arabidopsis seedlings causes rapid de-stabilization as well as selective post-translational inactivation of the repressor of photomorphogenesis SPA2

• Regulation of Gene Expression

SPA2 ... regulated at the post-transcriptional level: the lower levels of the SPA–HA proteins under FRc are most likely due to reduced SPA protein stability caused by light exposure

Balcerowicz M, Fittinghoff K, Wirthmueller L, Maier A, Fackendahl P, Fiene G, Koncz C, Hoecker U - Light exposure of Arabidopsis seedlings causes rapid de-stabilization as well as selective post-translational inactivation of the repressor of photomorphogenesis SPA2

• Regulation of Gene Expression

our data indicate that PIF4, together with its close homologue PIF5, drive the transcription of their negative regulator, HFR1. This negative feedback circuit ensures that HFR1 levels are high at the transition from dark to light when HFR1 protein is stabilised

Foreman J, Johansson H, Hornitschek P, Josse EM, Fankhauser C, Halliday KJ - Light receptor action is critical for maintaining plant biomass at warm ambient temperatures

• Regulation of Gene Expression

our data indicate that PIF4, together with its close homologue PIF5, drive the transcription of their negative regulator, HFR1. This negative feedback circuit ensures that HFR1 levels are high at the transition from dark to light when HFR1 protein is stabilised

Foreman J, Johansson H, Hornitschek P, Josse EM, Fankhauser C, Halliday KJ - Light receptor action is critical for maintaining plant biomass at warm ambient temperatures

• Regulation of Gene Expression

when a vector construct harboring the VND7 gene driven by the 35S promoter was introduced into the transgenic plants expressing the GUS gene driven by the XCP1 promoter by particle bombardment, ectopic GUS staining was observed in various types of cells, such as epidermal cells and trichome cells, in addition to the differentiating xylem vessel cells (Figure S1). These data suggest that the promoter region of XCP1 includes sequences that respond to VND7

Yamaguchi M, Mitsuda N, Ohtani M, Ohme-Takagi M, Kato K, Demura T - VASCULAR-RELATED NAC-DOMAIN7 directly regulates the expression of a broad range of genes for xylem vessel formation

• Regulation of Gene Expression

These results demonstrate that CUC1 activates LSH4 transcription in the seedling shoot apex

Takeda S, Hanano K, Kariya A, Shimizu S, Zhao L, Matsui M, Tasaka M, Aida M - CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON1 transcription factor activates the expression of LSH4 and LSH3, two members of the ALOG gene family, in shoot organ boundary cells

• Regulation of Gene Expression

LSH3 ... expression in the shoot is regulated by CUC1

Takeda S, Hanano K, Kariya A, Shimizu S, Zhao L, Matsui M, Tasaka M, Aida M - CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON1 transcription factor activates the expression of LSH4 and LSH3, two members of the ALOG gene family, in shoot organ boundary cells

• Regulation of Gene Expression

indicating that CUC1 ... promote LSH4 expression

Takeda S, Hanano K, Kariya A, Shimizu S, Zhao L, Matsui M, Tasaka M, Aida M - CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON1 transcription factor activates the expression of LSH4 and LSH3, two members of the ALOG gene family, in shoot organ boundary cells

• Regulation of Gene Expression

indicating that ... CUC2 ... promote LSH4 expression

Takeda S, Hanano K, Kariya A, Shimizu S, Zhao L, Matsui M, Tasaka M, Aida M - CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON1 transcription factor activates the expression of LSH4 and LSH3, two members of the ALOG gene family, in shoot organ boundary cells

• Regulation of Gene Expression

LSH3 ... expression in the shoot is regulated by ... CUC2

Takeda S, Hanano K, Kariya A, Shimizu S, Zhao L, Matsui M, Tasaka M, Aida M - CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON1 transcription factor activates the expression of LSH4 and LSH3, two members of the ALOG gene family, in shoot organ boundary cells

• Regulation of Gene Expression

the activation of ... CUC3 by STM is independent of CUC1

Spinelli SV, Martin AP, Viola IL, Gonzalez DH, Palatnik JF - A mechanistic link between STM and CUC1 during Arabidopsis development

• Regulation of Gene Expression

the activation of CUC2 ... by STM is independent of CUC1

Spinelli SV, Martin AP, Viola IL, Gonzalez DH, Palatnik JF - A mechanistic link between STM and CUC1 during Arabidopsis development

• Regulation of Gene Expression

NEK6 enhances CYCB1;1 expression in young leaves

Zhang B, Chen HW, Mu RL, Zhang WK, Zhao MY, Wei W, Wang F, Yu H, Lei G, Zou HF, Ma B, Chen SY, Zhang JS - NIMA-related kinase NEK6 affects plant growth and stress response in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

NEK6 enhances CYCB1;1 expression in ... petioles

Zhang B, Chen HW, Mu RL, Zhang WK, Zhao MY, Wei W, Wang F, Yu H, Lei G, Zou HF, Ma B, Chen SY, Zhang JS - NIMA-related kinase NEK6 affects plant growth and stress response in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

These data support the view that KN is transcriptionally activated by the binding of MYB3R1 ... to its MSA elements

Haga N, Kobayashi K, Suzuki T, Maeo K, Kubo M, Ohtani M, Mitsuda N, Demura T, Nakamura K, Jürgens G, Ito M - Mutations in MYB3R1 and MYB3R4 cause pleiotropic developmental defects and preferential down-regulation of multiple G2/M-specific genes in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

We then tested the DNA binding ability of wild-type and mutated SND1 proteins. In a previous report, SND1 was shown to trans-activate the MYB46 promoter, to which it can directly bind (Zhong et al., 2007). We first confirmed the trans-activation of the MYB46 promoter by SND1 in the dual luciferase system

Wang H, Zhao Q, Chen F, Wang M, Dixon RA - NAC domain function and transcriptional control of a secondary cell wall master switch

• Regulation of Gene Expression

To test if the above MYB TFs affect the expression of SND1, we performed further trans-activation assays using the dual luciferase system. We cloned the five MYB TFs into overexpression constructs and individually co-transfected them into protoplasts along with the SND1 promoter: luciferase reporter construct. MYB4 ... repressed the expression of SND1

Wang H, Zhao Q, Chen F, Wang M, Dixon RA - NAC domain function and transcriptional control of a secondary cell wall master switch

• Regulation of Gene Expression

To test if the above MYB TFs affect the expression of SND1, we performed further trans-activation assays using the dual luciferase system. We cloned the five MYB TFs into overexpression constructs and individually co-transfected them into protoplasts along with the SND1 promoter: luciferase reporter construct ... MYB32 ... repressed the expression of SND1

Wang H, Zhao Q, Chen F, Wang M, Dixon RA - NAC domain function and transcriptional control of a secondary cell wall master switch

• Regulation of Gene Expression

To test if the above MYB TFs affect the expression of SND1, we performed further trans-activation assays using the dual luciferase system. We cloned the five MYB TFs into overexpression constructs and individually co-transfected them into protoplasts along with the SND1 promoter: luciferase reporter construct ... MYB7 ... repressed the expression of SND1

Wang H, Zhao Q, Chen F, Wang M, Dixon RA - NAC domain function and transcriptional control of a secondary cell wall master switch

• Regulation of Gene Expression

We further performed ChIP analyses to determine levels of the chromatin-bound H3K56Ac and H4K5Ac proteins within replicons in the elo3 mutant, and fas1-4 was also included for comparison. Both chromatin-associating H3K56Ac and H4K5Ac within early and late replicons were significantly reduced in elo3 and fas1-4 mutant, compared with those in the wild type

Xu D, Huang W, Li Y, Wang H, Huang H, Cui X - Elongator complex is critical for cell cycle progression and leaf patterning in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

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Xu D, Huang W, Li Y, Wang H, Huang H, Cui X - Elongator complex is critical for cell cycle progression and leaf patterning in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

We then analyzed the cellular levels of acetylated H3 and H4 in 8-day-old elo3 leaves by Western blot. The CAF-1 mutant fas1-4 was also included for comparison. Compared with the wild type, H3Ac, H3K9Ac, H3K14Ac and H3K56Ac levels were decreased dramatically in elo3, and H4Ac, H4K5Ac, H4K8Ac and H4K12Ac levels appeared also slightly reduced (Figure 8d). In contrast, the acetylation levels of these histones in fas1-4 mutant were generally increased, as compared with those in the wild type

Xu D, Huang W, Li Y, Wang H, Huang H, Cui X - Elongator complex is critical for cell cycle progression and leaf patterning in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

We then analyzed the cellular levels of acetylated H3 and H4 in 8-day-old elo3 leaves by Western blot. The CAF-1 mutant fas1-4 was also included for comparison. Compared with the wild type, H3Ac, H3K9Ac, H3K14Ac and H3K56Ac levels were decreased dramatically in elo3, and H4Ac, H4K5Ac, H4K8Ac and H4K12Ac levels appeared also slightly reduced

Xu D, Huang W, Li Y, Wang H, Huang H, Cui X - Elongator complex is critical for cell cycle progression and leaf patterning in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

We further performed ChIP analyses to determine levels of the chromatin-bound H3K56Ac and H4K5Ac proteins within replicons in the elo3 mutant, and fas1-4 was also included for comparison. Both chromatin-associating H3K56Ac and H4K5Ac within early and late replicons were significantly reduced in elo3 and fas1-4 mutant, compared with those in the wild type

Xu D, Huang W, Li Y, Wang H, Huang H, Cui X - Elongator complex is critical for cell cycle progression and leaf patterning in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

We further performed ChIP analyses to determine levels of the chromatin-bound H3K56Ac and H4K5Ac proteins within replicons in the elo3 mutant, and fas1-4 was also included for comparison. Both chromatin-associating H3K56Ac and H4K5Ac within early and late replicons were significantly reduced in elo3 and fas1-4 mutant, compared with those in the wild type

Xu D, Huang W, Li Y, Wang H, Huang H, Cui X - Elongator complex is critical for cell cycle progression and leaf patterning in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

The CDT1a gene encodes a DNA replication origin firing factor, and expression of CDT1a is known to be regulated by histone acetylation (Gutierrez and Sanchez, 2009). The enrichment of H3K56Ac and H4K5Ac in the promoter region of CDT1a was also reduced in elo3 and fas1-4

Xu D, Huang W, Li Y, Wang H, Huang H, Cui X - Elongator complex is critical for cell cycle progression and leaf patterning in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

The CDT1a gene encodes a DNA replication origin firing factor, and expression of CDT1a is known to be regulated by histone acetylation (Gutierrez and Sanchez, 2009). The enrichment of H3K56Ac and H4K5Ac in the promoter region of CDT1a was also reduced in elo3 and fas1-4

Xu D, Huang W, Li Y, Wang H, Huang H, Cui X - Elongator complex is critical for cell cycle progression and leaf patterning in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

We further performed ChIP analyses to determine levels of the chromatin-bound H3K56Ac and H4K5Ac proteins within replicons in the elo3 mutant, and fas1-4 was also included for comparison. Both chromatin-associating H3K56Ac and H4K5Ac within early and late replicons were significantly reduced in elo3 and fas1-4 mutant, compared with those in the wild type

Xu D, Huang W, Li Y, Wang H, Huang H, Cui X - Elongator complex is critical for cell cycle progression and leaf patterning in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

We then analyzed the cellular levels of acetylated H3 and H4 in 8-day-old elo3 leaves by Western blot. The CAF-1 mutant fas1-4 was also included for comparison. Compared with the wild type, H3Ac, H3K9Ac, H3K14Ac and H3K56Ac levels were decreased dramatically in elo3, and H4Ac, H4K5Ac, H4K8Ac and H4K12Ac levels appeared also slightly reduced (Figure 8d). In contrast, the acetylation levels of these histones in fas1-4 mutant were generally increased, as compared with those in the wild type

Xu D, Huang W, Li Y, Wang H, Huang H, Cui X - Elongator complex is critical for cell cycle progression and leaf patterning in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

We then analyzed the cellular levels of acetylated H3 and H4 in 8-day-old elo3 leaves by Western blot. The CAF-1 mutant fas1-4 was also included for comparison. Compared with the wild type, H3Ac, H3K9Ac, H3K14Ac and H3K56Ac levels were decreased dramatically in elo3, and H4Ac, H4K5Ac, H4K8Ac and H4K12Ac levels appeared also slightly reduced

Xu D, Huang W, Li Y, Wang H, Huang H, Cui X - Elongator complex is critical for cell cycle progression and leaf patterning in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

We also performed transient GUS expression assays in Arabidopsis protoplasts. Sequence analysis of the Atrboh gene promoters in combination with the ChIP data predicted the potential core binding sequences AtrbohC-BS and AtrbohE-BS (Figure 7d). These were mutated to AtrbohC-mBS and AtrbohE-mBS to verify binding specificity. The BS and mBS DNA fragments were then transcriptionally fused to the CaMV 35S minimal promoter (pMin35S), resulting in pAtrboh-P or pAtrboh-mP constructs (Figure 7e). The reporter vectors and an effector vector p35S-4ΔC were co-transformed into Arabidopsis protoplasts. A vector construct containing the luciferase gene was included to monitor transformation efficiency (Miura et al., 2007). Co-transformation of the p35S-4ΔC and pAtrboh-P vectors increased GUS reporter gene expression by two- to four-fold (Figure 7f). In contrast, co-transformation with pAtrboh-mP vectors did not influence reporter gene expression. These observations demonstrate that the NTL4 transcription factor regulates the Atrboh genes by binding directly to the gene promoters in planta

Lee S, Seo PJ, Lee HJ, Park CM - Accelerated cell death 2 suppresses mitochondrial oxidative bursts and modulates cell death in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

We also performed transient GUS expression assays in Arabidopsis protoplasts. Sequence analysis of the Atrboh gene promoters in combination with the ChIP data predicted the potential core binding sequences AtrbohC-BS and AtrbohE-BS (Figure 7d). These were mutated to AtrbohC-mBS and AtrbohE-mBS to verify binding specificity. The BS and mBS DNA fragments were then transcriptionally fused to the CaMV 35S minimal promoter (pMin35S), resulting in pAtrboh-P or pAtrboh-mP constructs (Figure 7e). The reporter vectors and an effector vector p35S-4ΔC were co-transformed into Arabidopsis protoplasts. A vector construct containing the luciferase gene was included to monitor transformation efficiency (Miura et al., 2007). Co-transformation of the p35S-4ΔC and pAtrboh-P vectors increased GUS reporter gene expression by two- to four-fold (Figure 7f). In contrast, co-transformation with pAtrboh-mP vectors did not influence reporter gene expression. These observations demonstrate that the NTL4 transcription factor regulates the Atrboh genes by binding directly to the gene promoters in planta

Lee S, Seo PJ, Lee HJ, Park CM - Accelerated cell death 2 suppresses mitochondrial oxidative bursts and modulates cell death in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

These results suggest that phyB controls the alternative splicing of RS31 ... in response to red light

Shikata H, Shibata M, Ushijima T, Nakashima M, Kong SG, Matsuoka K, Lin C, Matsushita - The RS domain of Arabidopsis splicing factor RRC1 is required for phytochrome B signal transduction

• Regulation of Gene Expression

These results suggest that phyB controls the alternative splicing of ... SR34b in response to red light

Shikata H, Shibata M, Ushijima T, Nakashima M, Kong SG, Matsuoka K, Lin C, Matsushita - The RS domain of Arabidopsis splicing factor RRC1 is required for phytochrome B signal transduction

• Regulation of Gene Expression

Previous studies identified XBAT32 as a potential E3 ligase that targets ACS7 for degradation by the 26S proteasome (Prasad et al., 2010). To determine if XBAT32 influences the abundance of ACS7 in planta, we compared the stability of ACS7 in transgenic wild-type (35S:HA-ACS7/Col-0) and xbat32-1 (35S:HA-ACS7/xbat32-1) plants overexpressing hemagglutinin (HA) tagged ACS7 using an modified assay from Joo et al. (2008). 35S:HA-ACS7/Col-0 and 35S:HA-ACS7/xbat32-1 seedlings (corresponding to L2 and L1, respectively, from Figure 5a) were first treated with MG132. Following removal of the proteasome inhibitor, seedlings were incubated with the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide (CHX) and the level of HA-ACS7 was determined at the indicated times (Figure 3a). Consistent with the results obtained from the cell-free degradation assays, the levels of HA-ACS7 in wild-type seedling gradually decreased over time (Figure 3a). In contrast, the level of HA-ACS7 protein remained stable in xbat32-1 seedlings (Figure 3a). The lack of degradation of HA-ACS7 observed in xbat32-1 seedlings demonstrates a requirement for XBAT32 in the proteasome-mediated turnover of ACS7. Furthermore, treatment of 35S:HA-ACS7/Col-0 seedlings (corresponding to L2 from Figure 5a) with MG132 repeatedly caused an increase in HA-ACS7 levels (Figure 3b). The accumulation of HA-ACS7 is not observed in MG132-treated 35S:HA-ACS7/xbat32-1 seedlings (corresponding to L1 from Figure 5a), suggesting a lack of degradation by the UPS in the xbat32-1 background

Lyzenga WJ, Booth JK, Stone SL - The Arabidopsis RING-type E3 ligase XBAT32 mediates the proteasomal degradation of the ethylene biosynthetic enzyme, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 7

• Regulation of Gene Expression

If XBAT32 contributes to the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of ACS4, then the half-life of ACS4 should be prolonged in the xbat32-1 seedlings. To compare the half-life of ACS4 in xbat32-1 and wild-type seedlings we utilized a cell-free degradation assay. Recombinant His and Flag tagged ACS4 (His-Flag-ACS4) was incubated with plant extracts prepared from either xbat32-1 or wild-type seedlings. We repeatedly observed a slower rate of degradation for His-Flag-ACS4 in xbat32-1 extracts compared with that of wild-type (Figure 4a). The turnover of His-Flag-ACS4 in both xbat32-1 and wild-type plant extracts was blocked by MG132 (Figure 4a). The half-life of His-Flag-ACS4 was markedly longer in assays using extracts from xbat32-1 seedlings (12.8 min) compared with wild-type (6.9 min) (Figure 4b). These results suggest that XBAT32 contributes to the proteasomal-dependent turnover of ACS4

Lyzenga WJ, Booth JK, Stone SL - The Arabidopsis RING-type E3 ligase XBAT32 mediates the proteasomal degradation of the ethylene biosynthetic enzyme, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 7

• Regulation of Gene Expression

To determine if ACS7 is degraded by the UPS we utilized a cell-free degradation assay to monitor the turnover of the enzyme in the presence and absence of MG132, a specific inhibitor of the 26S proteasome. Histidine (His) and Flag tagged recombinant ACS7 (His-Flag-ACS7) protein was incubated with plant extracts prepared from wild-type seedlings in the presence and absence of MG132. The His-Flag-ACS7 gradually disappeared when incubated with protein extracts from wild-type seedlings, and this degradation was blocked by MG132 (Figure 2a). This demonstrates that ACS7 is turned over by the 26S proteasome

Lyzenga WJ, Booth JK, Stone SL - The Arabidopsis RING-type E3 ligase XBAT32 mediates the proteasomal degradation of the ethylene biosynthetic enzyme, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 7

• Regulation of Gene Expression

We first examined the stability of SAUR19 and N-terminally tagged derivatives in an in vitro protein degradation assay. Glutathione S-transferase (GST)–SAUR19 was expressed and purified from Escherichia coli, and the resulting fusion protein was subjected to a partial thrombin cleavage to release SAUR19 from the N-terminal GST tag. The resulting mixture of GST–SAUR19 and untagged SAUR19 proteins was then incubated with wild-type seedling extracts and degradation over a 30-min time course assessed by western blotting. While the GST–SAUR19 substrate persisted throughout the course of this assay, levels of the untagged SAUR19 substrate rapidly diminished (Figure 6a). Inclusion of the 26S proteasome inhibitor MG132 in these assays significantly stabilized SAUR19, suggesting that SAUR stability is regulated by the ubiquitin/26S proteasome pathway ... To directly compare the stabilities of SAUR19 and a SAUR19 fusion protein in vivo, we transformed 35S:GFP–SAUR19 (line 1-1) plants with the 35S:SAUR19 transgene. Etiolated seedlings homozygous for both transgenes were then used for cycloheximide-chase assays. While GFP–SAUR19 was stable over the time-course examined, untagged SAUR19 was highly labile, with levels showing a rapid decline within 10 min of cycloheximide addition (Figure 6b). Together, our in vitro and in vivo studies clearly demonstrate that N-terminal tags have a dramatic stabilizing effect on the SAUR19 protein

Spartz AK, Lee SH, Wenger JP, Gonzalez N, Itoh H, Inzé D, Peer WA, Murphy AS, Overvoorde PJ, Gray WM - The SAUR19 subfamily of SMALL AUXIN UP RNA genes promote cell expansion

• Regulation of Gene Expression

these data strongly suggest that ... RAX1 positively regulate ROX transcript accumulation, at least during the vegetative stage of development

Yang F, Wang Q, Schmitz G, Müller D, Theres K - The bHLH protein ROX acts in concert with RAX1 and LAS to modulate axillary meristem formation in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

these data strongly suggest that LAS ... positively regulate ROX transcript accumulation, at least during the vegetative stage of development

Yang F, Wang Q, Schmitz G, Müller D, Theres K - The bHLH protein ROX acts in concert with RAX1 and LAS to modulate axillary meristem formation in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

These data indicate that KAN1 expression does not overlap with that of PRS and WOX1 (Figure 1J) but does overlap with the domains of the ectopic expression of PRS and WOX1 in the kan1 kan2 double mutant (Figures 6B and 6C), suggesting that KAN1 represses PRS and WOX1 expression in a cell-autonomous manner ... cell-autonomous

Nakata M, Matsumoto N, Tsugeki R, Rikirsch E, Laux T, Okada K - Roles of the middle domain-specific WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX genes in early development of leaves in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

These data indicate that the KAN1 protein directly and indirectly represses WOX1 expression and acts indirectly on PRS

Nakata M, Matsumoto N, Tsugeki R, Rikirsch E, Laux T, Okada K - Roles of the middle domain-specific WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX genes in early development of leaves in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

These results indicate that the KAN genes repress the expression of PRS and WOX1 in the abaxial region of the leaf primordia

Nakata M, Matsumoto N, Tsugeki R, Rikirsch E, Laux T, Okada K - Roles of the middle domain-specific WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX genes in early development of leaves in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

These data indicate that the KAN1 protein directly and indirectly represses WOX1 expression and acts indirectly on PRS

Nakata M, Matsumoto N, Tsugeki R, Rikirsch E, Laux T, Okada K - Roles of the middle domain-specific WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX genes in early development of leaves in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

These results indicate that FIL and its homologs upregulate WOX1 expression but do not affect the expression level of PRS

Nakata M, Matsumoto N, Tsugeki R, Rikirsch E, Laux T, Okada K - Roles of the middle domain-specific WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX genes in early development of leaves in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

These results indicate that the KAN genes repress the expression of PRS and WOX1 in the abaxial region of the leaf primordia

Nakata M, Matsumoto N, Tsugeki R, Rikirsch E, Laux T, Okada K - Roles of the middle domain-specific WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX genes in early development of leaves in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

The HD-ZIPIII family genes are adaxially expressed in leaf primordia (McConnell et al., 2001). The microRNA miR165/166 is reported to repress the expression of the HD-ZIPIII family genes (Mallory et al., 2004). To investigate whether mutations of the WOX genes affect the pattern of HD-ZIPIII expression via the regulation of miR165/166, we analyzed the expression pattern of the 35Spro:miYFP-W line, in which miR165/166 function can be monitored by a reduction of YFP fluorescence (Toyokura et al., 2011 ... This indicates that PRS and WOX1 control the expression of the HD-ZIPIII genes through the negative regulation of miR165/166 in the lateral region, suggesting that PRS and WOX1 act in the maintenance of adaxial/abaxial expression patterns during leaf blade outgrowth

Nakata M, Matsumoto N, Tsugeki R, Rikirsch E, Laux T, Okada K - Roles of the middle domain-specific WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX genes in early development of leaves in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

These results indicate that the KAN genes repress the expression of PRS and WOX1 in the abaxial region of the leaf primordia

Nakata M, Matsumoto N, Tsugeki R, Rikirsch E, Laux T, Okada K - Roles of the middle domain-specific WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX genes in early development of leaves in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

The HD-ZIPIII family genes are adaxially expressed in leaf primordia (McConnell et al., 2001). The microRNA miR165/166 is reported to repress the expression of the HD-ZIPIII family genes (Mallory et al., 2004). To investigate whether mutations of the WOX genes affect the pattern of HD-ZIPIII expression via the regulation of miR165/166, we analyzed the expression pattern of the 35Spro:miYFP-W line, in which miR165/166 function can be monitored by a reduction of YFP fluorescence (Toyokura et al., 2011 ... This indicates that PRS and WOX1 control the expression of the HD-ZIPIII genes through the negative regulation of miR165/166 in the lateral region, suggesting that PRS and WOX1 act in the maintenance of adaxial/abaxial expression patterns during leaf blade outgrowth

Nakata M, Matsumoto N, Tsugeki R, Rikirsch E, Laux T, Okada K - Roles of the middle domain-specific WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX genes in early development of leaves in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

These results indicate that the KAN genes repress the expression of PRS and WOX1 in the abaxial region of the leaf primordia

Nakata M, Matsumoto N, Tsugeki R, Rikirsch E, Laux T, Okada K - Roles of the middle domain-specific WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX genes in early development of leaves in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

This strongly suggests that PRS and WOX1 maintain a restricted pattern of AS2 expression during blade outgrowth

Nakata M, Matsumoto N, Tsugeki R, Rikirsch E, Laux T, Okada K - Roles of the middle domain-specific WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX genes in early development of leaves in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

These data indicate that KAN1 expression does not overlap with that of PRS and WOX1 (Figure 1J) but does overlap with the domains of the ectopic expression of PRS and WOX1 in the kan1 kan2 double mutant (Figures 6B and 6C), suggesting that KAN1 represses PRS and WOX1 expression in a cell-autonomous manner

Nakata M, Matsumoto N, Tsugeki R, Rikirsch E, Laux T, Okada K - Roles of the middle domain-specific WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX genes in early development of leaves in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

This strongly suggests that PRS and WOX1 maintain a restricted pattern of AS2 expression during blade outgrowth

Nakata M, Matsumoto N, Tsugeki R, Rikirsch E, Laux T, Okada K - Roles of the middle domain-specific WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX genes in early development of leaves in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

The HD-ZIPIII family genes are adaxially expressed in leaf primordia (McConnell et al., 2001). The microRNA miR165/166 is reported to repress the expression of the HD-ZIPIII family genes (Mallory et al., 2004). To investigate whether mutations of the WOX genes affect the pattern of HD-ZIPIII expression via the regulation of miR165/166, we analyzed the expression pattern of the 35Spro:miYFP-W line, in which miR165/166 function can be monitored by a reduction of YFP fluorescence (Toyokura et al., 2011 ... This indicates that PRS and WOX1 control the expression of the HD-ZIPIII genes through the negative regulation of miR165/166 in the lateral region, suggesting that PRS and WOX1 act in the maintenance of adaxial/abaxial expression patterns during leaf blade outgrowth

Nakata M, Matsumoto N, Tsugeki R, Rikirsch E, Laux T, Okada K - Roles of the middle domain-specific WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX genes in early development of leaves in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

The HD-ZIPIII family genes are adaxially expressed in leaf primordia (McConnell et al., 2001). The microRNA miR165/166 is reported to repress the expression of the HD-ZIPIII family genes (Mallory et al., 2004). To investigate whether mutations of the WOX genes affect the pattern of HD-ZIPIII expression via the regulation of miR165/166, we analyzed the expression pattern of the 35Spro:miYFP-W line, in which miR165/166 function can be monitored by a reduction of YFP fluorescence (Toyokura et al., 2011 ... This indicates that PRS and WOX1 control the expression of the HD-ZIPIII genes through the negative regulation of miR165/166 in the lateral region, suggesting that PRS and WOX1 act in the maintenance of adaxial/abaxial expression patterns during leaf blade outgrowth

Nakata M, Matsumoto N, Tsugeki R, Rikirsch E, Laux T, Okada K - Roles of the middle domain-specific WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX genes in early development of leaves in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

These results indicate that AS2 and TCPs regulate the transcription of BP, consistent with the qRT-PCR analyses, and further indicate that phenotypes of the as2-1 jaw-D double mutant are associated with the derepression of KNOX genes in leaves

Li Z, Li B, Shen WH, Huang H, Dong A - TCP transcription factors interact with AS2 in the repression of class-I KNOX genes in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Regulation of Gene Expression

RGA activity suppresses STU expression in the whole seedlings

Lee LY, Hou X, Fang L, Fan S, Kumar PP, Yu H - STUNTED mediates the control of cell proliferation by GA in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

To confirm our ChIP-Seq data, we performed independent ChIP experiments followed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Three different positions around the investigated transcription units were examined. One primer pair was designed to amplify in the vicinity of the identified ChIP-Seq peak and two other primer pairs amplify regions for which no enrichment was seen in either ChIP-Seq experiment. For all four HD-ZIPII genes, we observed an enrichment of chromatin fragments precipitated from DEX-induced 35S::FLAG-GR-REVd plants compared with non-induced transgenic plants (Figure 3d). Therefore, we can conclude that the HD-ZIPII ... HAT3 ... positively regulated by REV

Brandt R, Salla-Martret M, Bou-Torrent J, Musielak T, Stahl M, Lanz C, Ott F, Schmid M, Greb T, Schwarz M, Choi SB, Barton MK, Reinhart BJ, Liu T, Quint M, Palauqui JC, Martínez-García JF, Wenkel S - Genome-wide binding-site analysis of REVOLUTA reveals a link between leaf patterning and light-mediated growth responses

• Regulation of Gene Expression

To confirm our ChIP-Seq data, we performed independent ChIP experiments followed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Three different positions around the investigated transcription units were examined. One primer pair was designed to amplify in the vicinity of the identified ChIP-Seq peak and two other primer pairs amplify regions for which no enrichment was seen in either ChIP-Seq experiment. For all four HD-ZIPII genes, we observed an enrichment of chromatin fragments precipitated from DEX-induced 35S::FLAG-GR-REVd plants compared with non-induced transgenic plants (Figure 3d). Therefore, we can conclude that the HD-ZIPII ... ATHB4 ... positively regulated by REV

Brandt R, Salla-Martret M, Bou-Torrent J, Musielak T, Stahl M, Lanz C, Ott F, Schmid M, Greb T, Schwarz M, Choi SB, Barton MK, Reinhart BJ, Liu T, Quint M, Palauqui JC, Martínez-García JF, Wenkel S - Genome-wide binding-site analysis of REVOLUTA reveals a link between leaf patterning and light-mediated growth responses

• Regulation of Gene Expression

To confirm our ChIP-Seq data, we performed independent ChIP experiments followed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Three different positions around the investigated transcription units were examined. One primer pair was designed to amplify in the vicinity of the identified ChIP-Seq peak and two other primer pairs amplify regions for which no enrichment was seen in either ChIP-Seq experiment. For all four HD-ZIPII genes, we observed an enrichment of chromatin fragments precipitated from DEX-induced 35S::FLAG-GR-REVd plants compared with non-induced transgenic plants (Figure 3d). Therefore, we can conclude that the HD-ZIPII ... ATHB2/HAT4 ... positively regulated by REV

Brandt R, Salla-Martret M, Bou-Torrent J, Musielak T, Stahl M, Lanz C, Ott F, Schmid M, Greb T, Schwarz M, Choi SB, Barton MK, Reinhart BJ, Liu T, Quint M, Palauqui JC, Martínez-García JF, Wenkel S - Genome-wide binding-site analysis of REVOLUTA reveals a link between leaf patterning and light-mediated growth responses

• Regulation of Gene Expression

To confirm our ChIP-Seq data, we performed independent ChIP experiments followed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Three different positions around the investigated transcription units were examined. One primer pair was designed to amplify in the vicinity of the identified ChIP-Seq peak and two other primer pairs amplify regions for which no enrichment was seen in either ChIP-Seq experiment. For all four HD-ZIPII genes, we observed an enrichment of chromatin fragments precipitated from DEX-induced 35S::FLAG-GR-REVd plants compared with non-induced transgenic plants (Figure 3d). Therefore, we can conclude that the HD-ZIPII ... HAT2 ... positively regulated by REV

Brandt R, Salla-Martret M, Bou-Torrent J, Musielak T, Stahl M, Lanz C, Ott F, Schmid M, Greb T, Schwarz M, Choi SB, Barton MK, Reinhart BJ, Liu T, Quint M, Palauqui JC, Martínez-García JF, Wenkel S - Genome-wide binding-site analysis of REVOLUTA reveals a link between leaf patterning and light-mediated growth responses

• Regulation of Gene Expression

DPA4 mediates CUC2 repression

Engelhorn J, Reimer JJ, Leuz I, Göbel U, Huettel B, Farrona S, Turck F - Development-related PcG target in the apex 4 controls leaf margin architecture in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Regulation of Gene Expression

miR394a ... targets LCR

Song JB, Huang SQ, Dalmay T, Yang ZM - Regulation of Leaf Morphology by MicroRNA394 and Its Target LEAF CURLING RESPONSIVENESS

• Regulation of Gene Expression

miR394b ... targets LCR

Song JB, Huang SQ, Dalmay T, Yang ZM - Regulation of Leaf Morphology by MicroRNA394 and Its Target LEAF CURLING RESPONSIVENESS

• Regulation of Gene Expression

MIR394a ... can post-transcriptionally regulate the LCR mRNA

Song JB, Huang SQ, Dalmay T, Yang ZM - Regulation of Leaf Morphology by MicroRNA394 and Its Target LEAF CURLING RESPONSIVENESS

• Regulation of Gene Expression

MIR394b ... can post-transcriptionally regulate the LCR mRNA

Song JB, Huang SQ, Dalmay T, Yang ZM - Regulation of Leaf Morphology by MicroRNA394 and Its Target LEAF CURLING RESPONSIVENESS

• Regulation of Gene Expression

To substantiate the Y2H results, WT and samba mutant plants were stably transformed with a hemagglutinin (HA)-tagged CYCA2;3 under control of the CaMV35S promoter. Subsequently, the CYCA2;3 abundance was analyzed with a commercially available anti-HA antibody. Because SAMBA is strongly expressed during early developmental stages, protein extracts of etiolated plants at 5 DAS, were used ... Western blotting revealed a 51-kDa band specific to CYCA2;3-HA only in the samba mutant (Fig. 4C), indicating the stabilization of CYCA2;3 in samba plants ... This result, together with the Y2H experiments, implies that SAMBA targets CYCA2;3 for degradation

Eloy NB, Gonzalez N, Van Leene J, Maleux K, Vanhaeren H, De Milde L, Dhondt S, Vercruysse L, Witters E, Mercier R, Cromer L, Beemster GT, Remaut H, Van Montagu MC, De Jaeger G, Ferreira PC, Inzé D - SAMBA, a plant-specific anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome regulator is involved in early development and A-type cyclin stabilization

• Regulation of Gene Expression

and the two APC/C inhibitors UVI4 and UVI-like/OSD1/GIG1 stabilize CYCA2;3 and CYCB1;2, respectively

Eloy NB, Gonzalez N, Van Leene J, Maleux K, Vanhaeren H, De Milde L, Dhondt S, Vercruysse L, Witters E, Mercier R, Cromer L, Beemster GT, Remaut H, Van Montagu MC, De Jaeger G, Ferreira PC, Inzé D - SAMBA, a plant-specific anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome regulator is involved in early development and A-type cyclin stabilization

• Regulation of Gene Expression

Recently, APC10 had been shown to regulate the CYCB1;1 abundance

Eloy NB, Gonzalez N, Van Leene J, Maleux K, Vanhaeren H, De Milde L, Dhondt S, Vercruysse L, Witters E, Mercier R, Cromer L, Beemster GT, Remaut H, Van Montagu MC, De Jaeger G, Ferreira PC, Inzé D - SAMBA, a plant-specific anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome regulator is involved in early development and A-type cyclin stabilization

• Regulation of Gene Expression

and the two APC/C inhibitors UVI4 and UVI-like/OSD1/GIG1 stabilize CYCA2;3 and CYCB1;2, respectively

Eloy NB, Gonzalez N, Van Leene J, Maleux K, Vanhaeren H, De Milde L, Dhondt S, Vercruysse L, Witters E, Mercier R, Cromer L, Beemster GT, Remaut H, Van Montagu MC, De Jaeger G, Ferreira PC, Inzé D - SAMBA, a plant-specific anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome regulator is involved in early development and A-type cyclin stabilization

• Regulation of Gene Expression

CESA7 ... expression ... is up-regulated by MYB46

Kim WC, Ko JH, Kim JY, Kim JM, Bae HJ, Han KH - MYB46 directly regulates the gene expression of secondary wall-associated cellulose synthases in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

Transcription of ... CESA8 is directly activated by MYB46 ... we fused MYB46 with the regulatory region of the glucocorticoid receptor (MYB46-GR) and constitutively expressed the MYB46-GR fusion protein under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter in Arabidopsis leaf protoplasts ... DEX-activated MYB46-GR activated expression of all three secondary wall CESA genes, regardless of CHX treatment

Kim WC, Ko JH, Kim JY, Kim JM, Bae HJ, Han KH - MYB46 directly regulates the gene expression of secondary wall-associated cellulose synthases in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

CESA8 ... expression ... is up-regulated by MYB46

Kim WC, Ko JH, Kim JY, Kim JM, Bae HJ, Han KH - MYB46 directly regulates the gene expression of secondary wall-associated cellulose synthases in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

Transcription of CESA4 ... is directly activated by MYB46 ... we fused MYB46 with the regulatory region of the glucocorticoid receptor (MYB46-GR) and constitutively expressed the MYB46-GR fusion protein under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter in Arabidopsis leaf protoplasts ... DEX-activated MYB46-GR activated expression of all three secondary wall CESA genes, regardless of CHX treatment

Kim WC, Ko JH, Kim JY, Kim JM, Bae HJ, Han KH - MYB46 directly regulates the gene expression of secondary wall-associated cellulose synthases in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

Transcription of ... CESA7 ... is directly activated by MYB46 ... we fused MYB46 with the regulatory region of the glucocorticoid receptor (MYB46-GR) and constitutively expressed the MYB46-GR fusion protein under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter in Arabidopsis leaf protoplasts ... DEX-activated MYB46-GR activated expression of all three secondary wall CESA genes, regardless of CHX treatment

Kim WC, Ko JH, Kim JY, Kim JM, Bae HJ, Han KH - MYB46 directly regulates the gene expression of secondary wall-associated cellulose synthases in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

CESA4 ... expression ... is up-regulated by MYB46

Kim WC, Ko JH, Kim JY, Kim JM, Bae HJ, Han KH - MYB46 directly regulates the gene expression of secondary wall-associated cellulose synthases in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

To test whether over-accumulated miR408 in the miR408-OX plants results in downregulation of the target genes, we examined ... Plantacyanin (AT2G02850 ... Using the modified 5' RNA-ligase RACE assay that detects miRNA-guided target cleavage (Llave et al., 2002; Kasschau et al., 2003), we confirmed these to be bona fide miR408 targets

Zhang H, Li L - SQUAMOSA promoter binding protein-like7 regulated microRNA408 is required for vegetative development in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

To test whether over-accumulated miR408 in the miR408-OX plants results in downregulation of the target genes, we examined LAC13 (AT5G07130) ... Using the modified 5' RNA-ligase RACE assay that detects miRNA-guided target cleavage (Llave et al., 2002; Kasschau et al., 2003), we confirmed these to be bona fide miR408 targets

Zhang H, Li L - SQUAMOSA promoter binding protein-like7 regulated microRNA408 is required for vegetative development in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

These reporter and effector constructs were co-expressed in N. benthamiana. High luciferase activity was observed in a combination of HDG2 ... with MUTEpro::LUC ... HDG2 is capable of directly transactivating ... MUTE in planta

Peterson KM, Shyu C, Burr CA, Horst RJ, Kanaoka MM, Omae M, Sato Y, Torii KU - Arabidopsis homeodomain-leucine zipper IV proteins promote stomatal development and ectopically induce stomata beyond the epidermis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

These reporter and effector constructs were co-expressed in N. benthamiana. High luciferase activity was observed in a combination of HDG2 and TMMpro::LUC ... HDG2 is capable of directly transactivating TMM

Peterson KM, Shyu C, Burr CA, Horst RJ, Kanaoka MM, Omae M, Sato Y, Torii KU - Arabidopsis homeodomain-leucine zipper IV proteins promote stomatal development and ectopically induce stomata beyond the epidermis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

STM is required for regulation of KNAT1/BP

Scofield S, Dewitte W, Nieuwland J, Murray JA - The Arabidopsis homeobox gene SHOOT MERISTEMLESS has cellular and meristem-organisational roles with differential requirements for cytokinin and CYCD3 activity

• Regulation of Gene Expression

STM is required for regulation of ... KNAT2

Scofield S, Dewitte W, Nieuwland J, Murray JA - The Arabidopsis homeobox gene SHOOT MERISTEMLESS has cellular and meristem-organisational roles with differential requirements for cytokinin and CYCD3 activity

• Regulation of Gene Expression

To test whether ABA could promote AtMBP-1 degradation at the seedling stage of development, 8-day-old 35S::AtMBP-1-YFP transgenic seedlings were treated with CHX for 2 h before addition of ABA. AtMBP-1 protein levels at different time points were detected on immunoblots with GFP-specific antibodies. As shown in Figure 6(a), AtMBP-1 protein levels decreased gradually in seedlings not treated with ABA, which is consistent with results shown in Figure 5(b). However, AtMBP-1 levels declined more rapidly in response to ABA treatment. In seedlings exposed to ABA, the signal from AtMBP-1 at the 3 h time point was weaker than the 6 h time point in untreated samples. This result indicates that ABA increases the rate of AtMBP-1 degradation in vivo by at least two-fold

Kang M, Abdelmageed H, Lee S, Reichert A, Mysore KS, Allen RD - AtMBP-1, an alternative translation product of LOS2, affects abscisic acid responses and is modulated by the E3 ubiquitin ligase AtSAP5

• Regulation of Gene Expression

The stability of AtMBP-1 was then compared in the crude extracts from 8-day-old 35S::AtMBP-1-YFP and 35S::AtSAP5/35S::AtMBP-1–YFP transgenic seedlings in the presence of CHX. Consistent with the results shown in Figures 5(b) and 6(a), the apparent half-life of AtMPBP-1 in plants that expressed 35S::AtMPB-1-YFP alone was close to 3 h and it remained detectable for up to 6 h Figure 7(b). However, in transgenic plants that express both AtSAP5–YFP and AtMBP-1–YFP, the half-life of AtMBP-1–YFP was reduced to <1 h and AtMBP-1–YFP was nearly undetectable after 3 h of CHX treatment. Thus, it is apparent that AtSAP5 is involved in the destabilization of AtMBP-1 in vivo

Kang M, Abdelmageed H, Lee S, Reichert A, Mysore KS, Allen RD - AtMBP-1, an alternative translation product of LOS2, affects abscisic acid responses and is modulated by the E3 ubiquitin ligase AtSAP5

• Regulation of Gene Expression

To accomplish this effect, levels of AtMBP-1–YFP in 8-day-old transgenic seedlings that were treated with cycloheximide (CHX) in the presence or absence of the ubiquitin-associated proteasome inhibitor, MG132 were monitored at defined time points. As shown in Figure 5(b), AtMBP-1 had an apparent half-life of around 3 h in the absence of new protein synthesis and degradation of AtMBP-1 was largely prevented by MG132 treatment. AtMBP-1 could barely be detected after 6 h treatment with CHX in the absence of MG132, but it was relatively stable for up to 8 h in the presence of MG132, indicating that AtMBP-1 is degraded, in vivo, via the 26S proteasome pathway. In contrast, no significant changes were found in the levels of full-length LOS2 protein after CHX treatment even in the absence of MG132

Kang M, Abdelmageed H, Lee S, Reichert A, Mysore KS, Allen RD - AtMBP-1, an alternative translation product of LOS2, affects abscisic acid responses and is modulated by the E3 ubiquitin ligase AtSAP5

• Regulation of Gene Expression

We then performed transient gene expression with DWF4 promoter::luciferase (LUC) reporter gene in tobacco leaves. While expression of BES1 and HAT1 repressed the expression of DWF4pro:LUC gene expression, the expression of the reporter gene was further reduced when both BES1 and HAT1 were co-expressed (Figure 7b). Taken together, our results demonstrated that HAT1 and BES1 bind to corresponding sites and function synergistically in inhibiting BR-repressed gene expression

Zhang D, Ye H, Guo H, Johnson A, Zhang M, Lin H, Yin Y - Transcription factor HAT1 is phosphorylated by BIN2 kinase and mediates brassinosteroid repressed gene expression in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

We then performed transient gene expression with DWF4 promoter::luciferase (LUC) reporter gene in tobacco leaves. While expression of BES1 and HAT1 repressed the expression of DWF4pro:LUC gene expression, the expression of the reporter gene was further reduced when both BES1 and HAT1 were co-expressed (Figure 7b). Taken together, our results demonstrated that HAT1 and BES1 bind to corresponding sites and function synergistically in inhibiting BR-repressed gene expression

Zhang D, Ye H, Guo H, Johnson A, Zhang M, Lin H, Yin Y - Transcription factor HAT1 is phosphorylated by BIN2 kinase and mediates brassinosteroid repressed gene expression in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

We also determined the protein levels of WRKY57 in coi1 mutants, and the results demonstrated that the protein degradation is partially dependent on COI1

Jiang Y, Liang G, Yang S, Yu D - Arabidopsis WRKY57 functions as a node of convergence for jasmonic acid- and auxin-mediated signaling in jasmonic acid-induced leaf senescence

• Regulation of Gene Expression

26S proteasome pathway is required for WRKY57 protein degradation by JA

Jiang Y, Liang G, Yang S, Yu D - Arabidopsis WRKY57 functions as a node of convergence for jasmonic acid- and auxin-mediated signaling in jasmonic acid-induced leaf senescence

• Regulation of Gene Expression

Among the genes identified above as directly repressed by KAN are FLS2

Huang T, Harrar Y, Lin C, Reinhart B, Newell NR, Talavera-Rauh F, Hokin SA, Barton MK, Kerstetter RA - Arabidopsis KANADI1 acts as a transcriptional repressor by interacting with a specific cis-element and regulates auxin biosynthesis, transport, and signaling in opposition to HD-ZIPIII factors

• Regulation of Gene Expression

KAN decreases transcript levels, probably indirectly, of NPY3

Huang T, Harrar Y, Lin C, Reinhart B, Newell NR, Talavera-Rauh F, Hokin SA, Barton MK, Kerstetter RA - Arabidopsis KANADI1 acts as a transcriptional repressor by interacting with a specific cis-element and regulates auxin biosynthesis, transport, and signaling in opposition to HD-ZIPIII factors

• Regulation of Gene Expression

Among the genes identified above as directly repressed by KAN are ... PIN-FORMED4 (PIN4

Huang T, Harrar Y, Lin C, Reinhart B, Newell NR, Talavera-Rauh F, Hokin SA, Barton MK, Kerstetter RA - Arabidopsis KANADI1 acts as a transcriptional repressor by interacting with a specific cis-element and regulates auxin biosynthesis, transport, and signaling in opposition to HD-ZIPIII factors

• Regulation of Gene Expression

REV increases transcription, most likely by direct activation, of NPY1

Huang T, Harrar Y, Lin C, Reinhart B, Newell NR, Talavera-Rauh F, Hokin SA, Barton MK, Kerstetter RA - Arabidopsis KANADI1 acts as a transcriptional repressor by interacting with a specific cis-element and regulates auxin biosynthesis, transport, and signaling in opposition to HD-ZIPIII factors

• Regulation of Gene Expression

For better control of REV activity, we constructed transgenic plants expressing REVd fused to the rat glucocorticoid receptor carrying an N terminal FLAG epitope. In response to dexamethasone (DEX) induction, the chimeric FLAG-GR-REVd fusion protein translocates to the nucleus, where it can associate with DNA and alter the expression of target genes. In response to DEX induction, REV can significantly upregulate WRKY53 expression

Xie Y, Huhn K, Brandt R, Potschin M, Bieker S, Straub D, Doll J, Drechsler T, Zentgraf U, Wenkel S - REVOLUTA and WRKY53 connect early and late leaf development in Arabidopsis

• Regulation of Gene Expression

Transient promoter-GUS experiments in Arabidopsis protoplasts revealed an induction of WRKY53 expression after co-transformation of 35S::REVd, a dominant microRNA-resistant version of REV

Xie Y, Huhn K, Brandt R, Potschin M, Bieker S, Straub D, Doll J, Drechsler T, Zentgraf U, Wenkel S - REVOLUTA and WRKY53 connect early and late leaf development in Arabidopsis